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Prevention of child abuse essay
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An essay on child abuse prevention
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Introduction
Child abuse and neglect is a widespread and on going problem in today’s world. Preventing child abuse is vital in keeping the next generation and future generations from repeating previous childhood lifestyles. Being a current resident in Florida, the presence of child abuse and neglect is unfortunately high. This is not only concerning for the state of Florida, but also for the rest of the world. There needs to be more awareness about this topic and through implementation of various research the world is slowly but surely coming to recognize which is the best method to prevent child abuse and neglect. Research on techniques and strategies for preventing child abuse is important because we want the adults of the future to be as educated as possible when it comes to this topic.
Article 1
Lanier, Kohl, and Benz (2012) worked on a study in attempt to prevent maltreatment of children through parent-child interaction therapy. In this study, families with a history of maltreatment of children and with no history of maltreatment of children were both examined. Clinical case records and child welfare records were used to discover the families to be brought into therapy. A majority of the families only participated in one parent-child interaction therapy session. Out of the 120 families who were involved in parent-child interaction therapy sessions, only 15 of them were said to have a parent who participated in the abuse and/or neglect of a child after just one session. And only 10 of the 27 families with previously reported parent perpetration had submitted another one. The average submission of the abuse and neglect reports was filed a whopping 17 months after the first parent-child interaction therapy session. Thirty-seve...
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...view 33.1 (2011): 66-77. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson). Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
Lanier, Paul1, planier@wustl.edu, et al. "Preventing Maltreatment With A Community-Based Implementation Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy." Journal Of Child & Family Studies 23.2 (2014): 449-460. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson). Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
MacMillan, Harriet L., B. Helen Thomas, and Ellen Jamieson. "Effectiveness Of Home Visitation By Public-Health Nurses In Prevention Of The Recurrence Of Child Physical Abuse And Neglect: A Randomised Controlled Trial." Lancet 365.(2005): 1786-1793. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson). Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
Welch, Ginger L.1,2, and Barbara L.3 Bonner. "Fatal Child Neglect: Characteristics, Causation, And Strategies For Prevention." Child Abuse & Neglect 37.10 (2013): 745-752. OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson). Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
Ward, H. et al, 2012. Safeguarding babies and very young children from abuse and neglect. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. P 205.
McCoy, M. L., & Keen, S. M., (2009). Child abuse and neglect. New York: Psychology Press.
Osofsky, J. D. (2003). Prevalence of children's exposure to domestic violence and child maltreatment: Implications for prevention and intervention. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6(3), 161-170.
Child abuse and neglect is a very serious issue that can not be taken lightly. We need to provide continuing public education and professional training. Few people fail to report because they want children to suffer abuse and neglect. Likewise, few people make deliberately false reports. Most involve an honest desire to protect children coupled with confusion about what conditions are reportable. Educational efforts should emphasize the conditions that do not justify a report, as well as those that do.
In conclusion, Child abuse and neglect is more common in children’s lives today. A child may be harmed and be right in front of us and we do not even know it. We have to watch out for the signs and symptoms to try and help a child out. We may not even realize it till it is too late. The effect can appear in all aspects of life, rather it being psychological or behavioral. These effects can range from anything such as minor physical injury, not getting along with others, or become aggressive and affect them later on in life.
Child abuse in general is quite complex and at the same time one of the most challenging social issue facing people all around the USA. Child abuse cases have been recorded in all the states of the USA. The cases occur in all areas be it cities, small towns, suburbs, and even in rural areas. The vice also happens in all types of families regardless of the ethnic origin of the family or the even family income (UNICEF, 2015). It is thus important that effort is put into reducing cases of child abuse.
· Sedlak, A. (1990) Technical Amendments to the Study Findings--National Incidence and Prevalence of Child Abuse and Neglect: 1988. Rockville, MD: Westat, Inc.
Child maltreatment is a widespread issue that affects thousands of children every year. There are four common types of child maltreatment; sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse and neglect. All of these types of abuse are very serious and can have many consequences for the children and families. The most common consequence of severe child maltreatment is the removal of that child from their home (Benbenishty, Segev, Surkis, and Elias, 2002). Most social workers trying to determine the likelihood of removal evaluate the type and severity of abuse, as well as the child’s relationship with their parents (Benbenishty et al., 2002). When children are removed from their homes there are many options of alternative housing. The places they are allowed to live are a relative’s home, foster home, or a group home. In a study of children removed from their homes, 68% went to a foster home rather than a relative or another form of alternative housing (Faller, 1991). Reunification with a parent is the most common goal that is set forth by Child Protective Services even though recurrent abuse is likely to happen based upon the prior type of abuse and the age of the child (Connell et al., 2009). Child maltreatment is becoming a prevalent problem that has numerous consequences for both the child and family.
Child maltreatment can affect any child, usually aged 0-18, and it occurs across socioeconomic, religious, ethnic or even educational backgrounds. Arguably, child abuse and neglect is a violation of basic human rights of a child resulting from social, familial, psychological and economic factors (Kiran, 2011). Familial factors include lack of support, poverty, single parenthood, and domestic violence among others, (McCoy and Keen, 2009). The common types of child maltreatment include physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, neglect, and sexual abuse among others. Abuse and neglect can lead to a variety of impacts on children and young people such as physical, behavioral as well as psychological consequences which will affect the development and growth of the child either positively or negatively based on the environment and agency. More so, emotional, cognitive and physical developmental impacts from child neglect in the early stages of childhood can be carried on into adulthood. Research findings reveal that the experience of maltreatment can cause major long-term consequences on all aspects of a child’s health, growth as well as intellectual development and mental wellbeing, and these effects can impair their functioning as adults. Commonly, the act of abuse/ or neglect toward a child affects the child’s physical, behavioral development and growth, which can be positive or negative, depending on the child’s environment and agency. Another way to understand how the act has affected the child is to look at the child for who they are, and interviewing and observing their behaviors of their everyday life.
Funding is awarded to support ongoing research programs to identify, prevent and treat child abuse and neglect and to collect and distribute data. Projects that are currently funded are Child Welfare Information Gateway website, the National Resource Center for Child Protective Services, National Quality Improvement Center on Differential Response, annual publication of Child Maltreatment and the initiative on Supporting Evidence-Based Home Visitation to Prevent Child Maltreatment.
What distinguishes neglect from additional forms of maltreatment is its inherent omission of behaviour rather than a commission of behaviour, as in the case of physical or sexual abuses (Sagatun & Edwards, 1995; Zuravin, 1991). Over recent years, it has been increasingly recognized that child neglect has a more severe and adverse impact on children’s development than abuse (Hildyard and Wolfe 2002; Trickett and McBride-Chang 1995).
They stress for early prevention and treatment to prevent impaired bonding and prevent probable causes in parenting. To start the research up, they posted fliers in childcare centers and pediatric offices. The participants were then interviewed via phone to answer questions about past neglect or abuse before the age of 16. If accepted, they were surveyed at 6 weeks, 4 months, 12 months, and 18 months of postpartum; two home visits at 6 months postpartum; and a playroom visit at 15 months postpartum. All observations were unknown by the mother, which excluded bias.The mothers with past of neglect or abuse were in the experimental group while mothers without the abusive past were in the control group. The found that there was a relation between mothers with an abusive past and bonding impairments with their children.Furthermore, the research results points towards to early prevention in PPD, to increase bonding to reduce parenting problems. It also contributed to human knowledge, and also gave an insight for a reason for early prevention of PPD. The funding for this research was provided by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National
Tanner, K and Turney, D (2000). The role of Observation in Assessment of Child Neglect in Child Abuse Review. Volume 9, p337-348
In past few years, there are many countries that developed different programs and plans for intervention in child abuse and neglect. But, some of them fail to reach the goal. When there is contact with family or client, at this moment this is intervention. Effective prevention and early intervention services can make a difference when provided at the right time. Intervention is all about time, matter of weeks. In fact, at this critical period you can achieve a progress that is not even equivalent up to 3 years of case treatment and management. Intervention methods are just putting a bandage on the issue of child abuse and neglect (Mathieson, Reynolds, & Topizes, 2009).
According to Lisa Ware, "One promising treatment for families who have a history of child maltreatment is parent-child interaction therapy". This type of therapy focuses on the interactions that the child and the parent have. It coaches the parents in how to interact with their child the proper way. Along with interaction therapy, the child and parents are also given separate therapy. The child’s therapy is centered on the abuse they received, their social and academic skills, and teaching ways of relaxation and anger management. While the therapy for the parents are more concerned with finding ways so that the parents can interact with their children in the right way. The therapy gives the parents proper techniques for controlling their anger and allows them to identify how they view abuse. These examples of techniques practiced in therapy have shown promising results, but there are many different forms of therapy that also work. When dealing with individuals and families who suffered from abuse or were the one's abusing, the therapy needs to be fitted to the specific needs of the individuals as well as the whole family. If a child suffers from a certain problem, it is the job of the therapist to focus on ways to help the child with that specific problem. A generalized therapy plan to help everyone with their problems will not work because each individual experiences different things when faced with abuse, which is why the therapy needs to be specific to the needs of the