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Thee important of attachment in child development
Importance of infant mother attachment
Thee important of attachment in child development
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Cultural Attachment Attachment is defined as the “development of strong ties of affection as a result of interaction between an infant and a significant other” (McKinney 1518). In the film “Everybody loves… Babies”, several cultures portrayed attachment techniques specifically between infant and mother. The four different areas of culture portrayed in the movie are Africa, Mongolia, Japan, and the USA. Of course, every area of the world has different ways of living, and development, which has a major effects on the strength and development of bonding. The film particularly showed the attachment process starting from birth, and displayed the day to day living in these areas of the world. In the film “Everybody loves… Babies” the attachment techniques …show more content…
The poverty can have a huge influence on how children share a bond and develop various attachment techniques. For starters, in the film, in USA and Japan, the child and mother were fortunate enough to have group classes to aid in their bonding. The cities in Africa and Mongolia did not have these moments of bonding. Instead, in Africa, the mother and child predominantly bonded through feeding. In Mongolia, the mother had little to no attachment with the infant. Throughout the film the child was shown tied to something, as he was left alone while the mother was working outside. This is a big amount of independency for the infant to handle so soon, which may or may not affect his development and trust in others. In Africa, as said above, the prime techniques of attachment are breast feeding and close contact with the infant. As Africa is a country of poverty, the mothers do not have the luxury of going to the supermarket and purchasing baby formula, and baby food. Instead, mothers rely on their bodies. Breast feeding was continuously shown for the mother in Africa because the child and mother gained attachment through fulfilling the infants’ basic need. The mother in Africa also cared for the infants needs by cleaning him with her saliva. This is another example of how poverty in this area of the world can affect their daily living compared to areas like the
There are also cultural differences in the four attachment theories and this is possibly based on different countries where infants are either separated more or less from their caregivers than in the United States (Broderick, P., & Blewitt, P., 2015). However, it is good to know that maternal sensitivity and attachment security has been successfully replicated across cultures so it seems as though with infancy that there are not too many cultural differences when it comes to these relationships (Broderick, P., & Blewitt, P., 2015). What needs to be kept in mind about cultural differences is the differences in context across cultures and how different meanings and connects can be
The attachment theory, presented by Mary Ainsworth in 1969 and emerged by John Bowlby suggests that the human infant has a need for a relationship with an adult caregiver, and without a subsequent, development can be negatively impacted (Hammonds 2012). Ainsworth proposes that the type of relationship and “attachment” an infant has with the caregiver, can impact the social development of the infant. As stated by Hammonds (2012), attachment between a mother and a child can have a great impact on the child 's future mental
“Matilda” directed by Danny DeVito demonstrates how elaborating on both the psychological effect on the child and the various parenting methods and how it affects mental development of the infant. Warmth, shown through affection, touch or nurturing gestures, and responsiveness, or how sensitive a parent’s interaction is with the child, are key aspects for child attachment. However, infants only become attached to a few people, such as the mother and close relatives, derived from social interactions with the infant’s attachment figure. Through attachment, organizational changes occur in an infant’s behavior as brain function and cognitive awareness develops. There are several different phases of attachment, each representing the mental, social and cognitive abilities of infants. In phase 1, which is from birth to three months, for example, attachment is shown through social gestures, such as smiling, crying and babbling. The second and third phase, which is from three months to six months and six months to three years respectively, on the other hand, represents how infants develop key motor and sight abilities, as
The movie ‘’BABIES’’ is about babies from San Francisco, Japan, Namibia, and Mongolia and It showed how they interact with people and things around them. It helps people see how the parents take care of their babies in different cultures and how they are similar in some ways. The documentary shows the four different cultural babies from right after birth until they can walk. Everyone has a different way of how to take care of their babies; people don’t have the same cultural background so people take care of their babies differently. The 2010 film Babies demonstrates example of cultural universals and norms while viewing the distinct cultural differences between the cultures of Namibia, Mongolia, Japan and the United States from the conflict
Criticisms of attachment theory have come mainly from the feminist schools of thought since the theory has been used to argue that no woman with a young child should work outside the home or spend time away from her baby (Goodsell and Meldrum, 2010). Children’s experience and development also depend on what happens after early years, whether bad or good later in life may change a child’s emotional development, e.g. lack of basic needs, diet, education, stimulation such as play might affect a child’s development (Rutter, 1981). Differences in cultures have to be taken into consideration as well. A study by Schaffer and Emmerson (1964) provided contradictory evidence for Bowlby’s attachment theory. They noted attachment was more prominent at eight months, and afterwards children became attached to more than one person.
Attachment is a complex evolutionary behavioral system that is intertwined with three other behavioral systems: exploratory, affiliative, and wariness. The behavioral systems that are involved with attachment behavior can be activated or terminated in different circumstances. The function of attachment is survival. Attachment can be found in many children’s books, although the two books examined in this essay are I love you all day long by Francesca Rusackas, and The kissing hand by…. These books show evidence of secure attachment through the process of separation and reunion.
Infant attachment is the first relationship that occurs between infants and their mothers or other primary caregivers (Craig & Dunn, 2010). The mother-infant attachment begins at birth and is considered by a group of...
The attachment style that a child endures with their mother initially begins before the child is even born. In the mother’s womb, the infant becomes aware of their mother and father’s voices, where they begin to develop a bond with them and feel nurtured and comforted by the things they hear their parents sing and speak to them. According to Bowlby, the development of attachment takes place in four different phases and are reinforced as they grow older from the Preattachment (birth to age 6 weeks), attachment-in-the-making (age 6 weeks to 8 months), clear cut attachment (between 8 months to 1 ½ years of age) and the reciprocal relationship (from 1 ½ or 2 and on). As the child grows older, then begin to understand their parent’s feelings and motives and are able to organize their efforts and reciprocate the same i...
Infant attachment is the first relationship a child experiences and is crucial to the child’s survival (BOOK). A mother’s response to her child will yield either a secure bond or insecurity with the infant. Parents who respond “more sensitively and responsively to the child’s distress” establish a secure bond faster than “parents of insecure children”. (Attachment and Emotion, page 475) The quality of the attachment has “profound implications for the child’s feelings of security and capacity to form trusting relationships” (Book). Simply stated, a positive early attachment will likely yield positive physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development for the child. (BOOK)
Attachment theory is the idea that a child needs to form a close relationship with at least one primary caregiver. The theory proved that attachment is necessary to ensure successful social and emotional development in an infant. It is critical for this to occur in the child’s early infant years. However, failed to prove that this nurturing can only be given by a mother (Birns, 1999, p. 13). Many aspects of this theory grew out of psychoanalyst, John Bowlby’s research. There are several other factors that needed to be taken into account before the social worker reached a conclusion; such as issues surrounding poverty, social class and temperament. These factors, as well as an explanation of insecure attachment will be further explored in this paper.
The African mother was observed playing with her baby, smiling and making eye contact with the baby as well as correcting the child’s behavior in a calm manor. The American mother read books with her baby while sitting on the floor together and the Japanese mother was seen interacting with her child playing with stickers. Going on family outings like trips to the zoo or bike riding was also observed. Two of the mothers were observed taking their babies on play groups with other moms and babies which gives the baby a chance to interact socially with people that they aren’t familiar (Everybody loves Babies, 2010). Researchers say that all of these non-verbal cues are how you create a secure attachment (McLeod,
“Babies”. Is a documentary made by the Thomas Balmés. It offers a window on the lives of four infants in four completely different cultures. This is not a usual kind of documentary; there are no narration, no subtitles and actual dialogue was very minimal. The film explores childhood rituals, enculturation, socialization and parenthood. I will try to explore each of these themes and try to make the case that behaviors, values and fears are learned not something congenital. It has, in my opinion, comparative perspectives and different methods in rearing children in different societies. It achieves this by cutting the scenes in certain ways to show the differences between these different children. For example, in one part of the film, both Bayarjargal (the Mongolian child) and Mari (the Japanese child) were playing with their pet cats and then the two scenes were edited to a shot of Ponijo (the Namibian child) looking interested in flies. The four children developed in somewhat similar ways. However, there are differences in their behaviors due to the enculturation by seeing their parents or siblings who were doing what they thought to be the norms and the obvious landscape in which they are brought up. Two of the kids were born in rural areas (Namibia and Mongolia) and two were born in urban areas (the United States and Japan). The mothers of these infants were interviewed and chosen to be in the film
The French documentary Babies shows the first year of development of four different babies who live in four completely different environments. The film follows Ponijao, a little girl from Namibia, Bayar, a little boy from Mongolia, Mari, a girl from Tokyo, and Hattie, a girl from San Francisco. Even though the babies live in very dissimilar parts of the world, their physical, cognitive, and social development seem to all follow a set pattern. On the other hand, the babies learn to do some activities distinctive to their environment by watching their parents and siblings. Therefore, Babies provides evidence to support both the nature and nurture sides of the debate.
When analyzing children growing up in poverty a lot of factors come into play such as their physical, psychological and emotional development. To grow up in poverty can have long term effect on a child. What should be emphasized in analyzing the effects of poverty on children is how it has caused many children around the world to suffer from physical disorders, malnutrition, and even diminishes their capacities to function in society. Poverty has played a major role in the functioning of families and the level of social and emotional competency that children are able to reach. Children in poverty stricken families are exposed to greater and emotional risks and stress level factors.
Attachment is a topic that needs to educated to society. It’s really important that to know how to create attachments with our infants. I say that it needs to be educated because of their various cultures that don’t engage with their infants. I have also learned that some cultures are flexible and like to be educated. Always respecting the cultures but also educating the importance of attachment is something that the society can benefit from.