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Modern architecture history
The influence of architecture
Modern architecture history
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CHICAGO AUDITORIUM BUILDING: THE INFLUENCE OF THE PAST AND PRESENT ON DESIGN CONCEPTION
Chicago Auditorium building is one of the remarkable achievements of American architecture. The architects, Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler, were one of the firsts to shape and establish the panache of American style of architecture, which moved away from the influences of European architecture order. Consequently, it was at the time of construction that the Americans are experiencing political division and social uprising. As a result, the design and functionality of Chicago Auditorium building were greatly influenced by said events. In this report, the impact of sociocultural events in the shaping of the design of Chicago Auditorium building as a multi-purpose
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This building will not only become the representation of new Chicago, but it will become the place of celebration and gathering for the people. Furthermore, it will have to be massive enough to allow plenty of space to accommodate the masses of Chicago’s community. As such the new Chicago Auditorium was designed to fulfill these requirements. Nevertheless, the design of Chicago Auditorium became the basis of the Chicago School of architecture, which falls under the American style of architecture, which contributed to the style later known as Modernism in 1940s (Sullivan …show more content…
There is no decorative element incorporated to this sole purpose, other than the multiple grouping arrangements of the lamps (see Fig 5 in appendix). In the continuation of the reflection of the present, the seating arrangement of the theatre is so unlike the European Operas, in which there is a minimal amount of box seat, of which is the symbolism of the corrupted past of Europe- box seats are only added by request of inventors. In the European society, box seats can usually be bought for personal use of the owner at the time (Garczynki 2007). Sullivan has envisioned and realized a place of which a democratic access of the high culture entertainment can be granted, overlooking the social issues of hierarchy and privilege. Thus, in the Chicago Auditorium theatre seating arrangement, the very notion of democracy, in which entertainment is for everyone, is found, and this is paralleled to those of the era of Roman amphitheaters (see Fig 6 in appendix), which is open for all to share (Schuyler
James F. O'Gorman, Dennis E. McGrath. ABC of Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. Document. October 2013.
The "Mixed Metaphors in Chicago. " Architectural Review August, 1933. v. 74 pp. 47-49.
Dell Upton is a historian and renowned professor of architecture and Urbanism at the University of California. He has published several books on architecture; one of them is “Architecture in the United States”, published in 1998. In this book, Upton analyzes the architecture of the United States in different aspects, such as nature, money and art, thus depicting the great variety in architectural forms, and how throughout the decades, different interests have lead communities to different ways of building, different purposes and materials, thus reflecting their way of thinking and their relationship with the environment. By exploring so many different architectural styles, Upton reveals the great diversity and richness that has always, and continues to characterize American architecture.
When the lights come up the audience is immediately thrown into an old and dingy movie theatre complete with popcorn strewn across the floor. It is within this set that deep social commentary is made throughout the
A World’s Fair is an “[I]nternational exposition that features exhibits dealing with commerce, industry, and science.” (World Book Encyclopedia 412) Entertainment is also present along with cultural activities. In 1893, the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, although inaugurated a year late, commemorated the discovery of America. I feel that the Exposition displayed some of the more beautiful architecture of its time; its immense buildings and sculptures drew heavily from Greek and other classical styles, and it could possible be because of the sweeping popularity in Beaux Arts architecture.
years ago the word "theater" possessed a different meaning than it does in today's society. The
Actors were expected to memorize hundreds of lines at a time. While one play could be performing, actors would be practicing lines for their next show. Play writers also began to make roles for the actors in the theatrical pieces. The theaters that actors performed in were roofless so that the sun could be used as lighting. Theatrical shows were held in the afternoon because it provided the best amount of light for the show. When the people gathered into the theater, the different classes of people were separated by where they could afford to sit and watch the show. The lower classmen were situated on the bare earth where it was dirty and smelly because it was never cleaned. The owners’ of the theaters found it less expensive if they did not keep high maintenance of their establishments. Higher classmen sat under a roof and for a penny more, they could buy cushions for their seats.
“In the Cause of Architecture” is an essay written by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1908. In this work, Wright outlines many of his architectural values. This text goes into great detail about the philosophy behind Frank Lloyd Wright’s architecture, as well as many important milestones in his life, such as working for Adler and Sullivan. This text is useful because it comes straight from Frank Lloyd Wright himself. It talks about many things important to his role as a notable American, such as his influences for his architecture and his architectural
Russell Brown, J. 1995. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Theatre. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
From the early Greek temples of yesteryear, to the high-tech autonomous buildings of tomorrow, the question of whether the function of a building or its aesthetics qualities are more important has plagued the minds of architects around the world. Webster's II New College Dictionary (Please do not use the encyclopedia or the dictionary to open your essay--way too high school.) defines aesthetics as "The branch of philosophy that provides a theory of the beautiful and of the fine arts" (18). The definition of Functionalism is defined by Webster's as "The doctrine that the function of an object should determine its design and materials" (453). Now, if the function of an object decides the type of design and materials used how does one integrate aesthetics into design, and moreover, how important are aesthetics to an architect? Frank Lloyd Wright was one of the greatest and most renowned architects of the 19th and 20th centuries, and while his buildings where lauded for displaying great artistic design, the issue of function was compromised by the blatant fact that his roofs leaked. This is because he let the aesthetics of his buildings become the focus of the structure, and neglected to adequately address the function of the building allowing for this problem to take root in his designs (Palermo, 4 Mar. 1999). As is apparent from Frank Lloyd Wright, there is a certain balance that has to be attained between aesthetics and functionalism in order for a structure to be appreciated as a successful building.
In order to create innovative public architecture, considered to be the most civic, costly, time intensive and physical of the arts, the project holds a degree of risk, strife, and negotiation . Overcoming these tasks and creating worthy public architecture is a challenge designers try to accomplish, but are rarely successful. The people involved in a potential public building, can be larger than the building itself. Public architecture tries to please all, even the doubters and critics, but because of the all these factors, a building is closer to failing than succeeding.
Guangzhou Opera House is a recently completed building by Zaha Hadid Architects. The project is located in the Chinese city of Guangzhou, completed in 2010. The building’s extreme geometry and the spectacular interior have brought about international awareness and appreciations on its design. Followings are two articles that examine and critique the building. One is “L'auditorium asimmetrico (Asymmetrical Auditorium)”from the architecture journal “Abitare”. The other article is “Crazy Angles, Soaring Steel” by Thomas Lane from the architecture Journal “Building”.
The essence of modern architecture lays in a remarkable strives to reconcile the core principles of architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the modernization of society. However, it took “the form of numerous movements, schools of design, and architectural styles, some in tension with one another, and often equally defying such classification, to establish modernism as a distinctive architectural movement” (Robinson and Foell). Although, the narrower concept of modernism in architecture is broadly characterized by simplification of form and subtraction of ornament from the structure and theme of the building, meaning that the result of design should derive directly from its purpose; the visual expression of the structure, particularly the visual importance of the horizontal and vertical lines typical for the International Style modernism, the use of industrially-produced materials and adaptation of the machine aesthetic, as well as the truth to materials concept, meaning that the true nat...
Through the modern era technologies evolved and avant garde was not just a matter of being ahead in you design concepts,. but also in the materials that you use. Modernist designers, in an obsession of moving forward, where always looking to enhance their ideals with new materials. When the modernist bubble burst the post-modern views came forward, embracing styles and techniques of history, architectures where liberated to be able to blend and combine techniques from throughout history. Contemporary architects, in various forms, continue on with the post-modern legacy of taking inspiration from history and seek out to use traditional building methods not only for convenience but also economical, environmental, contextual and symbolic reasons.
Abstract: New forms in current world have been testimony to the contemporary style of postmodern architecture and are the strength of today’s generation for creating significant architectural standards. Post modernism has blurred the borders between contemporary and traditional construction classical concepts and simply in the field of art and literature. The architectural elements like domes, arches, and classical shapes have lost their identity but the post modernism tries to bridge between these historical forms and contemporary styles. The related architects not only struggled to achieve the image for the buildings but also rejected oversimplified diagrams for living. The post modernism here tries to achieve theoretical base for their designs that creates the excitement in the design program.