Compare The Function Of Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells

1250 Words3 Pages

Title : With the aid of diagrams, compare the structure and function of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

All the living beings are made up of cells. They contain nucleus, which controls and performs their activities. The cells are divided into the two main categories depending on whether they contain nucleus or not. They are:

Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell Simplest and ancient
Complex and evolved from prokaryotes
Single-cell
Single - celled or multicellular
Lacks nucleus
Contains nucleus
Contains cell wall (peptidoglycan)
Contains cellulose cell wall only in plant cells
Small ribosomes scattered throughout the cytoplasm. No mitochondria hence respiration takes place on an infolding of the cell membrane
They release enzyme called carbonic anhydrase which allows water into the blood to carry carbon dioxide to the lungs where it is expelled. Also, they aid in controlling the pH of the blood by acting as an acid-base buffer. Sperm Cells

Structure:
Sperm cell is a male reproductive cell which is formed in male reproductive system. They are very tiny about 0.002 inches long, because they contain a long tail-like flagella. The main function of sperm cell is to carry the genetic information of male parent and form a new embryo when combined with an egg cell. The shape of the sperm is quite simple, like a structure of snake which comprises of a small ovular head, neck, middle piece and tail.

Head :
It is spherical in shape which mainly consists of a large nucleus and a cap-like structure called acrosome. The nucleus contains DNA and nuclear proteins which is responsible for the transmission of hereditary characters from the male. The acrosome is filled with digestive enzymes (hyaluronidase and acrosin) which aids in sperm penetrating into ovum.

Open Document