Comparing NPD to DPD In both cases, it is apparent that the feeling of abandonment or neglect can trigger a PD typical response. Both patients experience overly high joy when their relationship provides what they desire. While dependent PD patients thrive on a more somatic state, in which it becomes important to see that they are on the other peoples' mind, a narcissists joy is far more based on self-importance. With growing success in life goals, the NPD patient will most likely seek for others to comply to the role of a spectator of his grandiose image, before looking at the other with defiance after his/her temporary needs are met. In contrast, for DPD patients it is crucial to maintain the other's presence and attention in order to …show more content…
Understanding and Treating NPD As Patients with Personality Disorders (PD), usually present a wide range of different disorders, PD patients often do not fit into the DSM-IV categories. It is, therefore, useful to focus on basic dispositions (e.g. unstable self-esteem or perfectionism) in order to understand patients pathologies and develop an effective treatment plan (Salvatore, Carcione & Dimaggio, 2012). NPD patients do not depend on others, the way DPD patients do. Their purpose of investing into relationships is exclusively to defend their grandiose self-image when threatened or expand it, if not threatened. It is crucial for the therapist, to pay close attention to the wide range of different self-positions a NPD patient can offer. As for instance, the patient could shift from dependency to grandiosity, feeling as if the therapist is the only one who truly understands him, and a few days later display arrogance and coldness. Working with such a complex dependency, The therapist has to be careful not to adjust his reactions, to the …show more content…
The study was very interesting, as it gave insight on how dependency is processed within two apparently very different disorders. Even though it would’ve been interesting to read more about the role of dependency in different Personality Disorders, I do agree that it was important to point it out especially in NPD, as the DSM-IV does fail to correctly depict this disorder. Furthermore, the study could've benefited from a broader variety of patient interviews, as Paul and Sandra are about the same age. Finally, Unhealthy Dependency should be given a special highlight in the treatment model of NPD, in which the focus should shift from challenging grandiose self features, to acknowledging how the lack of other peoples admiration can cause interpersonal malfunctioning. It is essential to promote patients self reflection during therapy and allow them to achieve multiplicity and differentiation in the self. The human mind is fascinating and this article only contributes to the understanding of this
Histrionic personality disorder, which is a part of cluster B of personality disorders, is classified by an extreme desire for attention. In order for a person to be diagnosed with it, they must exhibit at least 5 symptoms of it, which include awkward social encounters, shallow expression of emotions, talk in a way that lacks details, theatrical, and finds relationships more intimate that they actually are (Kupfer & Skodol 667). Personality disorders as a whole are characterized by lasting behaviors that inhibit normal social functioning (Myers 596). Histrionic personality disorder specifically however is the one where people need to get attention. They make all their relationships about themselves and look to have social events focus on them more than others. While it can seem that many people have it, especially since it is sometimes referred to as the “teenage girl syndrome”, it is only seen in about 1.84% of people (Kupfer & Skodol 668). This disorder is commonly treated through cognitive-behavioral therapy which aims to change peoples negative thoughts as well as behaviors. For people with histrionic personality disorder, understanding why they think the way they do as well as learning coping mechanisms can help their alter their behaviors that were formerly socially
Denise Gilmartin, a 26 year old female, exhibits behaviors which meet criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. Denise exhibits unstable intense interpersonal relationships characterized by idealization and devaluation (Criterion 2). She has a history of brief tumultuous relationships and friendships. They start of with quick intense attachments and are described by Denise as “wonderful” and “incredibly special” (idealization); however, these feelings quickly devolve into “contempt” and “loathing” (devaluation). Additionally, Denise displays an unstable sense of self (Criterion 3). Her unsteady employment history is partially explained by dramatic shifts in interests. She switched from marketing to legal work to waitressing. It is also important to note that interpersonal issues underly most of her
...oermann et al, 2005). This has a tendency to lead to an insecure sense of one’s self. (Hoermann et al, 2005) A person with this disorder has a difficult time being reliable. This can be from constant career change, relationships and goals. These essential changes occur without any warning. (Hoermann et al, 2005)
There are high levels of comorbidity amongst bulimia (25%), substance use disorder (67%) and narcissistic personality disorder with Diana’s original diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (Ayearst, 2016). The patient exhibits binge-eating and crash diets consistent with the symptoms of bulimia. In addition, Diana was also found to abuse Valium by taking it in larger amounts (from 40mg to 80mg) and prolonged the use despite the issues caused by the substance (Comer, 2015). She also requires an unreasonable amount of attention from her family and therapist, believes she is “better” than any type of treatment or rehabilitation, is sensitive to criticism when she is rejected by men, as well as throws tantrums when people do not listen to her, which are all characteristic symptoms of a narcissistic personality disorder. The diagnostic features that overlap with BPD include impulsivity for bulimia and substance abuse disorder in addition to changing self-image in bulimia, as well as sensitivity to disapproval and rejection, high temper, and entitlement which illustrate the connection with narcissistic personality disorder (Gunderson, 2008). Additionally, although Agoraphobia is not a codable disorder, Diana expresses symptoms when she was afraid to travel without one of her parents as well as felt anxious when she was at work with her
This essay will explore one of the possible combinations of theories on personality and explain how it can be applied in practical therapy.
Baer, Lee. "Personality Disorders in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Practical Management. 3rd edition. Edited by Michael Jenike and others. St. Louis: Mosby, 1998.
particular group of people whose symptoms are indicative of personality disorders, and are between neuroses and psychoses (Manning, 2011, p. 12). Personality disorders are extremely pervasive because they effect a person’s “mood, actions, and relationships” (Manning,
Torgersen, S. (2009). The nature (and nurture) of personality disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 624-632. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00788.x
Self descriptions of EPD individuals often relate a lack of self worth, and an accompanying fear of rejection, abandonment, and loss, as a result of feeling "unacceptable" to others. These agonizing fears are a driving force behind the above-mentioned interpersonal coping style (mirroring and reflecting others). These individuals protect themselves from rejection/abandonment by acting so agreeable to others, via their mirroring capacity, that chances of re-experiencing abandonment agony is brought to a safe minimum.
“Narcissistic Personality Disorder.” Cleveland Clinic. The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. N.P., 20 May 2005. Web. 19 May 2010.
The symptoms are numerous in nature and most of us may have experiences with these types of personalities without quite understanding what may have been the driving forces behind the behaviors. Some of the most common symptoms are; believing one is better than others, exaggerating achievements, needing constant praise, taking advantage of others or being envious of others’ achievements if they are perceived to be better than his achievements. Individuals with this personality disorder come across as conceited, boastful or pretentious. They often monopolize conversations and belittle or look down on other people perceived as inferior. They may seem to have a sense of entitlement and when they do not receive the special treatment to which they feel entitled to, they may become very impatient or angry. According to Lipowska & Lipowski (2015), “The need for admiration reflects the need of being noted, admired, complemented, and an element of entitlement” (p. 6). Also, they may insist on having the best of everything and justify this by claiming they are taking care of themselves first, regardless of the needs of others around
There are many symptoms of depersonalization that patients with this disorder have to deal with. J.C. Dixon studied the symptoms of DPD and found many recurring ones that people explained they had. Examples of this were: other people seemed changed or unfamiliar, things a person was used to seemed strange, body seemed detached, no self- awareness, and no difference between self and not-self (Trueman 2). These are not the only symptoms, another one is a type of obsession, like OCD. A patient may resort to obsessing over their symptoms. They may keep looking at their hands to decide if they look any more or less real than an hour ago, or may repeatedly check hundre...
My topic of choice for this research paper is Dissociative Identity Disorder or DID. This appellation is rather new; therefore, most are more familiar with the disorder's older, less technical name: Multiple Personality Disorder or MPD. When first presented with the task of selecting a topic on which to center this paper, I immediately dismissed Dissociative Identity Disorder (which for the sake of brevity will be referred to as DID for the remainder of this paper) as a viable topic due to the sheer scope of the disorder. However after an exhaustive examination of other prospective topics, I found myself back at my original choice. There are several reasons why I chose DID. The foremost of which is the widespread fascination of this disorder by many different types of people; most of whom otherwise have no interest in psychology or its associated fields. One would be hard pressed to find someone who hasn’t been captivated at one time or another by the extraordinary, all too well known symptoms of this disorder. This fascination… dare I say ‘allure’ to this disorder is exemplified by the myriad of motion pictures that have been produced based on cases, real or fictitious, of DID. Another reason for my choice is what I feel is the insufficiency of effective treatments for DID. Despite what is known about this disorder, (which is relatively a lot) there are only two chief treatments for DID; the first and most prevalent is psychotherapy; also known as ”talk therapy”, the second is medication. The third and final reason for my choice is my own enchantment with DID. I must admit that ever since I read about Sue Tinker, a woman who was diagnosed with over 200 different personalities. In writing this paper I hope to discover more about this disorder and perhaps be able to identify a few areas that I feel might require more research on the part of psychologists specializing in DID.
The article’s title, The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change, is almost a summary in itself. In the article Rogers tries to answer the question he proposes, “Is it possible to state, in terms which are clearly definable and measurable, the psychological conditions which are both necessary and sufficient to bring about constructive personality change?” (Rogers, 2007). Rogers proceeds to describe the relationship and interaction between the client and the therapist that must be in place in order for positive personality change to take place. He condensed the psychological conditions needed down to six conditions and proceeds to explain each of them in more detail. Along with the detailed description Roger also includes clinical examples for emphasis. The conditions the Rogers describe align with the humanistic approach in that Rogers determines that empathy and positive regard by the therapist towards the clients is necessary for the psychotherapy to be effective. The therapy as described by Rogers is relevant today, nine years after the article was written. Clients more than ever today want to know that their therapist understand and has compassion for them and their condition. Clients was therapist who care and what better way to show compassion and caring then by being empathetic and positive
In a person’s life, they may encounter and be face with many challenging circumstances or situations that may deeply affect them. It may make a person feel like they are a failure or even cause heartbreak of some kind. These situations may cause a person who once was so outgoing and happy to become detach from the outside world and avoid interaction with people and relationships. A new study has shown that about 31 million Americans has a personality disorder (Davis, 2017). Personality disorders is a type of mental disorder that makes individuals suffering from this to exhibit persistent unsuitable and abnormal behaviors, thinking, and at times they have trouble perceiving information and situations in a healthy way (Butcher, Hooley,