Cognitive Development Of Piaget And Vygotsky's Stages For Children

During my volunteering process i noticed some 4 year olds with ADHD. Prior to volunteering i was told that they can sometimes be out of hand and that they need more attention then other kids. While they all appear to be a bright childen, their actions in the classroom are interesting. While the class is sitting in a circle listening to stories, the children are unable to sit for any significant period of time. They will get up and wander around the room and when told to rejoin the group, they have a look on their face of total bewilderment. It is not unusual for them to hum outloud, suck on the corner of their shirt and or talk at inappropriate times. It is normal for children to have trouble behaving and focusing from time to time, however

The stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The phase that applies to these children at the age of 4 years old is the preoperational stage, which covers approximately ages 2 to 7 years old. During this stage, “ preschool children use symbols to represent their earlier sensorimotor discoveries,” (Berk, 2010) and the use of language. In this preoperational stage, children do not yet understand concrete logic, and cannot mentally manipulate information . Piaget and Vygotsky had different ways to explain cognitive development. Piaget’s roots were in biology and the evolutionary adaptation of humans, and Vygotsky in theory that focus on how people transform their world rather than adapt to it (Vianna, 2006). Vygotsky focused on the importance on the psychosocial aspect of cognitive development. Piaget believed cognition was a result of the of the child 's maturity. Vygotsky felt that learning was only as strong and powerful as the environment surrounding the child. Piaget’s felt that one stage of devlopment must be completed prior to moving forward, whereas Vygotsky’s cognitive development perspective has little dependence on time, but more emphasize on social

When drawing, they had the tendency to draw outside of the lines. When they acutally concentrated though they would be able to stay in the lines quite well.. Based on their abilitys, according to Piaget, their cognitive devlopment, is in the middle of the preoperational stage. They display egocentric thought which is a common characteristic amongst pre-schoolers. An example of what i saw with the preschoolers is when they were playing with other children in her classroom she wanted a doll that another child had. Instead of asking for the doll, they would just grabbed it out of the other child 's hand, even though the other chid would not give it up willining. Piaget 's theory of cognitive development is based on the fact that children want to play. This is universal across the world, regardless of the child 's environment and soci-economic status. They have a natural instinct to play, learn,and be curious about the world that live in. Children, also learn through play. For example, a particular day was designated at "yellow day" at the day care center. It is not necessary to sit the children down and try to teach them in a very confined space what the color yellow looks like. Instead, the teacher uses play as an opportunity for learning. At this young age, it is an accomplishment just to sit in a circle and await your turn, without disrupting the class. The teacher 's goal for this task was