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Strengths and weaknesses of structural functionalism theory
Strengths and weaknesses of structural functionalism theory
Features of conflict theory in simple words
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While living in Society in today’s world, sociologist still has theories. Theories are interrelated ideas that have a wide range of applications, deal with centrally important issues, and have stood to the test of time (Ritzer & Stepnisky, 2014, p. 24). Sociologists theories are necessary to today’s society. While some theories share the same interest but different concept, we have theories that focus on the negative aspects of society and one’s that focus on the positive aspects of society. Structural- functionalist theory is a theory that focus on the social phenomena, the positive aspect of society. While, Conflict Theory focuses on the negative aspect of society. Two sociological theories but they both focus on the different aspects …show more content…
While on the other hand, Structural-functionalism theory believes that the people that has the power are desirable and necessary to society. In the book Essentials of Sociology, it states that “structural-functionalist thinks that society is held together by consensus, conflict theories argues that society is held together by coercion” (Ritzer, 2004, p.30). One argues that it is an agreement to get somebody to join, while the other argue that it takes excessive force and the person does not have a choice. Structural-functionalism see’s society as having structure and order, while conflict theory see’s society as a bunch of disagreements within society that leads to conflict. While both theories have their different perspectives, they both have some similarities about one another.
Both theories look at the aspects of society whether they are negative or positive. These theories have helped people structure society today. They both are micro-sociological insights to society. Structure in society today has some type of conflict to build that structure. There is always a negative output to find a positive solution. While both of these theories looked at the opposite sides of society, there would not be a negative aspect if we did not have a positive solution for society
Sociology is the study of society and the interactions that occur within society itself. There are numerous methods of analyzing societies and the way the function, nonetheless, most methods fall in micro and macro level theories. Micro level theories allow sociologist to study smaller relationships such as individual or compact groups of people. On the other hand, macro level studies permit for larger scale investigations to take place. With both of these theories there are three theoretical perspectives used in sociology. Micro level theories include symbolic interactionism which focuses in interactions done with language and gestures and the means which allow such interactions to take place. Macro level theories include structural functionalism
The functionalist paradigm focuses on the integration of society, and how society how its own groups which has their own functions to help improve the peoples lives. Functionalist paradigm fits in the category of macro-sociology, because it focuses on the patterns that shape an entire society. Functionalists believe that society is maintained through the thought of trust and consensus on moral values for ideal behavior. Working together will result in a stable social environment that will create equality. Conflicts or dysfunctions will be view as a disease in the social system. Social conflict paradigm believes that society is divided into many groups that have their own goals, and that certain parts of the world have the luck of benefiting economic dominan...
This theories key concept is how all parts of society come together and work as a whole. This can be compared to how Herbert Spencer viewed society as, “a person’s body that has organs that function together to run smoothly” (as cited in Henslin, 2015, pg 15). Sometimes society works the way that people think it should work, but sometimes it doesn’t go the way as planned. Society though has to figure out a way to function together. This can be compared to people in communities. People who work on farms to grow food don’t have time to teach education or make clothes, or vice versa, so people work their specific occupations. The farmer’s works on growing food for the whole community, the people making clothes make clothes for the whole community and the teachers educate the whole community. By running society this way, it will be able to work as a harmonious whole. Everyone is pitching in their own skills to run a smooth and functional community. These are the ideas that the functional analysis sociologist run
The first perspective, functionalist/societalist, focuses on the macro level of social structure. It aims to understand how each societal phenomenon has an ascribed function that contributes to the stability of society by maintaining social order. Through this perspective, societies are
Each sociological issue can be viewed from several sociological theories. Functionalism theory sees society as an overall complex system whose parts ultimately work together to promote stability and solidarity. The theory focuses on the social structures that shape society as a whole. Functionalists believe that gender inequalities exist as an efficient way to create a social system. For example, men are responsible for certain acts of labour such as making the money for the family and women are responsible for certain acts of labour in contrast to men such as caring for the family and the household. This social system is shown regularly throughout our society and
Each of the three main theorists, Marx, Durkheim, and Weber have significantly different aspects on how society is held together. Some things about their theories are related in few ways. Marx was quoted, “The origins of change are all materialistic, not based on ideas.” This aspect focuses on how material items are the basis of society. Durkheim focused on the dependence of others to make society work. Weber used the focus of religion affecting all aspects of life. This is known as social cohesion.
Structural functionalism and conflict theory are two types of macro-theories. Structural functionalism (Perrucci, 1983) has three main ideas: 1) society is a system containing interdependent and interacting parts bound together in time and space, 2) shared values among members of the system are social “glue” that helps hold it together, 3) and systems have a need for stability and therefor attempt the parts working together harmoniously. Conflict theory is the belief that society contains basic inequalities in wealth, power, and prestige (Coser, 1967; Dahrendorf, 1959).
The book displays two social concepts, conflict theory and structural-functionalism. Conflict theory is defined as “a theory propounded by Karl Marx that claims society is in a state of perpetual conflict due to competition
There are three different types of theoretical perspectives that are used to describe society and how it works. Structural functionalism describes society as a system of different structures that work together to support a system, such as a government. A government is made up of educated individuals who in turn, support the education system to teach new individuals the political system. As the government continues to provide for the education system, the education system provides politicians and individuals who will work for the government (Larkin, 2015, para. 8). Conflict theory is the opposite of structural functionalism and states that society works as a constant battle for power, resources and prestige. It also states that there is a limited amount of
The structural-functionalist perspective looks at society as a complex system composed of various parts much like a living organism. Each aspect of society contributes to society's functioning as a whole. Social institutions play a key role in keeping a society stable. All societies need certain things to survive (Newman 2010).
Human-needs and sociological tendencies are constantly evolving, and there was a demand for a science that could provide a less fact-based, and more flexible examination of society. The nature that social interactions should be studied from is up for debate. Society can be examined on macro or micro levels. “Sociologists do not study individuals in isolation from one another, but focus instead on how people interact with each other either directly or indirectly (at a face-to-face level) or indirectly (through internalized rules and expectations, the products of human activity, consciousness of others, and institutionalized patterns of behaviour).” (Wotherspoon, 2014, p.6) Another issue of perspective arises with the question of how much we are shaped by our social environment. Do each unique human create society, or are humans shaped by pre-existing social structures and processes? This is debated by the contrasting extremist theories of Human Agency and Social structures. Also notable are the discussions between the issues of looking at sociology through a needed stable structure or with a view that conflict and change is vital to social development. Sociology is analyzed from an assortment of perspectives that utilize the aforementioned debates. Firstly; Structural Functionalism, which
Conflict theory are mostly used to explain different social stratification’s idea on ideology, such as Socialism and Capitalism. Conflict theory are introduced to refute structural functionalism. Structural functionalism sees individuals and groups are the “components” of the society/organization, if these components
We see many of fields of society for example; government, educational, cultural and many more. Sociology is importantly the basis for almost all policies and idea which shape the world we are in. For example; Harriet Martineau, first female sociologists brought attention to ignored topics such as marriage, children, domestic and religious life and race relations. Without this idea being brought it up it would have always been an issue from society. Solving topics are so beneficial to making our society a better place. On a personal level it’s really changed my vision in the world. This enables us to understand paradigms. Structural functionalism was inspired partly by Durkheim, he stated that society is defined as a social system, with structures organized in an orderly way to form an organic, stable whole. This system enables us to understand and meet the circumstances in order to
The role of theory in social research is that without a sociological theory, nothing can be sociological. Facts disconnected from theory are just facts. Theory makes the facts speak; the facts don’t and cannot speak for themselves. Without a connection to other facts, we cannot assess anything. With theory, you can relate facts to each other. Theory is the body of interrelated logical concepts or universals that connect to empirical facts and phenomena. Empirical research is okay as long as there is theory involved with it. Theory helps us select which facts are important and which are not. Theory also allows us to organize the facts. Theory helps us create a story and tell which the dependent is and which the independent variable is. Theory points us to what we don’t know, which is the point of all the research in sociology. Theory also allows different concepts of sociology to talk to each other, and that allows sociology to progress. Emile Durkheim had stated in “What is a Social Fact?” that reason develops theories and, and observation backs them up. According to Durkheim, social facts are not ideas, they are facts and they are observable. Facts without a certain theory backing them are and will be meaningless. We had talked about this in the very beginning of the semester about how stating certain statistics such as ‘men make .75 cents more than women’ might be true, but just stating that will not be enough. In sociology, what need to be done are the reasons for stating that fact, and what it means for the society as a whole. Therefore, facts cannot stand alone without theory because they complete each other in a way. Talcott Parsons gives a different example in regards to this; “Few if any empiricists are content with discre...
One of the first sociological theories was developed by Emile Durkheim, and is known as Functionalism. The consensus structural theory looks at society using the organic analogy, explaining society as being dependent on a healthy relationship between social structures - for example, the institution of work and education are interdependent as if...