Colon Cancer would have to be one of the many cancers that Americans suffer today in the twenty-first century. Not only are Americans suffering form Colon cancer, but everyone in the whole world as well. It is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women combined in the US according to Colon Cancer Alliance. Just in the USA The American Cancer Society estimates 136,830 people will be diagnosed in 2014 and 50,310 will die from colon cancer in the United States. That is an unbelievable large amount of people dying because of this cancer. Colon cancer is also known as Colorectal cancer, this process occurs in the rectum/colon area. It starts in the large intestine, the lower part of your digestive system. Most of colon cancers develop first as colorectal polyps, which are abnormal growths inside the colon that can maybe turn cancerous.
Colon Cancer is also one of the most typical inherited cancer syndromes known. This means that its been passed down in several generations of a family. There are several gene mutations that cause this cancer, which allows it to be passed down to your family members. The two known inherited colorectal cancer syndromes are hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) also known as Lynch syndrome. The second one is familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Both of these can affect male or female, and the children of people who carry these have a 50% chance of inheriting the disease-causing gene.
Lynch syndrome (HNPCC), a change/mutation in certain genes which may allow the formation of small growths of tissue called polyps. These polyps are normally not cancerous, but the ones mostly seen in the Lynch syndrome are called adenoma, which...
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...there are many stages of colon cancer. Stage 0 is very early cancer on the innermost layer of the intestine. Stage 1 the cancer is in the inner layer of the colon. Stage 2 the cancer has spread through the muscle wall of the colon. Stage 3 the cancer has advanced and spread to the lymph nodes. The last stage is 4 and the cancer has spread to the organs outside the colon.
There are treatments but it all depends on the stage the colon cancer is in. For stage 0 surgery is appropriate. It is done by using colonoscopy. For all other stages colon resection is done. Chemotherapy is done to patients that have stage 3 colon cancer after surgery for a good six to eight months.
Works Cited
Work Cite: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22218/ http://www.ccalliance.org/genetics/index.html
http://www.webmd.com/colorectal-cancer/guide/inherited-colorectal-cancer
Cancer is one of the 9 National Health Priority Areas (NHPA), areas which account for a significant portion of the burden of disease, but have sizeable potential for improvement. In Australia, CRC is the second most common cancer, after prostate (in men) and breast cancer (in women) (AIHW, Cancer incidence projections). The incidence has gradually increased (by 13% in males from 1982-2007) (AIHW, Cancer in Australia an overview). This is compounded by the ageing population and population growth, with 14,860 new cases in 2010 (http://www.cancer.org.au/about-cancer/types-of-cancer/bowel-cancer). This graph demonstrates this upward trend ((AIHW, Cancer incidence projections):
Colorectal cancer, or CRC, affects African American men and women more than Caucasians, at a rate 20% higher. This is concerning when faced with the mortality rates among African Americans, 28% higher for women and 14% higher for men than for Whites. African Americans are also more likely to be in later stages of the disease when diagnosed. There is a need to study and evaluate why these factors exist, as proper screening and early diagnosis can severely impact survival rates for CRC. One study attempts to find the solution through testing, however, this study slightly discredits itself along the way.
In contrast to the inward growth of a polyp, a true cancer can grow inward toward the hollow part of the colon or rectum, and/or outward through the wall of these organs. If not treated, cells from the tumor may break away and spread through the bloodstream or lymph system to other parts of the body. There, they can form "colony" tumors. This process is called metastasis.
Colon cancer develops in the part of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs water and minerals before waste products are disposed via the rectum. In women endometrial cancer is related to colon cancer. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death due to cancer in the United States. Over one-hundred fifty thousand individuals will be diagnosed this year and this cancer will probably be responsible for about 47,900 deaths in 1999 (http://www.cancer.org). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas that develop from the glandular cells. Ninety percent of all colon cancer cases will develop in individuals after 50 years of age. Ninety percent of all tumors arise from polyps that are commonly found in people older than 50. Prevention includes regular exercise and a diet high in fiber. The most important risk factor is age. Medical screening includes a yearly blood occult test after age 50 and a colonoscopy every 3 years after age 50. Regular screening detects polyps that have become precancerous. If regular screening is not done, the cancer is not detected until blood is found in the...
Colon Cancer is cancer of the colon, or large intestine. Rectal cancer is cancer of the last few inches of the colon. Together, they're often referred to as colorectal cancers. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small, harmless clumps of cells called polyps. Over time some of these abnormal growths may become colon cancers. Polyps may be small and produce few, signs of sickness. Because of this, doctors recommend regular screening tests to help prevent colon cancer.
Each stage is characterized by an A, B, or C letter, depending on the degree to which the symptoms present themselves. The differences in each stage are as follows: stage 1 is when the cancer is either found in one ovary or both, stage 2 the tumor is found in one or both ovaries and extends to other pelvic structures, stage 3 the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen or to the lymph nodes and finally in stage 4 the cancer has spread to other organs in the body including the liver or lungs (Ovarian Cancer National Alliance). Cancer is “staged” by taking a sample of the infected tissue surgically and sending it to a lab for examination. Staging is crucial in order for medical professionals to determine which course of treatment would be the most effective for the given patient. If misdiagnosed, an entire area affected by this disease could potentially be missed and left untreated.
Wehbi, Mohammad, and John M. Carethers. “Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.” : Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology. N.p., 6 Mar. 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.
Colorectal cancer refers to colon or rectal cancer. Most colorectal cancers are of glandular origin and hence can be classified as adenocarcinomas. It can also be called bowel cancer and is the third most common type of cancer in the world with 45 out of 100,000 people suffering from the same according to The National Institute of Cancer statistics as of 2013. These two types of cancers are significantly similar in their genomic mutations and also bear symptomatic semblance [1]. Colorectal cancer is characterized by tumors that form in the tissues of the colon or the rectum. Like tumors in general, these too are a formed as a result of abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells. The causes of colorectal cancer are mostly unknown although it may be inherited or genetically unrelated [2].
Colon cancer, also referred to as colorectal cancer, is a cancer of the colon or the rectum. Colon cancer is the third leading cause of death in both men and women and is the third most common malignancy in the United States (Kim). The following will discuss how colon cancer develops, signs and symptoms, causes, and clinical tests used to detect the disease. Prognosis, prevention, and treatment options will also be discussed.
Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Every four minutes a person is diagnosed and every nine minutes someone dies. People with a first-degree relative such as a parent, sibling, or child who has colon cancer are between two to three times more the risk of developing the cancer than those without a family history. The five- year survival rate for colon cancer found at a local stage is 90%. The five- year survival rate for colon cancer at the regional stage is 70%. The five- year survival rate for colon cancer found at the distant stage is 12%. Ninety % of new cases and 95% of deaths from colon cancer are in people 50 years of age or older. Colon Cancer has many symptoms, stages, and also treatments. (Roger W. Harms)
The type of cancer that I chose to discuss is “Liver Cancer”. Cancer start when our cells in our body increase out of control affecting our liver. The liver is located under our right ribs beneath our right lung, the Liver is one of the biggest internal organ in our body, without our liver we cannot live. There are many jobs that our liver does for example:
In the United States, the disease is not so common, but is quite fatal due to the unawareness of disease and the lack of early screening programs, leading to a late diagnosis, In other countries, such as Japan, Chile, and Iceland, where the disease is much more common, early screening programs are well implemented and the cancers are detected early enough to be treated (Livstone, Merck Manuals Consumer Version). Stomach cancer is much more common among blacks, Hispanics, and American Indians in comparison to other races or ethnicities. Those who are 50 years or older are more at risk of forming the disease as 75% of stomach cancer cases are within that age group (Livstone, Merck Manuals Professional Edition). Stomach cancer is also more prominent in men than women. In addition, those who smoke, have high salt diets, or have had the Helicobacter pylori infection or gastric polyps are more at risk (American Cancer
One cause of brain cancer is a genetic mutation in a human’s DNA. Like all cancers, brain cancer is caused by a lump of cells called a tumor (Freedman 3). These tumors are caused by a mutation in a cell’s DNA that causes it to reproduced at an increased rate (Freedman 3). As the cells reproduce faster than they die it forms a clump of cells, or a tumor, which ultimately leads to cancer(Freedman 3). If the tumor goes undetected for a prolonged period of time it can spread to other parts of the brain and the body (Freedman 4). Therefore, one of the causes of brain cancer is a tumor located in any part of the brain. Next, other cancers can be caused by unhealthy habits such as smoking or drinking, brain canc...
Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer among men and women in the United States with an estimated account for 8-9% of cancer deaths (Dong et al, 2009). Despite screenings and
It is normal for people with colon cancer to experience no symptoms in the early stages of it, but when the cancer grows, people experience symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, changes in stool consistency, narrow stools, rectal bleeding, blood in the stool, pain during bowel movement, continual urges to defecate, weakness, fatigue, unexplained weight loss, irritable bowel syndrome, and iron deficiency. If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, other symptoms can be experienced in the newly affected area, but the symptoms depend on which part of the body the cancer has spread