Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Modern child development theorists
Impact of motivation on student academic achievement
Theory of child development
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Modern child development theorists
Children are intelligent, precious, sweet, clumsy, messy and very expensive. However, we, as parents still love every inch of them. Not all children are the same, every one of them are unique in their own way. For example, some children have different learning patterns than others. Some learn faster than others and some behave differently than others. Also, some children respond differently to rewards and punishment from one another. According to education.com teachers are trained to identify students who demonstrate high or low motivational skills through observation. During this observation motivated students engage in takes with intensity and feelings, where as unmotivated students procrastinate and direct their attention somewhere else. Unmotivated student are also said to give up easily on tasks given.
Early theorist such as Edward Thorndike assumed that rewards and punishments could be construed as opposites in their consequences. For example, some researchers demonstrated that motivation increases as the distance to a goal decreases. The strength of the motivation seems to depend on the goal (Greitemeyer & Kazemi,2008, p.246-247). Parents play an important role in developing and supporting their children’s academic motivation. Motivation is considered the inner energy that directs and regulates behavior (Garn, Jolly, Matthews, 2012 p.657). The importance of motivation is key when it comes to academics because it is considered to prompt student social interaction in the learning process. When students are highly employ in social interactions of the learning process achievement goals are more readily attained.
Determining a student’s educational level of motivation is oddly multifaceted, researchers find it hard to...
... middle of paper ...
... Child Psychology, 115389-404. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2013.03.004
6. Knafo, A., Jaffee, S. R., Matthys, W., Vanderschuren, L. J., & Schutter, D. G. (2013). The neurobiology of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder: Altered functioning in three mental domains. Development & Psychopathology, 25(1), 193. doi:10.1017/S0954579412000272
7. http://www.education.com/reference/article/intrinsic-and-extrinsic-motivation/#B
8. http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/kids/behavior-emotions/child-behavior-what-parents-can-do-to-change-their-childs-behavior.html
9. http://www.gordontraining.com/free-parenting-articles/the-idea-of-punishment
10. www.pbis.org/common/cms/documents/Forum10.../D1_Rewards.doc
11. http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/family-affair/200809/rewards-are-better-punishment-here-s-why
12. http://www.webmd.com/parenting/guide/discipline-tactics
Intrinsic motivation involves engaging in a behavior that is personally rewarding. It refers performing for yourself rather than any external reward. As an example, some people like to play instruments or like to dance, it could be extrinsic also, but the people enjoy doing it for intrinsic motivation. In infancy, intrinsic motivation is observable as exploratory behavior when they are securely attached to the parents…(Bolwby, 1979). From my life experience, I have seen that one of my uncle’s child really outgoing, friendly, and do so many activities without any pressure. Because, the child gets secure attachment since her childhood. Her mom always been with her whenever she needed to take care of her. On the other hand my other uncle’s child always quiet, and as far as I know the girl is in depression, but her family even don’t know about it. Her both parents work since she was born, so she couldn’t spend enough time with them. If her parents ask or force to do something new, then only she takes the step not before them. She doesn’t do any intrinsic activity. Both girls almost at the same age, but their personality is so different than each other. Parents absence reflected on her personality. I think parent’s attachment with child plays a very important role to build the motivation in a child for future. If the girl would get a better care when she was little,
Vallerand R., Fortier M. & Guay F. (2000) School motivation for teens. Journal of Education Today, December 2000
When reading the article “The Perils and Promises of Praise”, I was taken aback by the fact that there was a thing as negative praise. The studies show that just telling someone that they are intelligent is detrimental to future success in challenging situations because of the fear of failure. Encouragement of hard work and effort works more effectively than praising intelligence. I still feel that there is a missing element that was not mentioned in the article. It is secret number three in motivation for success in school. That motivation is the parents of the students. I was told that if I failed my classes, I could expect severe punishment and retribution for my failure, unless I prove I tried my best. Motivation is not just praise; it is the support of those adults in a student’s life that gives reinforcement of positive ideas
Raine, A. (2008). From genes to brain to antisocial behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 323-329.
“Motivation is the process whereby goal-orientated activity is instigated and sustained” (Schunk, Pintrich & Meece, 2008. As cited in Eggen & Kauchak, 2010, p.284). Motivation comes in many forms and can be divided into two broad categories - extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivators are external factors which can motivate a student; rewards are an example of this. An issue with extrinsic motivators is that the desire for the learner to participate often lessens, once the rewards are withdrawn (McCullers, 1987). On the other hand intrinsic motivation comes from within - learning for the joy of it - where the desire to learn leads to a higher level of knowledge, and is a reward in itself. Kohn (1996, p.285) states that research suggests, “Rewards actually decrease interest in intrinsically motivating tasks, therefore sending the wrong message about learning” (as cited in Eggen & Kauchak, 2010a)
Keller, John M. (2006). What Are the Elements of Learner Motivation? Retrieved July 4, 2011
Being motivated is not just about a good end result, but it is about acquiring an ingrained mindset that empowers and directs one’s behavior. (Tan, OS, Parsons, R. D., Hinson, S. L., & Sardo-Brown, D., 2011) Mary Doe can clearly be seen to be unmotivated in learning as seen from her low expectations of success. She is seen to have a low gauge of her ability, which leads to her low confidence, and lowered motivation towards her academics. We will explore the possible causes, as well as solutions to aid the improvement of her motivation in learning.
Pressures on children in today’s society are a problem that is becoming more evident in academics as parents and teachers put more and more emphasis on these children to outperform their classmates, stress in the child’s life becomes an interfering problem (Anxiety.org, 2011 Weissbourd, 2011,). From preschool children to college adults, pressure to execute academic perfection extends across all areas of curriculum. In our highly competitive, American society, emphasis placed on academic achievement has never been so intense (Anxiety.org, 2011, Beilock, 2011). This need to be the best, fueled by our culture in America, has created a social force affecting education, a force to be reckoned with at that. Too often, parents and teachers sacrifice their chil...
Many researches have been conducted to investigate what motivates students for better academic performance and whether it has a correlation with achievement motivation.
Aggression is commonly connected with other disruptive behaviors such as ADHD, conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder; in those cases it is essential to identify the primary diagnosis to develop a disorder-oriented approach that would assist in the control of aggression (List & Barzman, 2010). It i...
What contributing factors affect student motivation towards success in college? Motivation is a force that helps people to achieve what they yearn to be, which helps people conquer obstacles to reach a goal. Students can be physically present in the classroom, but mentally absent. Many things can play a factor in student academic success from the quality of the professors’ lecture, to sufficient and modern facilities or the effective engagement between student and professors. In many researches including the books Lives on the Boundary by Mike Ross and Academically Adrift by Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa it demonstrates factors that students face in the achievement of academic success. Those factors that coincide on student academic success are motivation, life responsibilities, and preparation.
It is first important to understand how motivation works in the classroom. There are infinite procedures teachers use to achieve desired effects from their students, but there are general patterns these motivational tools follow. In order for teachers to communicate with their students, they must identify with their needs on an individual basis (Gawel, 1997). This proposal is much akin to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which states five basic needs that must be met in order to achieve full motivation. These needs, in ascending order, are as follows: physiological, security, love and belongingness, esteem and self-respect, and self-actualization (Gawel, 1997). Each of these needs details a very important issue in motivation inside the classroom and out.
Theorists believe that motivation within the classroom has its benefits when able to produce work from students. Some students have the ability to work without much motivation. This is known as intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is where students are able to motivate themselves and produce work at high standard. The students have to be determined to strive and have the self-ability to do the work that is needed (Brewer, Dun, Olszewski, 1988). Students who need more praise and encouragement to produce work come under the category of extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is about rewarding the students for their work. If a student is able to get done what they have been asked, they will be rewarded with for example a sticker or a lucky dip. Extrinsic motivation for some students means the reward is...
Student motivation can be affected by several factors. These elements include parent involvement, teacher enthusiasm, rewards, peers, the learner’s environment, personal experiences, personal interests of the student, and self-esteem and self-image.
To a certain extent it can be said that without a sense of motivation, whether it be intrinsic or extrinsic, a child’s ability to learn and reach their potential is greatly lessened. Motivation is best described as an internal state that not only arouses and directs behaviour but also helps to maintain it (Woolfolk & Margetts, 2013). Motivation not only plays a large role in a child’s learning ability, it also shapes a student’s interests and enjoyment of school and study (Martin, 2003). For both pre-service teachers and expert teachers it is easy to see that if a student possesses high motivation to learn, their behaviour towards their school work is more positive and in turn leads to higher academic success, whereas a student with little to no motivation will exhibit negative behavi...