Case Study
Through analysis of the signs and symptoms provided in the case study it can be concluded that the patient is likely to have stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) also known as end stage renal failure (ESRF). During the patient’s initial medical examination she had severe hypertension as her blood pressure (BP) was 190/100 mmHg imposing a great risk to health. On examination a few weeks later the patients’ BP was still significantly raised at 185/95 mmHg. In accordance with NICE guidelines, the patient is classified as having stage 2 hypertension (NICE 2011). As the patient has persistently high BP the likely cause of the disease is essential hypertension.
As the patient was referred to a renal clinic kidney function should be
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Left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: its arrhythmogenic potential. Heart [online]. February, vol. 91, no. 2, pp.250-256 [viewed 22 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
KIDNEY DISEASE IMPROVING GLOBAL OUTCOMES., 2013. KDIGO 2012: Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease [online]. [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.kdigo.org
KIDNEY DISEASE IMPROVING GLOBAL OUTCOMES., 2009. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder [online]. [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.kdigo.org
KOBORI, H., MORI, H., MASAKI, T., and NISHIYAMA, A., 2013. Angiotensin II Blockade and Renal Protection. Current Pharmaceutical Design [online]. May, vol. 19, no. 17, pp.3033-3042 [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
KOURY, M. J., and HAASE, V. H., 2015. Anaemia in Kidney Disease: Harnessing Hypoxia Responses for Therapy. Nature [online]. June, vol. 11, pp. 394-410 [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.nature.com
KUMAR, P., and CLARK, M. L., 2012. Clinical Medicine. 8th ed. Edinburgh:
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Understanding Chronic Kidney Disease: A guide for the non-specialist [online]. M&K Update Ltd [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: https://books.google.co.uk
MORGADO. E., and NEVES. P. L., 2012. Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: Cause and Consequence – Therapeutic Considerations. Intechopen [online]. March [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://cdn.intechopen.com
MURPHREE, D., and THELEN, S. M., 2010. Chronic Kidney Disease in Primary Care. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine [online]. August, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 542-550 [viewed 22 February 2016]. Available from: http://www.jabfm.org/
NATIONAL KIDNEY FOUNDATION., 2000. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, Classification, and Stratification [online]. [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from: http://www2.kidney.org
NATIONAL KIDNEY FOUNDATION., 2004. Clinical Practice Guidelines on Hypertension and Antihypertensive Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease [online]. [viewed 20 February 2016]. Available from:
Kidney Care is comprised of U.S. dialysis and related lab services, ancillary services and strategic initiatives, including international operations and corporate administrative support. The U.S. dialysis and related lab services business is the largest line of business, which is a leading provider of kidney dialysis services in the U.S. for patients suffering from chronic kidney failure, also known as end stage renal disease (ESRD). The HCP division is a patient- and physician-focused integrated healthcare delivery and management company with over two decades of providing coordinated, outcomes-based medical care in a cost-effective manner ("DaVita Healthcare Partners 10-K Annual Report" 2015). STp(c) Segmentation, targeting, and positioning together comprise a three stage process.
4. Right Ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) – In a normal heart, the left ventricle has a rather thicker wall than the right due to the fact that it has to pump oxygenated blood to the body as opposed to the right ventricle which only needs to pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs. However, Tetralogy of Fallot causes an enlargement of the right ventricular muscle due to the pulmonary stenosis in the pulmonary
The article has been well organized and written. Mackay clearly states her rationale for writing the article and provides a valid reason to hold up her article with sources. Within the introduction section, the authors present worrying statistics of Americans affected by kidney disorders. Moreover, the author provides the disadvantages of dialysis with only Kidney transplantation being the only option. The author relates the topic to the readers...
Mcgrogan, A., Franssen, C. F. and De Vries, C. S. 2011. The incidence of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide: a systematic review of the literature. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 26 (2), pp. 414-430.
“We never stand still; we are never satisfied. Individually, and as teams, we constantly look at what we do, and ask, “How can we do this better?” Then, we use a systematic approach to take action.” (About DaVita Kidney Care)
DaVita is a for profit acute and chronic hemodialysis, peritoneal, and home hemodialysis provider operating internationally. Acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease affects millions of persons, with new diagnoses occurring each and every day. These diagnoses are typically exacerbated from the number one and number two causes of renal disease, which are diabetes and hypertension. Renal disease management requires a collaborative approach between healthcare providers, patients, and families. Outcomes are directly related to the decisions patients make outside of the healthcare setting. As healthcare professionals, it is imperative that patients and families are educated regarding the acute and chronic kidney disease, making healthy
Hypertension can be defined as a force exerted against the wall of blood vessels. However, high blood pressure occurs when there is high pressure at the time of ventricle contraction during the systolic phase against decrease contract during diastolic phase as the ventricles relax and refill. This can be recorded as systolic over diastolic in millimeters of mercury. (Wallymahmed, M. 2008).
It has also developed numerous courses that are intended to provide information and tools that may be needed to approach both significant nursing care and patient care issues. Given the scale of the population suffering with chronic kidney disease and the diversity of backgrounds in which patients are found, this curriculum may be of benefit to nurses caring for nephrology patients in many settings (ANNA, 2015). It supports, promotes among its members, and sponsors nursing research intended to develop evidence-based practice and to advance nursing science (ANNA, 2015). It strives to provide nurses with leadership opportunities, and encourages nurses to seize opportunities to advance and refine their leadership abilities (ANNA, 2015).
Stumpers S, Thomson N (2013) Review of kidney disease among Indigenous people, Australian Indigenous Health Info Net Viewed 14 may 2014, .
(5)Tolwani AJ,Gampbell RC,Stofan BS,Lai KR,Oster RA,Wille KM.Standard versus high dose CVVHDF for ICU-related acute renal failure.J Am soc Nephrol 2008;19:1233-8
To the majority of Americans, dialysis is a confusing process that they will hopefully never have endure, but for hundreds of thousands people, it is a daily fact of life. According to US News and World Report, “In the United States, almost 400,000 people undergo dialysis every year.” (Gordon, 2012, para. 4) Their lives revolve around receiving dialysis three days a week for three to four hours per treatment, usually at an outpatient clinic. While dialysis can prolong the end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients’ life, the three day a week trudge to this clinic can feel like and endless cycle of discomfort and inconvenience. Fortunately the ESRD patient has more than one option, namely, peritoneal dialysis.
The purpose of this paper is to take an in depth look at a renal diet which is designed for people suffering from certain kidney conditions. A renal diet can be described as a nutritional regime which is: “low in sodium, phosphorous and protein... [It] also promotes the importance of consuming high-quality protein and usually limits fluids. Some patients may also need to limit potassium and even calcium” (Nephcure). Throughout the course of this paper various aspects are addressed. these include: the role of the kidneys, the importance of professional guidance, the reasons why people follow a renal diet, monitoring sodium intake, monitoring potassium intake, monitoring phosphorus intake, protein consumption, and fluid control.
The need for kidney donations is very high, there are more than 0ne-hundred thousand patients on waiting lists. Out of this figure, at least five thousand people die waiting each year. For the patients that are fortunate to receive a kidney there wait time was anywhere between two to four and one-half years. During this wait period they suffer through dialysis treatments to stay alive. The traditional understanding was to only use a healthy kidney for transplants. With the need being so great a study team was formed at Yale to investigate the possibility of using a less healthy kidney; technical term, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). For the study The Program of Applied Translational
Chronic Kidney Disease. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2014. Web. 20 May 2014.
Chronic kidney disease is gradual loss of kidney function. Kidney disease is the 9th leading cause of death in the United States. An estimated 31 million people in the United States which is approximately 10% of the adult population have chronic kidney disease. Dietary fiber is the parts of plant foods your body can't digest or absorb. Dietary fiber has been shown to improve symptoms and laboratory values in people with chronic kidney disease.