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Community policing theories
Community prevention crime prevention
Importance of community policing in law enforcement
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Community policing is a concept and approach which recognizes that law enforcement alone cannot solve the root causes of crime. Law enforcement agencies are not staffed, trained nor equipped with all of the tools necessary to address the underlying factors that contribute to crime and disorder. A collaborative approach, enlisting the input and participation of public and private stakeholders will provide the greatest resources in the comprehensive effort to address the underlying factors contributing to crime.
The law enforcement profession was born out of the need to protect people and property. Historically, law enforcement officers were responsible for apprehending criminals and separating them from society. Job qualifications entailed bravery and physical toughness. Early trainings consisted of a basic overview of available communication devices and the booking process.
Times have changed; crime has evolved into a multifaceted issue with deep seeded roots. Today, law enforcement officers have additional responsibilities with greater expectations. It is no longer just about bravery, but about the ability to make complex, legal decisions in the midst of danger and chaos. Officers are now required to complete many hours of training regarding detention, arrest, search and seizure, emergency vehicle operations and defensive tactics. Officers are trained to investigate incidents involving domestic violence, sex offenses and crimes against children.
The communities, in which we live, work and raise our children demand the safest environment possible. A common approach to crime fighting is to respond after the event and incarcerate the offender. The results of this approach have been increasingly burdensome on law enforcement, th...
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...nother failed police program. Law enforcement agencies can continue to police in the manner of their choosing however, the greatest strides are waiting to be made. The success of the community policing program and success of our community hinges on our ability to convince others to work with us. The more stakeholders we can include in the strategy the greater chance we have for success. Police departments around the world have implemented strategies to reduce crime however; success will be measured by the positive relationships developed through this process.
Works Cited
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2012, March 22) Office of justice programs. Retrieved April 5, 2012. From http://www.bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov
Kappeler, V.E. & Gaines, L.K. (2009). “Community policing: a contemporary perspective.” Fifth Edition. Newark, NJ: Matthew Bender & Company.
The job of a law enforcement officer sometimes can be tough. Officer are sometimes plagued with situation that test their ability to enforce the law and maintain order. Police officers today face a constant battle to maintain higher ethical standards. This mission becomes tougher each day when one considers the importance of fighting terrorism, drugs, human trafficking,
In order for the police to successfully prevent crimes, public cooperation is needed. Various community policing programs have been implemented and it is important to discuss the benefits and limitations of these programs. Community policing allows the community to be actively involved and become a partner in promoting safety. This partnership increases trust of police officers and helps citizens understand that the police are on their side and want to improve their quality of life (Ferreira, 1996). The role of the police officers goes beyond that of a “crime fighter” and expands to multiple roles including that of a victim-centered
It is a myth to believe that an officers job is spend fighting dangerous crimes, in reality officers spend more time handing smaller cases. For example, police officers spend a lot of time doing daily tasks such as giving speeding tickets and being mediators in disputes (Kappeler & Potter, 2005). Handing out speeding tickers and handling minor disputes are far from fighting crime. Police officers spend more time doing preventive measures (Kappeler & Potter, 2005). Preventive measures involve officers intervening to prevent further altercations. Victor Kappeler and Gary Potter discussed the myth of crime fighting as invalid and misleading notions of an officer’s employment.
The researchers, who were based at George Mason University, Arizona State University, Hebrew University and the University of South Wales, sought to better understand the effects of community-oriented policing on crime, disorder, fear, and citizen satisfaction with and trust in the
& Forst, L.S. (2016). An Introduction to Policing (8th Edition). Boston, MA USA: Cengage Learning. p.243 (245). Retrieved June 6, 2017, from https://www.betheluniversityonline.net
Oliver, William. (1998). Community-Oriented Policing: A Systemic Approach to Policing (Second edition 2001). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Wilson, J. (1978). Varieties of Police Behavior: The Management of Law and Order in Eight American Communities. American Journal of Sociology, 75(1), 160-162
Community oriented policing has been around for over 30 years, and promotes and supports organizational strategies to address the causes, and reduce the fear of crime and social disorder through problem solving tactics. The way community policing works is it requires the police and citizens to work together to increase safety for the public. Each community policing program is different depending on the needs of the community. There have been five consistent key elements of an effective community oriented policing program: Adopting community service as the overarching philosophy of the organization, making an institutional commitment to community policing that is internalized throughout the command structure, emphasizing geographically decentralized models of policing that stress services tailored to the needs of individual communities rather than a one-size-fits-all approach for the entire jurisdiction, empowering citizens to act in partnership with the police on issues of crime and more broadly defined social problems, for example, quality-of-life issues, and using problem-oriented or problem-solving approaches involving police personnel working with community members. Community oriented policing has improved the public’s perception of the police in a huge way. Community policing builds more relationships with the
Community oriented policing is best characterized as a partnership between the police and the community. Dempsey & Forst (2016) By forming a relationship with emphasis on proactive, problem oriented policing instead of incident policing, the dialogue and teamwork will become a more effective partnership as well. However, in my community, most of the community policing has phased out over the years due to lack of cooperation from the community and budget cuts. Programs that had not been effective and were cut were the foot patrol community policing, remote police department, which operated inside an apartment in the public housing authority, a mini police department inside our local Walmart and the National Night Out Program which eventually
Community policing is a viewpoint and a managerial approach that endorses new affiliation among police and people. It stands on the principle that both the community and the police has to work jointly to prioritize, identify, and resolve current problems such as felony, fear of crime, drugs, overall neighborhood decay and social/physical disorder. Their goal should be to recover the general value of living in the neighborhood. Community policing involves a division wide pledge from everybody, sworn members and civilian, to the community policing viewpoint. Also it tests all employees to discover ways to state this new viewpoint in their occupations.
Community policing as it is now known today has been evolving slowly since the civil rights movement in the 1960s and exposed the weakness of the traditional policing model (law. jrnk. org. n.d.). Unfortunately, it was not until the 1980s when it began to be called community policing because police departments and the community felt that police officers need to be better involved in the community by committing more foot patrol and problem solving in the community. Therefore, they felt that it would build a better relationship between the police and the community. Although, foot patrol is a key component in community policing a lot of cities that use this model as of today have gotten away from the foot patrol due to the way some people view
To conclude, Community policing represents a major development in the history of American law enforcement, but the extent to which this approach is a success and dominates contemporary policing remains a source of debate. In my point of view, community policing is good for communities. It has challenged the traditional concept of the police as crime-fighters by drawing attention to the complexities of the police role and function. In addition to the police officer hard work; citizens can also make a difference and contribute to make neighborhoods a better place to live. For instance, citizens can hold community meetings to talk about concerns and agree on solutions help organize healthy activities for children in your neighborhood, join or starting a neighborhood crime watch program, and talk to your community police officers and share information and concerns.
There are many different ways of policing in the 21st century and all address and apply different theories and ideas to try and control the crime this day in age. One of these methods is called community policing and many law enforcement agencies around our country and the world use it as a model for policing and interacting with communities. Community policing is based on the belief that policing agencies should partner with communities with the goals to prevent or reduce the amount of crime in those areas (Pollock, 2012 p. 99). There are 3 main aspects of community policing that I will talk about in this paper and they are community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving. After hearing about the
The key aspects to community policing involve having officers working in permanent neighborhoods, the involvement of citizens to identify problems and have potential solutions, and the reliance on agencies to help locate issues. The cornerstone of the program is the citizen interaction with the police. It is reported that communities that receive community policing funds have reduced levels of violent and property crimes, also has a greater number of arrests. Successful partnership helps with the reduction of gang and drug activities, area crime rate, and the improvement of the relationship between law enforcement and
Community policing is a law enforcement strategy that encourages interactive partnerships between law enforcement agencies and the people they serve (Berlin, Michael M. "Encyclopedia of Community Policing and Problem Solving.") These partnerships help communities find solutions to problems with collaborative problem solving and improved public trust. Through this model, the public plays a role in prioritizing public safety problems (Berlin, Michael M. "Encyclopedia of Community Policing and Problem Solving.")