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Modern conservatism and modern liberalism
Classical and modern liberalism
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Ideologies have become predominant across the world in the last 200 years and have had a considerable role in the actions of countries. In Canada alone, there have been many fluctuations in regards to military due to change in government and subsequently ideologies. By looking into this government ideologies, spending historical military actions, and current actions, one can come to the conclusion that military involvement will take a different approach between conservative and liberal governments. To begin to understand the changes that Canada has experienced in regards to Peacekeeping and Military operations first one must understand the political climate that has enveloped Canada over the years. Conservatism and liberalism have been major …show more content…
Although this was a long time ago, knowing about the initial stages of conservatism is vital in order to answer the question. Burke believed that this radical change in society was unacceptable. In An Introduction to government and politics it puts it nicely, “He correctly predicted that turmoil and despotism would grow out of such a radical break with the past. We are not wise enough to remake society all at once, he asserted; we must rely on the accumulated wisdom of the past, contained in customs, traditions and practices” . In the past, conservatism has been a reaction to a substantial threat to society or conservatism and is what creates one of the main ideas of conservatism of, Looking at the past for help for the future . Conservatives look to the past for guidance and don’t believe in whole system reform as we as humans aren’t intelligent enough to make these kind of decisions. As well, conservatives will act harshly to protect traditions and well there current state, this can be seen in some of the wars that Canada has taken part in. Presently, Conservatives don’t necessarily have to respond to threats such as the French revolution, but are still trying to grow society in a slow and calculated way. Since there is understanding of these core values of conservatives, one can start to look at present time and how this affects our …show more content…
However, liberalism takes a new approach on how a government should run and in turn it will shape how it makes use of our military. Classical Liberals where in firm belief that limited government was the best way to conduct themselves. However, Reform liberals justify a more hands-on approach of government. They believe that by being very active as a government they can level the playing field and In turn help everyone. They believe that freedom is when society has its best ability to achieve its goals. Liberals often extend this practice into helping out nations to achieve personal freedom in order for them to also accomplish there goals. Now that we understand the ideals of the two ideologies we are looking at, one can try to understand the actions of the conservative and liberal governments that have been in power since
Canadians strongly believe that peacekeeping is about trying to protect people from extreme harm, a way of providing hope in situations that seem hopeless, and a good method of bringing peace and justice to war-torn countries or failed states. Canadians backing soldiers in their peacekeeping role has been so strong for such a long time that it has generated into their national identity. “Canadians cling to the mythology, born of the 1956 Suez Crisis, that we are a nation of peacekeepers, interposing between belligerent forces bent on war but, even though Canadian government officials and media of the 1990s called the operations in Bosnia and Somalia “peacekeeping missions,” they were something very different from Cold War-era peacekeeping.” Accordingly, over the past several decades, Canadian peacekeeping operations involving their military forces has shifted from a Pearson perspective based on humanitarian intervention to peacekeeping missions entailing massive violence. Therefore, my research paper will focus on how peacekeeping in the Canadian context has changed over the past several decades owing to the Canadian use of its military (internationally) force for extreme violence during peacekeeping missions. I wish to discuss this topic extensively within my research paper by focusing on vivid examples from UN Peacekeeping missions.
Eleven years after the second world war, a crisis occurred which had the potential to escalate into a third world war. Hostilities ran high and the background causes that prompted this crisis contained the same fundamentals as were seen in the first and second world wars. Those being militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism; wrought by those countries that had an interest in the Suez Canal and the Arab states. In the world of superpowers in conflict, Canada made a name for itself through an innovative peacekeeping scheme, instead of aggression (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 1999-2000). If Canada had not become involved in the Suez Crisis, as a neutral party, it could have escalated into a world war. The three components which add up to the conclusion of the Suez Crisis and a bench mark for Canada and world peacekeeping are: Canada's choice for those countries directly involved in the crisis, Canada's choice for involvement, and Canada's resolution of the United Nations Emergency Force, which would put a stop to a possible world war.
Canada refused to participate in the Suez canal crisis, “this action was a symbolic gesture that showed both England and the World that Canada was now a fully autonomous nation in total control of its foreign policy” (http://mrmillerss11.blogspot.ca/2010/02/feb-24-canadas-autonomy-timeline.html) . To stop any violence that would soon abrupt Lester. B.Pearson came up with the idea of “peacekeeping”. He stated “We are now emerging into an age when different civilizations will have to learn to live side by side in peaceful interchange, learning from each other, studying each other’s history and ideals, art and culture, mutually enriching each other’s lives. »
McBride, S. (2005). Neoliberalism and Canadian Policy. Paradigm Shift: Globalization and the Canadian State. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.
...L., and Dean F. Oliver. The Oxford companion to Canadian military history. Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press ;, 2011.
Stevenson, Garth. "Canadian Federalism: The Myth of the Status Quo." Reinventing Canada: Politics of the 21st Century. Ed. M. Janine Brodie and Linda Trimble. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 2003. 204-14. Print.
“Over the past century, Canadian attitudes towards the use of force and the exercise of military power in support of national aims have fundamentally shifted”. This is a quote written by Major Todd Strickland in his article, titled, “From the Boers to the Taliban: How Canadians Attitudes towards War Have Changed”. This article reviews Canada’s history within the wars and also Canadian’s thoughts on war. The Afghan war began in 2001 and is still ongoing today. The war began due to the terrorist attacks that took place in the United States on September 11th, 2001, also known as 9/11. The purpose of this war was to invade Afghanistan and to disassemble an organization, known as the al-Qaeda terrorist organization. Another objective was to dismantle the Taliban government. The Taliban government was simply to blame for the deaths of so many Americans on 9/11. The leader, brains and financial support behind this organization was one by the name of Osama bin Laden. Because his country did not surrender him, the United States made the decision to declare war on Afghanistan and fight for those who lost their lives in 9/11. Canada became involved in the Afghan War very quickly after the attacks of 9/11. Because the Afghanistan war is a war that is constantly covered by the media, it makes the information overwhelming. To narrow the topic down, this paper will focus mainly on the Canadian’s involvement in the Afghanistan war. Violent political wars have been reoccurring for as long as anyone can remember, and the intensity of this violence continues to rise. The magnitude of political violence involved, the main interpretations on the causes of political violence, and the prospects for conflict resolution are all topics that will be covered...
Which in turn, created a whole new set of problems or rather anxieties for Canada due to the fact that now, “[The United States] are now the primary market and source of investment for Canadian commerce” (Bow, p. 346). Now instead of the essence of the threat being a physical invasion of the United States, Anti-Americanism in this time period derived from a threat of economic and cultural assimilation. Canada throughout this time period continues to find ways in order to separate themselves from their Western counter-parts. This was especially evident during the 1960s where, “the social and political turbulence… provoked a new wave of liberal anti-Americanism in Canada, focusing on a supposedly endemic pattern of racial conflict, urban violence, cultural polarization and political corruption” (Bow, p. 346). Due to those issues in the United States the sentiment has been more social among its people and it shows with different implementations of policies that Canada has placed or tried to place in order to separate themselves and as a country make themselves look better than the “super powered” United States by comparison. As a result, Canada became to be “proponents of universal health care, national welfare and pension programs and post war social programs…” (Bow, p. 347). The sentiment would evolved further due to the issues regarding the Vietnam war, which not only created a perception that, “America is by nature inclined to an aggressive self destructive foreign policy” (Bow, p. 348), but also is the “first Cold war crisis in which Canada chose to stand apart from the United States, and this affected not only Canadian diplomats’ capacity to influence U.S. decisions, but also Canadian public perceptions of what the war said about American values and priorities” (Bow, p. 348). During the Vietnam war the U.S were mostly criticized for acting
Liberals usually have the perspective that the government should help the people much more than they do presently, with more programs such as welfare (etc.). Liberals generally agree that the government should intervene, regulate, and promote the economy and ensure fairness in society always. Government policies are indeed needed and necessary for citizens to fulfill their daily needs. Most also do agree with a "free-market" society, however, they stress the need for government policies.
As I have already stated Canada is very well known for our many peacekeeping efforts. This is due to the many places our peacekeepers have been, or are at this very moment, such as Bosnia, East Timor and even Central Africa. These are just a very small portion of the places our peacekeepers are presently stationed. I am not even mentioning the dozens and dozens of other places they have been to. Our peacekeepers have helped save countless lives and Canada has gained relatively little in return, but Canada does it anyways, because it is the right thing to do.
Canada has played a vital role in international relations for the majority of its 144 year history since the signing of Confederation in 1867. Canada first participated in World War I, then World War II in 1939-1945. Following World War II, Canada was also involved in the Korean War. Canada has been primarily a peacekeeping nation. There are many questions people ask when a high income country goes to help a lower income nation such as Afghanistan. What are Canada’s motives for helping out Afghanistan? Who will benefit from Canada going to war in Afghanistan? These are some of the questions many people have. While Canada has many domestic problems of its own such as homelessness, poverty and increasing national debt, why should Canada get involved with a problem that is across the globe? Are the costs of going to war out weight the political benefits? Modernity, modernization theory and gender stratification are some key concepts that are related to Canada going to war in Afghanistan.
The Conservative Party’s history is much less straightforward than the Liberal Party’s history. The Conservative Party formed after the combination of two different political parties. The two parties were the Progressive Conservatives and the Canadian Alliance. The Progressive Conservatives were the only other party to govern besides the Liberal party, and the Canadian Alliance was a growing party moving for reforms. The two parties came together in the early twenty first century to form a new conservative movement striving for limited government and less taxes (“Our History”).
While classical liberalism glorified the potential for reason and the prospect of progress, Burkean conservatism was more realistic. Conservatism countered the arguments presented by liberalists by commenting on the faults of reason as well as the importance of instinct and tradition. Moreover, Burke stressed the importance of government authority, as opposed to social contract, as humans must be managed by a higher power such as the
If you know Canada well you would know that we are known for many things like Maple syrup, lumber, Alberta’s oil sands, Medicare, and of course our cold winters. The one thing that you might not know is for our role of being peacekeepers and doing peacekeeping missions. We are one out of many countries that helps out and do peacekeeping missions. We as a nation should continue the Peacekeeping missions, as well as keeping Canada’s Historical role as a peacekeeper around the World today, and also in the future. Canada has always been a Nation that has been involved in the agreement of Peace.
However, conservatism was founded as an opposition to new emerging ideas such as socialism in order to keep social order and restore tradition. Early conservatism can be seen as a disbeliever but over time it has adapted to have its own distinct set of core ideas that protect social order and tradition. Without social order and tradition conservatives believe society will go into the unknown creating chaos and fear. In short, early conservatism may be a disbelief but conservatism today is a set coherent