About thirty years ago, Clive Wearing was a normal British musicologist who had the normal memory that we all sometimes take for granted. In March of 1985, Wearing was diagnosed with the Herpesvirus encephalitis. This is a condition that causes the herpes virus to infect the central nervous system which lead surgeons with the option of removing his hippocampus. As a result, Wearing became unable to create any new memories and even control his emotions since he contracted the condition. Now, Wearing cannot remember anything that has happened since his surgery or anything that has happened within seconds of him experiencing it. Fortunately, Clive Wearing is able to recall some of his memories that he has had before the condition. For example, …show more content…
A study such as this is a great contribution to the study of the cognitive process because this realistic case is not able to be ethically produced in a laboratory setting. Since this is a real life study, the results are also more valid because the results are based on real observations and interviews that are not affected by other influences. In better understanding the sematic memory or most commonly known as the long term memory Wearing’s condition opened doors that help psychologist figure out how important it has an effect on everyday life. With long term memory, we are able to remember the events that we are emotionally tied to for long extents at a time. Wearing does not have much of a sematic memory, however, the love for his wife is something he still remembers even though he cannot remember what she tells him. Because his love for her is such a strong emotion he is able to remember her more because his emotion ties into his sematic memory. He also has emotional ties with music, Wearing loved music and perused a career in music he is still able to sight read and play music. Even though these were things he knew how to do before the surgery he was tied to these things emotionally which is part of the reason why he remembers these things so
...could be greatly improved by depicting some patients having forgotten who they are. In one study, it suggests that “short –term memory loss is common but underestimated because psychiatric symptoms and speech problems often interfere with the assessment of memory.
Hippocampus is a small, curved region, which exists in both hemispheres of the brain and plays a vital role in emotions, learning and acquisition of new information. It also contributes majorly to long term memory, which is permanent information stored in the brain. Although long term memory is the last information that can be forgotten, its impairment has become very common nowadays. The dysfunction is exemplified by many neurological disorders such as amnesia. There are two types of amnesia, anterograde and retrograde. Anterograde amnesia is inability in forming new information, while retrograde refers to the loss of the past memory. As suggested by Cipolotti and Bird (2006), hippocampus’s lesions are responsible for both types of amnesia. According to multiple trace theory, the author suggests that hippocampal region plays a major role in effective retrieving of episodic memory (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). For example, patients with hippocampal damage show extensively ungraded retrograde amnesia (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). They have a difficult time in retrieving information from their non-personal episodic events and autobiographical memory. However, this theory conflicts with standard model of consolidation. The difference between these theories suggests that researchers need to do more work to solve this controversy. Besides retrieving information, hippocampus is also important in obtaining new semantic information, as well as familiarity and recollection (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). For instance, hippocampal amnesic patient V.C shows in ability to acquire new semantic knowledge such as vocabularies and factual concepts (Cipolotti and Bird, 2006). He is also unable to recognize and recall even...
His tumor had caused so much damage to his temporal lobes that he could not register new events but had recollection events prior to the damage. This loss of memory is known as amnesia. Two types of amnesia exist. Anterograde amnesia causes the loss of memory after the point of damage. Retrograde amnesia occurs when one cannot remember events prior to the point of injury. In the case of Greg, he has the latter (Neulinger
The false memory and recovered memory literature is marked by controversy. It examines the phenomenon a variety of patients have exhibited: purportedly “losing” memories of trauma, only to recover them later in life (Gavlick, 2001). In these cases, temporary memory loss is attributed to psychological causes (i.e. a traumatic event) rather than known damage to the brain (Gavlick, 2001). While some assert that the creation of false memories through therapeutic practice is a serious concern and founded associations like the False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF) in the U.S. and the British False Memory Society (BFMS) in order to advocate against psychological malpractice, other researchers contend that the evidence for “false memory syndrome,” or the recovery of untrue memories, is weak (Brewin & Andrews, 1998; Pope, 1996). The debate arose largely in the 1990s, though a consensus in the literature still has not been reached.
They discover that his hippocampus and some frontal regions of the brain has been damaged by the herpes simplex encephalitis (Dolores, 2013). Therefor, they summarize that the reason of why Clive suffer in the Amnesia are caused by the hippocampus is not effected. The Hippocampus is a structure that located inside in the temporal lobe, and that is a part of the limbic system. The function of Hippocampus is similar to a post office used for encoding, storage and recalling memories, all presenting information would first remain, analysis and encoded in the Hippocampus then transmit them to different areas of the brain. In other word, Clive cannot able to encode memory and held information which is currently aware, and difficult to forming new long-term memory such as explicit and semantic memory in his life. Clive Wearing now 78 years old already, he still cannot recover from the anterograde amnesia, he becomes a man who has the shortest memory in the world. His daily life has been influenced by his memory problem completely, he can remember his wife and play piano, however, he expresses surprise and exciting when his wife leave him about few second. Herpes simplex encephalitis also destroyed his frontal regions, that cause him have a poor emotional processing. He often gets angry and not able to cope with his emotional expression, especially when he senses that he is forgetting something again.
There are many examples of published research that considers this phenomenon. Lenny’s predicament is like the case of patient HM explored in Corkin (2002). This man suffered from intractable epileptic seizures in the Media temporal lobe. To reduce his epilepsy surgeons removed part of the brain, losing two thirds of his hippocampus which is critical for the formation on new memories. Like Lenny patient HM wakes everyday with no memory of the previous day but sustained his older memories before his operation (Corkin,
Bryan Willey Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s is a progressive, degenerative disease of the brain and individuals with the disease suffer from many symptoms such as memory loss, agitation, impaired judgment, and difficulty communicating with others. The different lobes affected include the parietal lobe which deals with language, temporal lobe which deals with memory and frontal lobe which deals with behavior and judgment. The specific type of memory loss that an Alzheimer’s patient deals with is declarative memory. Declarative memory is remembrance of facts such as people’s names, what their faces look like and important dates from our past (Marieb and Hoehn 2013). The formation of these memories can only happen when the temporal lobe or more specifically the hippocampus are able to receive acetylcholine inputs.
Any attempts to deal with brain and human memory brings up ethical questions. Brain surgery and high-risk come hand-in-hand. Even the smallest of mistakes in brain surgery can often lead to casualties with people encountering disabilities like problems with speech, vision, coordination, coma and perhaps even death. With this in mind, a person is forced to rethink the idea of getting a brain surgery a hundred times. There is also the aspect this technology being misused. This system in the hand of an ill-minded person can lead to a huge disaster that can lead to chips being implanted into a person’s mind that can perhaps control the person partly or
Understanding how the brain processes and stores memories has important implication. Dementia is a liberal term that refers to the decline and impairment of speech communication, abstract thought, memory and other cognitive functions. This cognitive disruption occurs to such an extent that they interfere with daily activities Dementia is not a disease itself. Instead, it depicts it describes a group of symptoms that frequently accompanies a disease or a condition. Although, it might initially seem disturbing to consider that half of the adult population will experience the symptoms of a mental disorder. Psychological symptoms without becoming completely debilitated and needing professional intervention most people clearly seem to manage
When I was 14, I was diagnosed with Epilepsy. After a grand mal seizure in July of 2013, my memory was damaged. I started to forget important dates, names, and faces. I didn’t think much of it at the time, but as I went into high school, I realized the way I was learning before no longer worked for me. I knew that I had to find a way to work with this new challenge. I had to adapt to a new style of taking notes, studying, and learning as a whole.
As brain systems begin working, memory also starts to work. (4). The aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid aforesaid afor I am intrigued by the fact that short-term memory can work independently of long-term memory. While long-term memory can be achieved through the repetition of a fact that is in the short-term memory, it appears that in amnesiac patients their long-term memory tends to return faster than their short-term memory. They can remember their favorite childhood food, but cannot remember why they are in the hospital.
“The Vow” is a movie that encases the turmoil and hardship associated with retrograde amnesia and the classic symptoms and steps associated with recovering and potentially regaining lost memory. Taking into account the information gained through multiple sources; such as, lecture of Mental Health, medical databases, and the personal experiences of Krickett Carpenter, the Vow provides both an accurate and inaccurate depiction of retrograde amnesia.
In the film, “The Man with the 7-Second Memory”, we are introduced to Clive Wearing who suffers from a rare and very severe form of amnesia.
Henry Molaison or known as HM contributes to the deep understanding of memory by previous scientists and until now. His case had been a huge research and discussions among the well known scientists during his time and these results in the study of memories. Henry Molaison is living with a severe epilepsy where he need to undergo a surgery as medications were no longer gave him effects for his disease. So, his surgeon William Beecher Scoville suction out both of his hippocampus and when he got recovered from the surgery, his doctor realised that, Henry was having amnesia and seek him for another doctor. What confusing the doctors is that, even though the surgery was a success where Henry seizures decreasing; he is now facing dense memory loss. Then, once it was realized that the hippocampus plays a crucial roles for memory; the surgery of removing hippocampus was then banned for all and this brings to deep study of memory and hippocampus.
Learning to tie shoes and ride a bike requires the encoding, storing, and retrieving of past observations of the procedure. With a lot of practice, children master these skills so well that they are able to remember them the rest of their lives. Memory is the storing of information over time. It is one of the most important concepts in learning; if things are not remembered, no learning can take place. As a process, memory refers to the "dynamic mechanism associated with the retention and retrieval of information about past experiences" (Sternberg 260). We use our memory about the past to help us understand the present. The study or memory in psychology is used in different ways, as well as there are many different ways to study how memory works in humans. In psychology there are many tasks used to measure memory, and different types of memory storages that human's use, such as sensory storing, or short term storing. There are also a lot of techniques that humans use to improve their memory, which they can use to learn, such as mnemonic devices. All these things can be classified as important issues in the study of human memory and ways of learning.