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Women in renaissance
Theater elizabethan women roles
Female gender roles in the theatre in the Elizabethan era
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“Comic laughter comes out of our awareness of the act of living, an awareness that is distinctly human” (Longman 9). Comedy has been and will be a major part of our society in terms of entertainment, conversation and in many other aspects of our lives. It is something that is inevitable and allows us as humans to communicate. The journey that comedy has made throughout the years has not been an easy one, especially for women. You think about comedic characters in movies, plays and television today and immediately there are many women who come to mind. Unfortunately this was not always the case for women in theatre. Commedia Dell'arte was first seen and used in Italy, and it influences both visual and performing art forms throughout different …show more content…
This was in contrast to their rights to perform as women in plays performed in companies throughout Europe. The fact that women were not allowed to perform except in commedia makes this art form very special and crucial for the development of comedy. Robert Henke argues that “it was women who added lyrical and literary dimensions to the form” and without their contribution the troupes would not have succeeded far into their futures. (Schmitt 56) There of course was some fear that using women was not the strongest choice for the companies etc. and there is research that shows they have not been favored in performance aspects in the past and currently. In one of the articles there is a “discussion of female actresses in commedia dell'arte that reflects much of the same ambivalence towards female speech and song that has been so fruitfully considered by opera historians” (Heller 609). This study focused on the role of women in opera during the 16th century, but also described how women played a large role in the formation of commedia dell’arte. One of the main points found was “there is an uncontested prominence of the female actresses within these commedia dell'arte troupes…the traditional strictures against female performers-in does not seem to have been equaled by subsequent generations of operatic prima donnas” (Heller 609). This was essentially discussing how women have defied the popular …show more content…
Although women were once overlooked in the performing arts, as time went on their opportunities changed for the better. They were slowly integrated into this improvisational style comedy and that is what developed into women on stage in plays. Commedia Dell’arte was not only prevalent in the role of women in theatre, but in the role of theatre to our society. Without it, theatre and comedy would not have any of the aspects that allow for society to enjoy them from an entertainment perspective. This specific art form has been the building block for most styles of comedy that are seen today, and will continue to surface in research of those interested when theatre, television and visual arts look for guidance on how to perform comedic
According to Aristotle, “Comedy can be any colloquy or performance generally intended to amuse or stimulate laughter”. In modern times, comedy can be found in different forms, such as television, movies, theatres and stand-up comedy.
For as long as there have been jokes, there have been people saying that women can’t tell them. For over a century figures in popular culture have publicly peddled this claim of misconception. In 1884 Richard Grant White, one of the most powerful cultural critics of the 19th century, wrote, “a sense of humor is the rarest qualities in a women”, to Jerry Lewis in 1998 stating he “cannot sit and watch a lady diminish her qualities to the lowest common denominator”, and more recently in 2012 Adam Carolla, arguing, “The Reason why you know more funny dudes than funny chicks is that dudes are funnier than chicks” (Moss). If there is anything that can put these men in their place it is the cinematic success of Paul Feig’s 2011 film Bridesmaids. Since its release, the film has been nominated for 24 different awards, won 6, and has generated over $288 million in sales worldwide, making it the highest-grossing-R-rated female comedy of all time (Buckley 5). Bridesmaids, thus, represents how the symbol of women in the space of cinema is being challenged and changed.
Another point I would like to make is how clever the author was in his time. He used women as the focus point of the play to make the audience members think about the woman’s social situation in society. He was able to get away with it because he is a man and the fact that the play was written during the war.
Steve Almond’s “Funny is the New Deep” talks of the role that comedy has in our current society, and most certainly, it plays a huge role here. Namely, through what Almond [Aristotle?] calls the “comic impulse”, we as a people can speak of topics that would otherwise make many of uncomfortable. Almond deems the comic impulse as the most surefire way to keep heavy situations from becoming too foreboding. The comic impulse itself stems from our ability and unconscious need to defend and thus contend with the feeling of tragedy. As such, instead of rather forcing out humor, he implies that humor is something that is not consciously forced out from an author, but instead is more of a subconscious entity, coming out on its own. Almond emphasizes
Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is a comedy that has been interpreted in different ways, enabling one to receive multiple experiences of the same story. Due to the content and themes of the play, it can be creatively challenging to producers and their casting strategies. Instead of being a hindrance, I find the ability for one to experiment exciting as people try to discover strategies that best represent entertainment for the audience, as well as the best ways to interpret Shakespeare’s work.
For this reason, humor holds the capability to bring people together and lead to something, like change. Mary O’Hara writes “[comedy provides] a counterbalance to bigotry and prejudice” (O’Hara 106) to prove that humor can do more than make someone laugh, but to reinforce the truth. Humor is a natural human behavior that allows people to escape the mundane, laugh at themselves and also the world around them. O’Hara also writes that “comedy can have a profound impact on how we feel, and even how we act” (O’Hara 110). If humor can change the way we think and act, then it consequently has the ability to bring forth social
Humor, as a creative effort, has been respected throughout the world, I’m sure, since the beginning of spoken language. There is nothing in the world like conjuring up a joke or some other anecdote that sends a group of people off into a fit of laughter. In fact, throughout time, people have attempted to make humor at least some part of their professional career. Court jesters made the royalty of the castle laugh at his foolish behavior. Playwrights have included humor in their tragic works to provide some comedic relief from all of the terribly sad events. Today is no different. The sheer number of careers available for those interested in making people laugh for a living reflects our society’s great appreciation for novel humor. Comedians, book writers, columnists, actors, television and movie writers, cartoonists, and musicians all attempt to add some laughter to peoples’ lives on a daily basis.
many more. This was purposefully done in an attempt to make the audience relate to a certain character. In doing so, they could imagine that they were indeed a part of the play to some extent. As a result, these characters have significant religious meanings and serve as a form of inspiration to other women. This would mainly apply to those women who were in attendance. This would include women of all classes that simply wanted to watch a play.
If we are to assume, as Richard Levin speculates, that women were in the audiences of many Renaissance plays, it is then highly possible that feminine stage images were affected by their presence(165). Likewise, the issues represented by these images would have been constructed to take these women into account in order to satisfy them as paying customers. Levin offers only a "tentative hypothesis on the incorporation of feminine sentiment into Renaissance drama. Considering that Shakespeare and his contemporaries produced in a period where doctrines such as "An Homily on the State of Matrimony" and Juan Luis Vives' _The Instruction of a Christian Woman_ were used to define the nature of women, the chances of art imitating life was very likely.
To an actress like Melissa McCarthy, her power comes from the ability to make the audience laugh. Women have had to deal with coming in second best to men for years now. For a woman to step foot into a male-dominated genre such as comedy can put an immense amount of pressure on her shoulders, not to mention the risk of failing. Not only do women in comedy have to deal with pressure from the industry, as previously mentioned, they are also burdened with the judgement of their male peers. Comedian Jerry Lewis once expressed his discontent with female comedians stating, “he has trouble with the notion of would-be mothers as comedians” (Coyle).
Originally, kabuki used to involve both male and female actors and was popular among common people.. However, later during the Edo Period, Tokugawa Shogunate restricted women to participate. Since then, all the actors are played by men, a tradition that has remained till present day. Therefore, there are male actors that specialize in playing female role
This is to be expected in a society that did not even permit women to perform in theaters, so men played the women’s roles. Women were not allowed to perform on stage until 1660 when Charles II took the throne and the Restoration occurred (Nestvold). Hence, women are often restricted by husbands or fathers, like Juliet who was controlled by her father in Romeo and Juliet, or women are victimized by men and not in control of their own fate, like Desdemona who dies at the hands of Othello in Othello.
Women were prohibited because many of the performers were cheap mistresses outside of the theater and because of fights among the actresses' courters (Graves 378, Johnson 1). The government thought this set a bad example and proclaimed that only men could perform kabuki. The restriction of females performing kabuki was a positive strategy because it stressed the significance of talent instead of attractiveness. In addition it emphasized acting instead of dancing (Johnson 1). Along with the ban also came the introduction of onnagata performers, or males that portrayed ladies. (Graves 378)
If there is one way to bring a smile to someone’s face, it is laughter. Funny jokes, comical stunts, sarcasm- Every person is different when it comes to what makes them laugh. Some find dry humor comical. Others think sarcasm or joke-filled ranting are the best. ‘Comedy’ is such a broad term, broad enough to allow everyone to find something they find comical. In fact, ‘comedy’ includes a specific type of drama, one where the protagonist is joyful and happy endings are expected. Comedy is like a drug; it allows you to escape reality. When we say the word ‘comedy’ in the present, we are generally referring to a type of performance which provides humor. However, in its broadest sense, comedy has only one purpose: comedy makes people smile and
Humor has been the source of entertainment throughout history. Today humor is practiced in movies, plays, songs, television shows and radio. Humor has brought fame and fortune to those who have mastered its power.