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Introduction to accounting standards
Introduction accounting standards
Introduction accounting standards
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The Financial statement of a company allows an investor to see the flow of money from that particular company. It records the money going in as well as the money going out. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has implemented rules on how the consolidated financial statements are presented, disclosed, as well as other rules that affect the variable interest and non-controlling interest. A Consolidated Financial Statement is used when you have a parent company along with its subsidiaries. Like the Financial Statement, the consolidated financial statement takes the flows of money from both the parent and subsidiaries and combines them into one statement hence this is why it is called consolidated. Knowing what information is required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board is very critical, so that information is not miss represented, and the company is reporting their company properly. The objective of the consolidated financial statement is to require the parent company that controls one or more other entities also known as subsidiaries to present the statement. The parent company must also present how much control they have over their subsidiary(s), and that control determines exactly what must be accounted for on the consolidated financial statement ( Warfield, Gribble, etc, 1996). Disclosures are another part in the financial statements, and are required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. The purpose of the disclosure is to explain recognized items and provided relevant measures of items that are not measured on the financial statement as well as describing unrecognized items and provides a useful measurement for those items. What the disclosure does is provide d information to help the investor as... ... middle of paper ... ...erivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: an amendment of FASB statement No 133/ Level of authority: GAAP Level A: Miller GAAP Update Service 8.1. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.prx-keiser.lirn.net/docview/192391994/14335C8D2B118D6AB7A/1?accountid=35796 Warfield, T; Gribble, J; Lang, M; Lee, C. (1996) Response to the FASB Exposure Draft, “Proposed Statement of Financial Accounting Standards-Consolidated Financial Statements: Policy and Procedures:” Accounting Horizons 10.3 182-185. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.prx-keiser.lirn.net/docview/208901068/14335C45C80F4E580F/1?accountid=35796 Wilson, A.; Jones, J. (2004) New accounting guidance for variable interest entities: will the new rules reduce the risk? Balance Sheet 12.1 Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.prx-keiser.lirn.net/docview/204699158/143351D7CA33B956889/2?accountid=35796
Financial Accounting Standards Board. (1985). Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 86. Norwalk. Retrieved April 7, 2014, from http://www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=id&blobnocache=true&blobwhere=1175820922177&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadervalue2=189998&blobheadervalue1=filename%3Dfas86.pdf&blobcol=url
The objective of financial reporting/statements is to provide information about the reporting entity’s financial performance and financial position that is useful to a wide range of users for assessing the stewardship of the entity’s management and for making economic decisions.
Include as discussion of the topic, subtopics, sections and subsections in your answer. The new Codification does not change GAAP, but all existing ...
To require the disclosure of meaningful information about a security and its issuer to allow investors to make intelligent investment decisions.
According to the conceptual framework, the potential users of financial statements are investors, creditors, suppliers, employees, customers, governments and agencies, and the general public (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2006). The primary users are investors, creditors, and those who advise them. It goes on to define the criteria that make up each potential user, as well as, the limitations of financial reporting. The FASB explicitly states that financial reporting is “but one source of information needed by those who make investment, credit, and similar resource allocation decisions. Users also need to consider pertinent information from other sources, and be aware of the characteristics and limitations of the information in them” (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2006). With this in mind, it is still particularly difficult to determine whom the financials should be catered towards and what level of prudence is necessary for quality judgment.
An important part of financial planning for corporations is the annual report. Publically held companies are required to submit an annual report to the SEC and private companies, even though not required, can use an annual report to gauge the performance of the company for the past year and use the report to plan for the future. The financial statements that make up an annual report are the income statement, the balance sheet, and the statement of cash flows. (Melicher, 2014) Once all of the financial information has been compiled and the three statements that make up the annual report have been completed a corporation can then start to analyze the data. There are several different categories of financial ratios
A consolidated financial statement can be defined as the financial statements of a parent and its subsidiaries combined to form a single economic entity (AASB 10, 2011). The entity, which acquires the other entity, is known as the parent and the entity, which has been acquired, is known as the subsidiary. Consolidation financial reports arise when one entity purchases another entity, to then form a group. The purpose of preparing the consolidated financial statements is to combine the identifiable assets and liabilities (and contingent liabilities) and equity of two separate entities. At the date of acquisition, assets and liabilities are measured at their fair value in order to ensure that assets are not overstated and liabilities not understated and also ensure more relevant information (IFRS 10, 2012).
two identical instruments being measured differently by entities in different industries. Under US GAAP, specialized measurement practices apply to broker-dealers, investment companies, pension plans, mortgage bankers, insurance companies and others.
The second purpose is to disclose risk faced by the company to public including stakeholders and shareholders. Companies are obliged to disclose all the necessary information that is related to the performance of the company to stakeholders and shareholders. This is probably preventing shareholders to make wrong decisions in their investments due to insufficient information provided by the company.
Financial accounting is the analysis, classification, and recording of financial transactions and reporting such information to respective users especially external users who use the information to make decisions about their engagements with the entity. In financial accounting general purpose financial statements are used for external reporting. The public by standards imposes the development of the statements through respective national professional bodies, International Accounting Standards Board and respective company Acts for various nations.
Private and public accounting has long been discussed and disputed in regards to financial reporting. Since the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) was created in 1973, accountants have called for different accounting regulations for private and public accounting sectors, as private companies do not have the resources to meet the complex requirements of public companies. Private companies currently are not required by law to issue annual or quarterly financial statements (James, 2012). Private companies do, however, have the option to apply the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), cash basis, or accrual accounting to their financial statements (James, 2012).
The Purpose of Financial Statements The financial statements of a business are used to provide information about the status of the business, set performance targets and impose restrictions on the managers of the firm as well as provide an easier method for financial planning. The financial statements consist of the Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet and the Cash Flow Statement. There are four areas of information, which we can collect from a company's financial statements. They are: Ÿ Profitability - This information comes from the Profit and Loss account. Were we can compare this year's profit with the previous years.
Financial statements provide an overview of a business' financial condition in both short and long term. They help in understanding the past performance of the company and making future predictions about the company. It thus helps us to look beyond the profit figures.
Preparing general-purpose financial statements; including the balance sheet, income statement, statement of retained earnings, and statement of cash flows; is the most important step in the accounting cycle because it represents the purpose of financial accounting.
...l, 1993). It was Scott’s idea that unity in accounting can be achieved if external financial statements users are also considered in the equation and the whole idea could gain popularity, little did Scott know that FASB by 1978 would identify the first objective of financial reporting as “Financial reporting is not an end in itself but is intended to provide information that is useful in making business and economic decisions" (FASB, 1978). The second level of Scott’s framework was the pervasive principle of justice, which prescribed unbiased accounting rules that are fair to all users of the financial statements. Scott identified justice as the foremost duty in the financial statements to address the concerns of the public regarding false and misleading financial disclosures (Lawrence et al, 1993). The third level of Scott’s framework was the principle of truth and