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Philosophy of Community Policing
Three elements to the community policing philosophy
Three elements to the community policing philosophy
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Recommended: Philosophy of Community Policing
Community Policing Community policing is a viewpoint and a managerial approach that endorses new affiliation among police and people. It stands on the principle that both the community and the police has to work jointly to prioritize, identify, and resolve current problems such as felony, fear of crime, drugs, overall neighborhood decay and social/physical disorder. Their goal should be to recover the general value of living in the neighborhood. Community policing involves a division wide pledge from everybody, sworn members and civilian, to the community policing viewpoint. Also it tests all employees to discover ways to state this new viewpoint in their occupations. The perception of policing has been a way of life for many years. The
“community policing is a philosophy of full service personalized policing, where the same officer patrols and works in the same area on a permanent basis, from a decentralized place, working in a proactive partnership with citizens to identify and solve problems.”
Community policing stresses the entire cooperation between members of the police force and the community. It necessitates that everyone in the police force, including both civilian officers and sworn personnel, understands that the focus is on resolving community problems, and in doing so, may challenge the everyday policing norms.
Community policing is a strategy used by various departments in order to create and maintain a relationship between the law enforcement agency and the community being patrolled. Community policing is composed of three critical components, community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving (Gardiner, 154, 2016). Community partnerships are pivotal in community policing since they increase public trust and create am improved relationship in law enforcement agencies better serving the community (Gardiner, 87, 2016). These partnerships not only offer public input but also encourage the public to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in order to minimize crime within the community (Gardiner, 88, 2016). Unlike, the traditional strategies of policing, community orientated policing has been adopted by two-thirds of agencies in order to improve public safety and control crime. (Gardiner, 148, 2016).
There are many different ways of policing in the 21st century and all address and apply different theories and ideas to try and control the crime this day in age. One of these methods is called community policing and many law enforcement agencies around our country and the world use it as a model for policing and interacting with communities. Community policing is based on the belief that policing agencies should partner with communities with the goals to prevent or reduce the amount of crime in those areas (Pollock, 2012 p. 99). There are 3 main aspects of community policing that I will talk about in this paper and they are community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving. After hearing about the
Community based policing offers a different approach to modern policing. It allows for police officers to have more power in the communities they police, it allows members of the community to work with police officers to help prevent crime, and lastly focuses on causes of crime rather than “symptoms” of crime. Community Policing can be defined as, “… a balance between reactive responses and proactive problem solving specifically on the causes of crime and disorder, community policing is essentially about partnership between the police and citizens”.
Community based policing can best be defined as, 'a collaborative effort between the police and the community that identifies problems of crime and disorder and involves all elements of the community in the search for solutions to these problems' (Sykes). Community based policing is the idea that the role of the police is not that of catching 'bad guys,' but more that of serving the public. In order for community based policing to have an effect, the presence of crime isn?t needed, in fact it?s often more effective without the involvement of crime, ?Modern police departments are frequently called upon to help citizens resolve a vast array of personal problems--many of which involve no law-breaking activity? (Schmalleger). The role of the police officer in community based policing, is to have an active part in the community. This can be something as simple as stopping in at a school just to talk to the kids, or...
Community oriented policing has been around for over 30 years, and promotes and supports organizational strategies to address the causes, and reduce the fear of crime and social disorder through problem solving tactics. The way community policing works is it requires the police and citizens to work together to increase safety for the public. Each community policing program is different depending on the needs of the community. There have been five consistent key elements of an effective community oriented policing program: Adopting community service as the overarching philosophy of the organization, making an institutional commitment to community policing that is internalized throughout the command structure, emphasizing geographically decentralized models of policing that stress services tailored to the needs of individual communities rather than a one-size-fits-all approach for the entire jurisdiction, empowering citizens to act in partnership with the police on issues of crime and more broadly defined social problems, for example, quality-of-life issues, and using problem-oriented or problem-solving approaches involving police personnel working with community members. Community oriented policing has improved the public’s perception of the police in a huge way. Community policing builds more relationships with the
From this Community Police Consortium, the BJA put together a report titled Understanding Community Policing, A Framework for Action, which focused on developing a conceptual framework for community policing and assisting agencies in implementing community policing. The basis for this consortium was much more direct than the previous efforts set forth by Presidential Commissions during the 1960’s and 1970’s, and led to what became known as the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS, Title 1 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994). The core components outlined in the BJA report listed the two complementary core components to community policing: community partnership and problem solving. The report further stated that effective community policing depends on positive contact between patrol officers and community members, establishing and maintaining mutual trust as the primary goal of a community partnership, and police and community must join together to encourage and preserve peace and prosperity. While these are just a few of the recommendations listed in the report, there were many more that set forth the framework for community policing, but these were the core components.
Over the last decade, police departments have increasingly embraced the community oriented policing model (Breci & Erickson, 1998). Community oriented policing is proactive instead of reactionary. It is “based on the philosophy that the police and the community work together to solve problems” (Breci & Erickson, 1998, p.18). “A Police department must be pro-active, reaching out to a community with whom it will work” (Thayer & Reynolds, 1997, p.2). In their 1998 article in the June edition of the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, Breci and Erickson identify several principles associated with community policing. Officers must be given the discretion and authority to solve problems instead of passing them up the chain of command in the military model. The police department and community organizations must establish partnerships recognizing that the police by themselves cannot solve all problems. Officers must be relieved of other duties so that they have time to interact with...
Community policing is the philosophy that promotes strategies that support the use of partnerships and problem- solving techniques that are proactively address conditions to rise public safety issues like fear of crime, social disorder, and crime. There are three components to community policing, they are community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving. The four elements of community policing are community involvement, problem solving, a community base, and redefined goals for the police.
Community policing is a policy and a strategy aimed at achieving more effective and efficient crime control, reduced fear of crime, improved quality of life, improved police services and police legitimacy, through a proactive reliance on community resources that seeks to change crime causing conditions. This assumes a need for greater accountability of police, greater public share in decision-making and greater concern for civil rights and liberties.
Community policing is being proactive in the community. It is a new philosophy of professional law enforcement, which encompasses public relations campaigns, shop-front and mini police stations, rescaled patrol beats, liaisons with ethnic groups, permission for the rank and file to speak to the press, neighborhood watch, foot patrols, patrol-detective teams, and door- to-door visits by police officers (de Guzman, 2013). It is about the police and the community working
Community policing is predicated upon a strong relationship with the community and public at large. The aim is to form strong ties between members of the community and the police, in efforts at reducing crime. This does not mean that the police are no longer in authority or have relinquished their duties to protect and serve. It does mean, however, that the expertise and resources that are found within the communities will be of great assistance to the police in carrying out their duties. "All local government officials, social agencies, schools, church groups, business people—all those who work and live in the community and have a stake in its development—will share responsibility for finding workable solutions to problems that detract from the safety and security of the community" (Bureau of Justice Assistance 1994, p. 13).
Community policing has faced challenges in measuring the effectiveness of its strategies. Community policing has led to officers making fewer arrest (Mastrofski et al., 1995). Some people may see this as a positive thing, but critics of community policing may see this as a fault. Many officers are evaluated on how many criminals they get off the streets and the fact that less arrests are made by community policing officers can be a reason for skepticism. When it comes to serving the public with non-crime fighting services, community policing officers and regular officers seem not to have any difference in positive interaction of the people in the community, dealing with problems that citizens have, or doing order maintenance (Snipes, 2002).
Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime.