153 deaths have been associated with Chikungunya in the western hemisphere, stated by (Harvey, 2015). Mosquito-borne illnesses including Chikungunya has been prevalent in the Caribbean areas and is continuously spreading worldwide. Mosquito-borne diseases are virus that can only be transmitted through mosquitoes, which the virus can only be transmitted through a bite. Jamaica has encountered several mosquito-borne illnesses including Chikungunya, Malaria, and dengue. The name “chikungunya” is derived from a word in the Kimakonde language meaning “to become contorted” and describes the stooped appearance of sufferers with joint pain (Harvey, 2015). The virus has frequently been mistaken for dengue due to the similar signs and symptoms such as headache and joint pain. Joint pain, fever and vomiting are possible effects of Chikungunya in Jamaica.
Joint pain is one possible effect of Chikungunya in Jamaica. Tenosynovitis is one of the commonest reasons for pain in the shoulder and wrist during the infection (Frankson, 2014). The constant movement of the muscles allows the joints to be rubbing together which produces severe pain of the joints for an infected
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person. The Joint pain is often very debilitating and usually lasts for up to 12 days (Harvey, 2015), for persons suffering from the illness. In some cases, persons may have joint pain after all the other symptoms are gone which is due to the severity of the infection. Joint pain can cause the infected person to be unable to walk. The intensity of the pain in the joints may cause persons to be immobile which causes persons to be incapable to moving around. However joint pain is not the only effect of Chikungunya in Jamaica. Another possible effect of chikungunya in Jamaica is fever.
It was stated that the fever is normally ranged between 102 to 104 degrees 0F (40 degrees 0C), which can last up to 10-12 days after being infected (Harvey, 2015). This high fever may cause one to feel very fatigue and dehydrated, in some cases people may experience a bit of sweating and loss of appetite. In addition, during this infection one may feel a sense of shivering, chills and shaking due to the fact that the body’s immune system is trying to fight the infection, (WHO.2014). The fever itself is said to be caused through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti mosquito. This may cause fever because of the anti-coagulants in the mosquito’s saliva, which cause the blood to clot. Furthermore, fever is not the only effect of Chikungunya in
Jamaica. Vomiting is one more effect of chikungunya in Jamaica. When one is infected by Chikungunya vomiting may occur because the body is releasing the unwanted substance that the infection causes. Vomiting may occur when one is feeling intense pain while suffering from the virus (Campbell, 2014). Taking treatment such as paracetamols without eating can cause vomiting during the infection. Constant vomiting can cause one to be dehydrated because of the loss of fluid from the body which helps to remove electrolytes, therefore, lack of nutrients in the body (Mandal, 2013). There are numerous amounts of possible effects that Chikungunya may have on the Jamaican people. The joint pain during this infection can be severe and cause one to suffer because of the intensity of the pain. Experiencing fever due to Chikungunya is the body’s reaction to the virus when trying to fight it. Having the disease, persons may see vomiting occurring since it’s the way the virus is removing the unwanted substances. Chikungunya may be one of the most painful disease as a mosquito-borne illnesses.
“Jamaica’s a country of great dichotomy. On the one hand you have a tourist industry with great beaches and resorts, but on the other you have such great poverty and the violence that goes along with that.”(Michael Franti) In this paper, I will talk about the geography, the history of Jamaica, the people that live there now and that lived there in the past, the lifestyle of the society, and the society, like the government and economy.
The Bubonic Plague DBQ Sweeping through Western Europe during the fourteenth century, the Bubonic Plague wiped out nearly one third of the population and did not regard: status, age or even gender. All of this occurred as a result of a single fleabite. Bubonic Plague also known as Black Death started in Asia and traveled to Europe by ships. The Plague was thought to be spread by the dominating empire during this time, the Mongolian Empire, along the Silk Road. The Bubonic Plague was an infectious disease spread by fleas living on rats, which can be easily, be attached to traveler to be later spread to a city
The discovery of yellow fever would have not been possible if people had not put aside their misconceptions of where diseases originated. Diseases in olden time were believed to be divine punishment to people who had committed bad deeds, and therefore not much was done to try to find cures for diseases like yellow fever. As defined by the World Health Organization, yellow fever an acute viral hemorrhagic diseases transmitted by infected mosquitoes, and a common characteristic of this disease is the development of jaundice which gave it the name "yellow" fever. The mosquito responsible for the transmission of the disease is the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. Her transmission of the disease occurs as a result of it biting an infected host and inside her body the virus multiplies, and afterwards if the mosquito bites someone that person becomes infected.
You wouldn’t think the carrier of this disease would come from a little mosquito bite but it does.
Mosquitoes, fever and even death may be some of the things that come to mind when we're asked to think about West Nile Virus. Many of us would consider mosquitoes a small trade-off for what the summertime provides, but what if there were more at risk than a bump above your skin and an itch? In a not so distant past West Nile Virus ascended into news broadcasts all throughout the country and alarming it's residents. Today however, that all seems to be an afterthought. The intentions today are to cover the first found cases of West Nile Virus, the symptoms of West Nile Virus, and finally West Nile Virus' impact on the United States. Through the research here, the hope is that we can all have a better understanding of how West Nile Virus works.
The chikungunya virus could not only have a devastating impact on the tourism of these countries, but also it could hurt other parts of their economies. To start off, with the chikungunya virus would also come public health costs which could potentially hurt the economy as these countries would have to figure out how to prevent chikungunya(Lalta, Stanley). Prevention could only be done through spending money on research and medicine that's necessary in order to stop chikungunya. Estimated amounts show that “total treatment and preventions for the Chikungunya Virus with a population of 1.3 million people would cost 13.2 million dollars in U.S. currency”, a very expensive amount that many poorer countries cannot bear. Symptoms of CHIK such as severe joint pain, headache, or arthritis would require real medicine to help a person stay healthy. Arthritis in limbs has been known to be one of the most severe symptoms associated with the chikungunya virus. By definition, it is
Yellow Fever is a viral infection that is caused from the bite of an infected female mosquito, they are mainly found in areas of Africa and South America. There are three main types of the Yellow Fever virus: Sylvatic yellow fever, Intermediate yellow fever, and Urban yellow fever. Sylvatic yellow fever also known as jungle yellow fever is started by mosquitoes breeding in tree holes in areas, such as banana plantations; monkeys become infected when they are bitten by an infected mosquito, it continues to spread as uninfected mosquitoes bite and infected monkeys; then the process comes to humans where they become exposed to the virus when they are bitten by and infected mosquitos. The intermediate cycle are only in Africa and is also called
Malaria is spread when the mosquito picks up the parasites from the blood of an infected human when it feeds. The mosquito will first recieve the malaria parasite from feeding on the blood of a person who may not neccessarily show symptoms of the disease, but has the parasites in their bloodstream. When the mosquito feeds again, these parasites will be passed on to another human being. Symptoms of malaria include fever, shivering, pain in the joints, headache, repeated vomiting, generalized convulsions, and coma. If not treated, the disease, especially that caused by protozoa falciparum, will progress to severe malaria. Severe malaria generally results in death.
“Nuh ebery thing dat ave sugar sweet” is a jamaican proverb which means not everything which has sugar is sweet or, don’t be tricked by an appearance. Jamaica definitely won’t fool you. Jamaica to tourists, is like a paradise. In the end, every place is unique in its own way and Jamaica is no exception. In this essay you will read about the following topics: Jamaica’s Geography, Jamaica’s History, The Lifestyle of Jamaicans, The Different Jamaican Cuisines , Music of Jamaica, and finally The Festivals of Jamaica.
This inflammation causes severe pain with movement of the joint, often limiting the movement of the affected area. Bursitis commonly strikes the shoulders, elbows, knees, pelvis, hips or Achilles tendons. Bursitis can affect nearly anyone for any number of reasons. It affects mainly adults, both male and female. The individuals most at risk are people who engage in excessive and improper stretching and people who are involved heavily in athletic training.
The Bubonic Plague, otherwise known as the Black Death was a raging disease. Most people thought of it as the physical Grim Reaper of their town or community. The disease lasted about six years, 1347 to 1352. The Bubonic Plague was a travesty that has traveled throughout Europe and has raged and decimated both large and small towns, putting Europe through a lot.
Living in two different places is an experience that opens people’s mind to a new way of thinking. The diversities of each country has its own appeal and often times, we find ourselves comparing and contrasting these nations based a variety of aspects. Despite bearing some minor similarities, the differences in geography, climate, tradition, and economy between the two countries, Jamaica and the United States of America are extensive.
United States and Jamaica have many similarities such as they were both under British rule for several years, and they both elect officials to govern the country. However the differences between the two are quite vast when it comes to the quality of education, government, and healthcare. When the three are compared it is clear to see that in terms of where is a better place for a child to grow up the United States is a better place to be.
The beautiful, radiant and vibrant island that goes by the name of Jamaica is located on the Windward region of the Caribbean. It is one of the best place to be on earth. Our motto “Out of Many One People”, symbolizes the vast cultures and races that make up this beautiful island. Jamaica the land I love, lives on in each individual and leaves a positive impact even with just one visit or no visit at all. In this essay I will elaborate on the various cultures that build up the island, the different attractions the country has to offer and an overview of the unique lifestyle of Jamaicans.
Dengue fever, also known as the “breakbone fever”, is a vector-borne viral disease endemic in tropic and subtropic regions, with around 100 million symptomatic new cases each year worldwide15. It is caused by any one of the four closely-related serotypes or viruses that is spread by multiple species of mosquitoes, in particular the Aedes aegypti 6,13.