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Social psychology of cults
The effects of cults on society
Articles on the social psychology aspects of cults
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Cults have always been associated with mental and psychological manipulation of members in what is commonly referred to as “brainwashing” (Ex-cult.org, 2016). Cult leaders strive to achieve mind control of members by promoting a system of beliefs that completely disorient the personal thoughts of an individual. According to Coon and Mitterer (2008), most victims of psychological manipulation may not even be aware of what may be happening and strictly follow what their leaders tell them. The followers have to conform to the cultish new belief system by reforming their personalities and training their minds to adapt to the new way of thinking (MacHovec, 2009). Cults are known for their utopian and idealist belief systems that are full of false …show more content…
The cult followers are trapped by the belief that they will be viewed as heroic by practicing the cult teachings. The only way cult leaders can ensure conformity and complete control is through frequent manipulation and followers and up believing everything their leaders tell them. According to Edmiston (2010), most cult leaders are manipulative and always demand for full submission from members and portray themselves as anointed apostles, God Himself or Prophets of God. The leaders teach their members that all practices outside the group are bad and that everything within the group is good (Kelley, 2002). The other interesting thing about cults is that they always avoid logical conclusions and only focus on feelings such as mystical insights, intuitions and emotions. Cults view any rational thought as evil and any independent thought as selfish and that is why they are always characterized by group psychology (Edmiston, 2010). This paper will review three articles that discuss the use of psychological manipulation in …show more content…
Cults are characterized by an authoritarian structure and member’s adulation of leaders. The other articles do not mention anything about the existing debate on whether cults in different locations have different levels of commitment and membership. However, Langone (2001) interrogates the issue that according to the growing body of empirical research and clinical evidence, cultic groups vary in different ways. Some cultic groups harm people while others are never interested in harming people. However, most cultic groups that adversely affect the society in general, including families and individuals. Langone (2001) asserts that the unfalsifiable assumptions about cultic groups are normally supported by most people who pay little attention to the empirical foundation of the cult issue. The groups are very extreme when it comes to their beliefs and that is why most see veil everywhere they while others do not see any evil. Most cults may not be harmful, but most people normally react negatively because they have grown up being told that cults cause a lot of harm to people including psychological harm. The psychological dimension of cult focuses on cult reform. However, thought reform is not necessarily a bad thing considering the fact the concept of physiological coercion to improve the performance of employees but critics of cult groups normally
The cult was mainly composed of men and women both. All members had crew cuts and were between the ages of 26 and 72. Although many members lived together in a mansion in California, they came from all parts of the country. Many were from California, but members also came from Arizona, Colorado, Texas, Florida, New Mexico, Minnesota, Utah, Ohio, and Florida. There were approximatly 39 members who lived in the 1.3 million dollar Rancho Santa Fe mansion. They operated a web site for their cult called “Higher Source”.
One aspect of this control is intimidation and threats. Cults will threaten members and their families to make sure they remain in control and make their leaders seem larger than life. A new recruit to the Church of Wells met with her family, after she left to join the group without any warning, and throughout the meeting she would always look to the church leader before saying anything (Smith 86). Cults also use isolation to manipulate members. One family described their daughter’s behavior when she first join the Church of Wells, “She seemed to withdraw from the world, dropping out of choir and quitting her job” (Smith 85). Cults have more control when their new recruits and other members are isolated from the rest of the world. If the members’ only source of information is the cult, they are less likely to question it. One cult that uses these harmful methods is The Children of God. This religious sect grew out of the 60’s counter culture and was founded in 1968 by David Berg (Zuckerman 108). Zuckerman states that “the children were kept very separate from the parents” and used to control the parents (Zuckerman 106). There is also a constant social pressure that comes with being in a cult. An escapee from The Children of God described the pressure, stating “you weren’t allowed to have imperfection. I had a little wart on my thumb, and I remember walking down this hallway-- a
What’s more, with Robbins melding insights gained from work both past and present, could the insights gained from cognitive science, provide additional understanding into the ways in which totalistic groups are capable of “brainwashing” their adherents? If the frames or schemas are constructed and informed through social conditioning, it seems that they may be subject to re-shaping, and re-definition by a group or a society. While sociorhetorical interpretation’s scope seems to be extremely broad, it may be the approach needed to successfully engage and explain such phenomena.
Schawrtz, L. L. (1979). Religious Cults, the Individual, and the Family. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, (5), 15–26.
Humankind has always had a thirst for power; over its peers, environment and spiritual beliefs. To quench this thirst it has gone as far as genocide; but has often employed more subtle techniques, such as mind control. In today’s socio-economical and political worlds, mind control plays a key role in dictating tastes and lifestyles; as well as controlling political thoughts, views, and people’s understanding of the world. It is accomplished using various channels to condition people’s thinking. Publicity and advertisement campaigns saturate people with products, broadcasting over radio, and television which in itself is a prime example. Many religions employ mind control, conditioning their followers to obey without questioning.
The church of Scientology has been the subject of controversy since its inception. Its methods and beliefs have attracted the attention of scholars from around the world. The church has been under government investigation and has endured a countless amount of lawsuits (Reitman 14). It is also a hot topic by the media with several endorsements by some of the most recognized Hollywood celebrities. However, the main topic of debate regarding the Church of Scientology is its status as a religion. Some members claim that the church has helped them overcome their struggles and that they are happier people, while others condemn it as a dangerous cult (Sweeney). The church of Scientology is a religious group whose purpose is to retain their members with the promise of spiritual enlightenment. Its controversial history, beliefs, and practices reveal the church’s commitment to keep its members.
Cults are dangerous institutions that have existed for many years, corrupting and reforming the minds of innocent people into believing outrageous doctrines that eventually result in disaster. Horrifying cases involving men such as Charles Manson, Jim Jones and David Koresh have bewildered people and raise the question: how could individuals be easily susceptible to the teachings of these men, so influenced that masses go as far as to commit the unthinkable? Individuals who are in a vulnerable position in search for an identity are attracted to cults because they offer a sense of belonging. In addition, isolation from society contributes to the functioning of a cult for it creates an atmosphere where submissiveness and obedience runs high. These two factors seem to hold true for one of the most notorious cults currently established in the United States and Canada. The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints or, FLDS, is an international polygamist sect that incorporates belonging and isolation along with a dangerous mentality that have resulted in the abuse of women and children in the name of God.
Cults can be dangerous as manipulative strategies are used to control large groups of people into behaviour they may not usually be comfortable with. A cult is a counterculture that is an extremist group usually lead by religion and a charismatic leader (Winner 2011:417). Counterculture is the rejection of popular norms and values and replaces them with extreme views on violence, family and loyalty (Winner 2011:417). Cult leaders often preach about religious history as they take it very seriously. Usually, these religious views guide the bizarre behaviour and conformity within the cult. Anthropologists see cults as a way for people to find self-identity and belonging within a group which they are not receiving from outside of the group.
Cults have existed throughout history since the beginning of time. A cult is defined in Webster’s dictionary as a “system of religious worship with a devoted attachment to a person, principle, etc.” Over the past thirty years numerous religious cults have caused “ tens of thousands to abandon their families, friends, education’s, and careers to follow the teaching of a leader they will never meet”(Beck 78).
Throughout the last couple of decades more and more stories of illegal cult activity or murders by satanic cults appear on the news each night. This surge of reported cult activity has caused a spark in public interest. There has been a large increase in the fear that surrounds cults over the past couple of years. A cult is “a therapeutic or unconventional religious movement (McBride, 1985, 22),” and the more cults that fall beneath the public eye, the more serious the fear of cults becomes. Much of this fear has been sparked by major cult related incidents such as mass suicide by the People’s Temple or the murder of Sharon Tate. These incidents, and incidents like them, grab the nation’s attention and create widespread panic. But as the nation reads about these stories in the paper, the same questions seem to surface. Questions like “How does this happen?” or “What can we do to stop this from happening again?” are often asked.
Cults entice people whom by nature want to belong to a group and make it hard for them to leave by altering their thought processes. Those in the psychology field have defined what makes up a cult, have determined what draws individuals in and have recognized the effects that a cult can have on
Cults can be bad influences in several different ways. This article is about real facts of why cults make society a much worse place. Cults can result in crimes, torture, and forbidden worship.
The cult sacrifices innocent people for their own self-amusement to appease Satin. Both Oceania and Matamoros attempts to create a perfect society so they can carry out their immoral plans. The totalitarian leaders try to convince the followers/citizens what they want but actually they are victims of constant surveillance, and freedoms restricted.
Mind manipulation is a word that had been used carelessly these days. This is because people do not know how it had been used in the past. There are many different ways of manipulating the mind: brain washing, lack of sleep. Repetition is one of the best way of manipulating the mind, by repeating an idea or an act it gets stuck in the brain longer. This method is used in Jonestown and Scientology cults.
November 18,1978, 913 members found dead in a mass suicide/ killing in Guyana South Africa. All were members of The Peoples Temple a cult that fled the US four years prior. There are many different cults around the world that have an impact on our society. A cult is defined as “a religion regarded as unorthodox or spurious, also : its body of adherents. ”Some cult leaders are known to have Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) and some members are known to have Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD).