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Cultural identity
Cultural influences on personal development
Cultural values of native american culture
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Cultural identity is the sense of belonging to a group of people. Culture connects a person with their own heritage and ties in traditions and beliefs. However, finding a community to be accepted by is problematic when not harmonious with heritage. Trials and hardships allow people to learn from their past. In Leslie Marmon Silko’s novel Ceremony, Tayo is seen as a disgrace due to his biracial background and has no sense of belonging or identity. In order to fight his inner demons and grow individually, he goes on a journey back to his ancestors’ land to find his past. Ceremony emphasizes the importance of culture and community. Irrational fears of alienation and separation lead to Tayo’s self-loathing which only worsens when he serves in World …show more content…
Before his journey, he is introduced to Old Ku’oosh, the Laguna medicine man who represents very traditional ideals and morals to ceremonies. Old Ku’oosh is described as man who uses an “old dialect” and “repeat[s]” older phrases that even Tayo “never heard” of (31). The medicine man shows Tayo conventional means of Native American culture. Alternatively, since the older, traditional ways do not aid in Tayo’s rehabilitation, he will have to invent a new ceremony from what he learns along his journey. Old Ku’oosh introduces Tayo to another medicine man, Betonie, who modernly represents Native American culture without losing its traditional roots. Instead of the “weeds and dust” Ku’oosh promoted, Betonie had mixed medicines (31). Tayo commends Betonie on his “good English,” and “comfort of belonging with the land” which is all Tayo wishes to gain (108). Betonie expresses his modernized concepts to show Tayo that Native American cultures and tribes are all different, yet share a similar, deeper meaning. His unorthodox take on Native American culture and ceremonies opens Tayo to find his own individual ceremony consisting of reconciliation and healing. Tayo realizes the importance of preserving tradition in his society and although both medicine men have contrasting ideologies on how they perform their ceremonies, both keep the Native American traditions alive. Tayo learns from the medicine men that he must deal with trials and hardship in order to fully heal. Following the cessation of his ceremony, Tayo recovers a peaceful mindset and is no longer troubled by his horrific troubling, grim war memories. Tayo’s understanding of his Native American culture strengthens his well-being and allows to move on from his dreadful
The two Hmong cultural values that were demonstrated by the Lee family are portrayed by their belief and view about the cause and method of cure for an illness. The Lee family comes from a culture that believes in holistic healing. They have an animalistic view about health and medicine. For instance an epileptic is seen as someone who has been chosen to be a healer. Most Hmong epileptic are shamans, therefore even though the Lee’s wish that their daughter’s illness will be cured, they also have a mixture of pride because “although shamanism is an arduous calling that require years of training with a master in order to learn the ritual techniques and chants, it confers an enormous amount of social status in the community and publicly marks the triv neeh as a person of high moral character since a healing spirit will never choose a no account host” (Fadiman,1997, p.21). It is not surprising that their view about health is reflected mostly in their traditional belief in the causes and the cure of an illness. For i...
The novel Ceremony by Leslie Marmon Silko follows a young man, Tayo through his journey beginning when he returns home to the Laguna Pueblo Reservation, from World War Two; and is very ill. During the narrative Silko introduces us to Tayo's life before the war, which gives insight to reasons of why Tayo is ill. Through out his illness Tayo goes through many ceremonies both literally and metaphorically to try to cure his ailment. One of the ceremonies that is performed, is lead by Old Ku'oosh, the medicine man, where he performs a cleansing ceremony for someone who has killed someone in battle, even though Tayo doesn't recall killing anyone. However, he adds that this ceremony, which he has been performing for many of the returning war soldiers, has not worked for all of them. He then recommends another medicine man with the tools to cure and perform ceremonies, for the old ceremonies, since the white man had arrived, have not been able to cure the new diseases. Along with the medicine man ceremonies he also goes to American "white" doctors, which also acts as some what of a cleansing for him. In his case vomiting is can also be used as a ceremony for Tayo because he uses it to cleanse his body of the poisons and evil, both physical illness and mental illness. The ceremonies that Tayo goes through whether traditional through a medicine man or contemporary like visits to the psychiatrist and stays in the hospital, all add to his recovery, either through physical or mental cleansing.
Leslie Marmon Silko uses the idea of being speckled and/or spotless in her book Ceremony. To try to be spotless is the Laguna people trying to become a part of white society, hence, becoming separated from the Earth and from the roots, tradition, beliefs, rituals and customs of the Native American way. It is letting in white society with the belief that it can somehow improve you. It is destructive change that takes a person away from the Earth. It is change that specifies and names possessions and makes you question your own beliefs.
In Ceremony, change is associated with life, while unproductivity is accompanying with death. Tayo, the cattle, and the traditional Native American ceremonies all have to adapt to new circumstances if they 're going to survive and carry on. According to the Night Swan, “people who resist change because they 're afraid of new things are fools." These “fools” express their ignorance in their prejudice against interracial relationships and people of mixed ethnicity, which is something Tayo struggles with throughout the
Tayo and his cousin Rocky grew up together practically as brothers and attended a school where they were taught by whites. Curiously, it was Rocky who denounced the Native American traditions and wanted to leave the community and to “win in the white outside world” (Silko 47). Traditions such as covering the head of the deer after hunting, was something that Tayo believed in and followed, along with other Native American traditions that Rocky, a full-blooded Native American, declared as superstition. Tayo, being half white, could have just as easily as Rocky worked toward a place in the city with white men, but because of his mixed identity, Tayo always thought of himself as an outsider. He felt even less at home with the white men, because he grew up around Native American culture and
Identity is 'how you view yourself and your life.'; (p. 12 Knots in a String.) Your identity helps you determine where you think you fit in, in your life. It is 'a rich complexity of images, ideas and associations.';(p. 12 Knots in a String.) It is given that as we go through our lives and encounter different experiences our identity of yourselves and where we belong may change. As this happens we may gain or relinquish new values and from this identity and image our influenced. 'A bad self-image and low self-esteem may form part of identity?but often the cause is not a loss of identity itself so much as a loss of belonging.'; Social psychologists suggest that identity is closely related to our culture. Native people today have been faced with this challenge against their identity as they are increasingly faced with a non-native society. I will prove that the play The Rez Sisters showed this loss of identity and loss of belonging. When a native person leaves the reservation to go and start a new life in a city they are forced to adapt to a lifestyle they are not accustomed to. They do not feel as though they fit in or belong to any particular culture. They are faced with extreme racism and stereotypes from other people in the nonreservational society.
Change is one of the tallest hurdles we all must face growing up. We all must watch our relatives die or grow old, our pets do the same, change school or employment, and take responsibility for our own lives one way or another. Change is what shapes our personalities, it molds us as we journey through life, for some people, change is what breaks us. Watching everything you once knew as your reality wither away into nothing but memory and photographs is tough, and the most difficult part is continuing on with your life. In the novel Ceremony, author Leslie Silko explores how change impacted the entirety of Native American people, and the continual battle to keep up with an evolving world while still holding onto their past. Through Silko’s
When asked to define ones cultural identity people usually take the path that leads to their country of origin. They describe their beliefs and tradition which mirrors the values of people within that geographic location. But what about the people who are torn between two cultures? How would they define their cultural identity? This is the problem faced by Henry Park, the protagonist of the book Native Speaker by Chang-Rae Lee. Originally from Korea, he immigrated to the United States with his parents when he was little. However, his struggle of trying to find his acceptance into the American culture still continues. The book outlines his endless uncertainty of trying to define his cultural identity and his feelings as an outsider to the American Culture. Not being able to commit to either of the cultures leaves Henry confused regarding his true Cultural identity which Chang very artfully presents as a fuzzy line between the American and Korean Culture.
The novel's opening poem describes the Incredible powers that language, stories, and rituals have in Native American cultures: ceremonies are the only cure for human and cultural ailments, and stories and language have the power to create worlds As the novel progresses, it demonstrates this power by showing how rituals are more effective than anything else in helping Tayo heal.
meanings. On a whole I believed what Tayo had to say about the world from his
Medicine men utilize the use of herbs, ceremony, song, stories and prayer to treat each person individually. Medicine men’s healing beliefs advocates a personalized treatment plan for each individual’s unique health problems. Consequently The medicine man is unswervingly devoted to his calling for his entire life, both publicly and privately. Frequently he fasted and his thoughts would reflect upon the supernatural. Publicly his duties were numerous and onerous; dedicated children to the Great Spirit, carried out the setting up of the chief, conferred military honors on the warrior, held leadership positions for war, enforced orders, appointed officers for the buffalo hunts, and when planting the maize he decided on the time to plant.
The colonization of civilizations has changed the world’s history forever. From the French, Spaniard, and down to the English, have changed cultures, traditions, religions, and livelihoods of other societies. The Native Americans, for example, were one of the many civilizations that were conquered by the English. The result was their ways of life based on nature changed into the more “civilized” ways of the colonists of the English people. Many Native Americans have lost their old ways and were pulled into the new “civilized” ways. Today only a small amount of Native American nations or tribes exist in remote areas surviving following their traditions. In the book Ceremony, a story of a man named Tayo, did not know himself and the world around him but in the end found out and opened his eyes to the truth. However the Ceremony’s main message is related not only to one man but also to everything and everyone in the world. It is a book with the message that the realization of oneself will open the eyes to see what is truth and false which will consequently turn to freedom.
In Stuart Hall’s “Ethnicity: Identity and Difference,” he claims that identity is a volatile social process through which one comes to see the self. Hall argues that identity is not a thing rather a process “…that happens over time, that is never absolutely stable, that is subject to the play of history, and the play of difference.” These factors are constantly entering the individual in a never-ending cycle, re-establishing and affirming who one is.
Leslie Silko’s novel Ceremony uses storytelling including part poem, part story, among other things such as rituals and ceremony. Tayo is introduced as he tosses and turns in his dreams of his home where Laguna and Mexican Spanish are spoken and dreams of his time during World War II where he is surrounded by the sounds of Japanese. It’s where he sees that he doesn’t understand why he’s there killing people that look like him, and possibly feel the same way he does. Tayo became so entranced with the idea that the Japanese were like him that he started to put people he knew at home’s faces on the Japanese soldiers.When he wakes Tayo thinks about how confused his memories and dreams are.The narrator and speaker in these poems shifts between a first person singular and a third person, but these are the stories of the collective. There is not one narrator or one speaker who sings them. While they are clearly set apart from the prose narrative by the shift in form, the poems reflect the events of the rest of the story. The story also tell of the traditional Native American ceremonies, while the prose narrative must create a
For the purposes of this study I have defined cultural identity as the feeling of self-definition an individual has which is formed through a sense of belonging to a certain group. In this presentation I will be looking specifically at the effects of religion to this sense of cultural identity.