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Effect organizational structure has on culture
The Role of Enterprise Culture in Human Resource Management
Effect organizational structure has on culture
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Introduction
Thesis statement: In every organization there are systems or patterns of values, symbols, rituals, myths, and practices that have evolved over time. These shared values determine to large degree what employees see and how they respond to their world. How an organization determines the demand for employees is a result of demand for the organization’s products or services. How Northrop Grumman satisfies these goals and demands shall be analyzed.
Company Overview:
Northrop Grumman (NG) Corporation is a global defense company headquartered in Los Angeles, Calif. Northrop Grumman provides technologically advanced, innovative products, services and solutions in systems integration, defense electronics, information technology, advanced aircraft, shipbuilding and space technology. With more than 120,000 employees, and operations in all 50 states and 25 countries, Northrop Grumman serves U.S. and international military, government and commercial customers.
Seven business sectors comprise Northrop Grumman. Below is a listing and description of each sector. To find out specific product, program or service information, click on the sector name below (in bold) and you will be taken to that sector's home page:
Electronic Systems
NG’s Electronic Systems sector is a world leading provider of airborne radar, navigation systems, electronic countermeasures, precision weapons, airspace management systems, space systems, marine and naval systems, communications systems, government systems and logistics services.
Information Technology
NG’s Information Technology sector delivers full life-cycle solutions that meet mission, enterprise and infrastructure needs in information systems and services; C4ISR; strategic security; engineering and science; training and simulation; base and range operations; and enterprise IT solutions and products.
Mission Systems
NG’s Mission Systems sector is a leading global integrator of complex, mission-enabling systems and services. The sector's technology leadership spans command, control and intelligence systems; missile systems and technical and management services.
Integrated Systems
NG’s Integrated Systems sector designs, develops, produces and supports network-enabled integrated systems and sub-systems for U.S. government, civil and international customers. It also supports the military with intelligence, surveillance and ...
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...ities. On the other hand, they can compensate for the shortfall with aggressive recognition programs. It appears that they recognize this shortcoming as they are engaged in developing a viable recognition program. How successful this program will be in fostering a comprehensive team approach and creating job satisfaction remains to be seen.
NG does not follow the standard HPO selection processes because of the nature of their business. Since they serve primarily as military contractor they have a narrow selection process. NG will only hire U.S. citizens; they do not hire foreign nationals that, I believe, limits workforce diversity to some extent.
Finally, the interview is an important source of information about the candidate. It can be unstructured, wherein the interviewer is free to pursue whatever approach and sequence of topics that might seem appropriate or structured where each candidate receives the same set of questions, which have pre-established answers. NG seems to favor a mix of both approaches. This gives the Human Resource manager the most relevant information for making a knowledgeable decision about which candidate will fulfill the needs of the organization.
At the July Association of the United States Army (AUSA) Conference, LTG Ostrowski, the Army Acquisition Executive Lead, conveyed the Army’s need for future network solutions. It was also shared in the FY16 Presidential Budget that the Army has several budget requests for Communications systems and upgrades totally over $1.2B (Keller, J. , 2015). This is an opportunity for the Comms BU to expand its customer base in the U.S. Army market place. Northrop Grumman was ranked in the Top 5 of Aerospace and Defense Companies in Forbes America’s Best Employers list (2017). They were ranked over larger companies such as Boeing, Lockheed Martin and Raytheon. Their commitment to their employees, diversity, their customer and even the environment drives their culture. Northrop Grumman’s competitive advantage is leveraging the technology already developed and tested for the services (Air Force and Navy). Their experience with the Army is via services work where our people have gained the expertise to be the right people for working with the Missile Defense Agency. After analyzing both the internal and external environment of Northrop, their competitors and the analysis of their financial position, Northrop has developed a sustainable competitive advantage. They have done this through the use of product differentiation. The value they receive, the knowledge they gain and patents they own by acquiring other companies expands their portfolio to offer products and services not comparable to their competitors. Their respective strategic position establishes a value to their customers that is differentiated amongst their competitors, allowing them to offer a higher premium for their products and
Nucor is the largest steel manufacturer in the United States. It remains a profitable company despite being in one of the most cyclical industries in the economy. Nucor enjoys this success for several reasons, employee relations, quality, productivity, and aggressive pursuit of innovation and technical excellence. Nucor’s strategy is that of a low cost provider, they know they are selling a commodity and understand their competitive edge in the industry is lowering prices through innovation and productivity. The company operates primarily in two business areas, steel mills and steel products.
Lockheed Martin is an organization that heavily relies on its defense contracts in order to generate revenue. In 2005, 95% of Lockheed Martin’s revenue came from the US Department of Defense, other US Federal government agencies and foreign military customers (Defense News, 2007). Lockheed Martin earns this revenue by winning government contracts. As previously noted, Lockheed Martin has a large customer base with the US Department of Defense. The company is the largest provider of IT services, systems integration, and training to the government (Lockheed Martin, 2008). Other customers that provide revenue for Lockheed Martin are international governments and some commercial sales of products and services (Lockheed Martin, 2008).
In fact, it is the culture of motivated and empowered entrepreneurial employees that makes Nordstrom’s culture unique (Spector & McCarthy, 2012). There are less rules and procedures for Nordstrom’s sales personnel than in other retail organizations. Their sales clerks also operate with a certain level of autonomy, running their departments almost as if they are private stores (Mello, 2015). This overall strategic approach to HR keeps training costs low, and consequently the cost of turnover is also minimized. This is important, as Nordstrom’s turnover, due to the level of internal competition and entrepreneurialism this type of retail strategy requires, is one of the highest in its market (Mello, 2015). The high turnover rate makes HR planning an important factor in ensuring a stable workforce that can create and maintain ongoing customer relationships (Spector & McCarthy, 2012).
In order to attract new employees; sales profits and production will play a major part in recruiting top managers to execute a plan in the next 3 years that will need to involve a quality management performance base pay. The first performance metric that should be tracked is the customer satisfaction score, this will help improve the sales profits. Customer satisfaction score should be measured internally and externally by doing so it will help the organization identify where changes are needed. The next metric is productivity; Weave Tech wants to offer some new quality products that attract more than just military customers. In order to launch a new product, the organization should determine the cost per unit and determine the output cost as well. If these metrics are met the organization will have no problem attracting and retaining new employees. (Ops, 2012) Dealing with the firing and hiring of new employees can become expensive as well detrimental to the morale of the company. Having an employee satisfaction score card can help the organization determine employee needs and overall feelings about the organization. Collecting a survey on things that matter to their employees will give the organization an idea of their needs which will help improve production. (Ops,
“Northwest Airlines is engaged principally in the commercial transportation of passengers and cargo.” (5) NWA is a complete full service air transportation carrier that is the forth-largest air carrier in the world that services over 750 destinations located in 120 different countries on 6 continents. They operate 2,600 flights daily around the world and operate more than 200 nonstop between the United States and Asia each week. Headquarters is based in Minneapolis/St. Paul. The main connecting hubs are located at Detroit, Minneapolis, Memphis, and Tokyo. Northwest employs 50,600 employees nationwide as of Dec. 31, 1998. (6) NWA also has 1269 Stockholders as of Feb. 26, 1999. (6) Northwest continues to improve cargo shipping by proudly dedicating 12 Boeing 747 aircraft and easily becoming one of the largest cargo airlines in the world. (4) Cargo is very profitable for Northwest because “Northwest has predicted cargo revenue will top the 900 million mark in 2000”. (3) The enormous fleet of aircraft contains 400 airplanes. (1) Northwest has subsidiaries wholly owned (Unless otherwise indicated by NWA) by Northwest Aircraft, Northwest Aerospace Training corps, MLT Inc, Express Airlines, and Express Airlines I. (6)
In order to achieve its desired public image and to acquire an organizational identity centered on quality and safety, qualitative research on GM’s culture can be facilitated. Intertwined with the study of organizational culture is organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), which is the performance that supports the social and psychological environment in which task performance takes place. OCBs were found to be positively related to overall organizational effectiveness, unit-level performance, and customer satisfaction (Greenberg, J., 2013). A study of the OCB in GM may help in the change it aims to implement. GM may start by creating an environment where its employees are truly committed to its safety policy while also increasing their job satisfaction.
To create a new master data system to support the production and sale of NRG-C bars:
SupplyOn, n.d, Vendor managed inventory at Robert Bosch North America, viewed at 1 May 2014, .
...ns. We plan to reach a higher percentage of shares in the computer market. We hope that by promoting and placing our product correctly we can sufficiently reach our current and future goals we have implemented.
Boeing is hitting its target markets of the public sector, private sector, and government. Not only does Boeing sell within the United States, but is also a global supplier. In September 2016 alone, Boeing delivered to 42 different customers worldwide (Boeing, 2016). Boeing’s greatest strength, however, is their track record of being an industry leading technology produce for years. Boeing is constantly winning government contracts for defense and NASA, clearly indicating how much the US government values their technological advances in aerospace. While these are not all of Boeing’s strengths, they are some of the key points in showing what a strong company Boeing is currently.
Organizations go through different life cycles similar to those of people. For example, people go through infancy, child-hood and early-teenage phases, which are characterized by rapid growth over a short period of time. Similarly, Organizations go through start-up, growth, maturity, decline, renewal and death. Employees in these phases often do whatever it takes to stay employed. (Ciavarella, 2001)
Staying ahead of the competition and increasing profits are the fundamental objectives for every organization. However, many firms today continue to invest extensively in business development activities and less on employee productivity. This mindset ignores the firm’s chief asset and its core foundation, its workforce.
...n process is very important for an organization to hire new members, as employees need to select the right person to do the right job. Therefore, employees need to read through applicant’s document and qualifications, hence organize an interview to be more close with the applicant, to know more about the applicants, see if they are suitable for the job position. Selection process can help the employees not to make wrong decisions, this is a good opportunities to assess skills, aptitude and abilities. (John, 2007)