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Government's role in the economy
An abstract on market failure
The role of government in the economy
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The government job is to have the people best interests in their mind, they have to make sure that the taxpayer money are being distributes fairly and that the economy is good. There are many example of a market being seen in education and the government interference in agricultural, which can help explain the concepts of efficiency, equity and market failure. In Cocktail Economic Party By Adomait and Maranta demonstrates several of these key concept and gives examples in which is circuital in understanding economics.
“The freedom to buy and sell leads to economics efficiency” (pg. 111). Efficiency is an important concept to understand where the people have the free choice if they want to go to the market and if they want to buy something;
From classroom to a cocktail party, having knowledge in today’s economics is definitely an asset when it comes surviving in the world of business. Cocktail Party Economics, by Eveline Adomait, and Richard Maranta undeniably satisfies as an economic training book, helping you understand the concepts of basic economics. The book brings to light many theories and thoughts, which are explained in a certain way that help readers easily, compare and relate them to each other. During the first couple chapters of the book, the main theories presented are scarcity, value, opportunity cost, production, and absolute/comparative advantage. Believe it or not, all of these theories are relatable to Supply and Demand; the two concepts introduced in chapters six and seven.
Lindblom poses that the market entraps government because it fears the fall out of poor market function and the unemployment that it would create. The officials understand that the economy, at a basic level, is something that everyone can understand and that when it is doing poorly, they are in danger of losing their “privileged position”. According to Lindblom,
The government plays a vital role in making business policies. For example, the UK government in 2014 budget the government has introduced a rise of 40% in the tax. As a consequence, the lending interest rate falls but the taxation is still high. Since 2010, the growth of GDP in UK was at -11% and by 2013, the GDP growth was at -6.6%, this is a good indication though it is at slowest rate.
The first point that Rodrik makes is that markets are limited by the scope of governance or regulation. He argues that markets and governments are most effective when they are operating in accordance with one another. This theory seems to stem from a theory earlier developed by the famous economist Adam Smith, which was that “the division of labor is limited by the extent of the market.” Rodrik expands on this theory by saying that not only is labor limited by the market, but that markets are limited by government.
ECONOMY: Economy as the first pillar mainly concerns with the allocation of scarce resources for optimum development. It involves the combination of available resources in their right proportions for the provision of goods and services. It is the careful use of resources and it involves the best combination of resources for optimum result. In public administration it is expected that quality public service be provided at the least possible cost. Public officials therefore must figure out how to provide services required by the people at the lowest cost through cost saving mechanisms while still maintaining quality. The employment of economics in the public sector ensures that resource usage is optimized and not wasted as usually happens in the public sector. Another dimension is to look at economy in terms of the deployment of resources in order to achieve the optimal benefit from them.
The first principle in individual decision-making is facing a trade-off. In order for individuals to accomplish their goals or to obtain something they desire, there is usually something that must be given up or traded to accomplish that. In Chapter 1 Principles of Economics, efficiency vs. equity is discussed which helps further explain this principle. Society is always desiring to obtain the most for their money; getting the best they can. This is called efficiency. While trying to get the most out of our everyday decisions, we must also consider equity and making sure that the economic prosperity of our decisions is fairly distributed.
Today, more than ever, there is great debate over politics and which economic system works the best. How needs and wants should be allocated, and who should do the allocating, is one of the most highly debated topics in our current society. Be it communist dictators defending a command economy, free market conservatives defending a market economy, or European liberals defending socialism, everyone has an opinion. While all systems have flaws and merits, it must be decided which system is the best for all citizens. When looking at the financial well being of all citizens, it is clear that market economies fall short on ensuring that the basic needs of all citizens are met.
Market efficiency signifies how “quickly and accurately” does relevant information have its effect on the asset prices. Depending upon the degree of efficiency of a market or a sector thereof, the return earned by an investor will vary from the normal return.
The word “efficiency”, in economists’ dictionary, is often interpreted into the degree of an economy allocates scarce resources to meet the needs and wants of consumers. As we can see that a free market economy is the one in which resources are allocated based on the principle of self-interests. Where there are profits, there are firms, and where there are firms to produce identical goods and services, inevitably, there is competition. The degree of competition determines the market structure which is the main determinant of the behaviour or conduct of firms. This in turn determines the efficiency in the use of scarce resources. It is often argued that competition leads to a more efficient use of resources. I agree with the statement, but not totally. In my opinion, competition would lead to efficiency and best use of resource by encouraging firms to improve productivity, to reduce price and to innovate, but in certain industries, particularly industries where the impact of economies of scale is distinctive, for example industries with great indivisibilities, monopoly is more favourable.
Over all the appropriate role of government has always been an argument discussing whether it is actually helping our economy or is the government gaining too much power over the markets. However the economy could not prosper without the actions imposed to assist in diffusing the power over the markets and regulating as well as enforcing the law in order for things to done in a beneficial way to both the consumers and the markets.
The role of a Government plays a crucial role in its nation economic market, ensuring macroeconomic stability and planning long term plan is the fundamental requirement for the nation growth. Macroeconomic sum up the nation income, output performance and global economies.
Efficiency is highly prized in a culture turned toward productivity. It is therefore cultivated in contemporary business administration theories. It also tends to be prized above all other values in modern society, as society is more and more oriented toward technological advancement. Efficiency is also defined here as the most economic or the shortest or fastest or most simple way of realizing or achieving a goal with the least cost.
A competitive market is important because no single supplier or no single consumer determines how the market is going to operate. Government policies ensures an efficient and legal competitions between firms, which leads to an economic growth. The key factor here is if policies that governments estipulate are enough strong to maintain this fairness. People are free to choose where to invest their money, where to buy what they need. And countries have the ability to exchange products and services with other countries if it causes an improvement of the
-Missing markets: for example traffic light or street lights which are called public goods, they have non rivalry means when someone consumes the good will not reduce the quantity available for others and non excludability which means when the good is provided for one anyone can use it and can not be stopped from using it which creates the free rider problem when every one want to use the product but will wait for someone to pay for it so they could use it for free at the end no one buys that product and will be missed in the market so the government must interfere and pay for it.
Therefore a free market is not desirable as maximizing their utility is priority. So government is expected to correct the market failure by choosing to char...