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The role of teacher evaluation
Assessing teachers'effectiveness
Advantages and disadvantages of professional development
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In 2010, Charlotte Danielson wrote an article, “Evaluations That Help Teachers”, for the magazine The Effective Educator. The purpose of this article was to explain how a teacher evaluation system, such as her own Framework for Teaching, should and can actually foster teacher learning rather than just measure teacher competence, which is what most other teacher evaluation systems do. This topic is especially critical to decision-making school leaders. Many of the popular teacher evaluation systems fail to help schools link teacher performance with meaningful opportunities for the teachers to reflect on and learn from in order to grow professionally. With the increased attention on the need for more rigorous student standards, this then is an enormous opportunity missed. Students can only achieve such rigorous expectations if their teachers can effectively teach them, and research has shown that teachers who are evaluated by systems that hold them to accountability and provide them for continuous support and growth will actually teach more effectively. There are several main points that Danielson emphasized in this article. She began by explaining why there is a need to improve teacher evaluations; that the goal of any teacher evaluation should be to foster both student and …show more content…
I can help my teachers be professional learners by using observation and evaluation processes, like those found in Danielson’s model, to promote self-assessment, reflection on practices, and professional conversations with them. The Framework can help me have honest, reflective conversations with the teachers about their instruction and I can use it as a guide to help all involved in professional development decisions. In other words, I can use such teacher evaluation models to promote active engagement and encourage professional growth in all
Charlotte Danielson, an internationally recognized expert in the area of teacher effectiveness, created The Framework for Teaching, which is comprised of four domains of teaching responsibility (Danielson, 1996). Danielson specializes in the design of teacher evaluation to ensure teacher quality and to promote professional learning. Danielson’s framework is based on large amounts of research, including the Measures of Effective Teaching (MET) project, supported by the Gates Foundation (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, 2013). Danielson’s framework also aligns with the Interstate Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (InTASC), which outlines what a beginner teacher should possess in skills. In addition, it is the underlying set of ideas
Wolf, M.A. (2009). The 'Secondary' The Importance of Teacher Professional Development. The Huffington Post. Retrieved from www.huffingtonpost.com.
An outstanding educator possesses unique qualities that set him or her apart from others in the field. Ask any student about a favorite teacher and listen intently as he or she describes that person with a smile. Ask a parent of a child who will enter first grade in the fall about the teacher choice for their child. The parent would describe the outstanding educator in their desire for that special teacher. The qualities of an outstanding educator are easily recognized by those whose lives they touch, shape, and change on a daily basis. It is in this writing piece that they will be described and discussed.
192). Therefore, the main caveat which Apple (2001) raises in his article and warns about relates to the possible future marketization of teacher education, when the teachers ' qualification and teaching aptitude will be evaluated according to the results of the students ' on international testings, as opposed to their professional experience and knowledge. Cochran-Smith (2008) in her article on teacher education in the US, uses the euphemism 'the outcomes trap ' (p. 276), implying that nowadays teachers ' quality is being measured through the testing scores of their students. These fallacious assumptions may lead the countries in trouble in the future, as Cochran-Smith (2008) warns, because teachers on their own cannot solve the problem of testing without the “investments in resources, capacity building, and teachers’ professional growth, not to mention changes in access to housing, health, and jobs” (Cochran-Smith, 2008, p. 276). This implies, that teachers should not be evaluated according to their students’ scores, neither should their professional development be constrained by the standardized testings, because apart from that they have own professional aspirations which are needed to be fulfilled. Ball (1998) also holds against the performance-based
Public education in the United States of America continuously faces many challenges – diverse student body, overcrowded classrooms, and lack of resources. Besides, many think that in order to provide quality of education for all students we need to improve effectiveness of our teachers. It is necessary to evaluate existing school teachers routinely. However, it will not be sufficient for improving the teacher body overall. Not only have we needed to evaluate existing teachers. It is especially important to ensure that young inexperienced teacher candidates are prepared to educate all students and meet their academic needs. Ravitch points out that “we don’t need to hire bad teachers” ( 69??? ) Thus, we need to ensure that prospective teacher candidates upon their graduation possess necessary skills to support student learning and take charge of their classrooms from day one. That is why New York and 25 other states are currently in the process of changing the way they give their initial certification. The new legislation is expected to take place in New York State beginning May 1, 2014. All candidates graduating at that time and thereafter will be subjected to the new Teacher Performance Assessment or edTPA.
1. Los Angeles Times presented an analysis of student test data to provide information about teacher and school effectiveness. They were to predict student test scores for students on the basis of five factors: test performance in the previous year, gender, English language proficiency, eligibility of Title 1 services, and whether they began schooling in the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) after kindergarten. These predicted scores were then subtracted from the scores that students actually obtained, with the difference being attributed to each student’s teacher. Richard Buddin conducted an independent study and his research questions related to the evaluation of teachers using value-added models: How much does quality vary
Marshall, K. (2005). It's Time to Rethink Teacher Supervision and Evaluation. Phi Delta Kappan, 86(10), 727-735.
It was difficult to make a final decision about this article because I was not very familiar with the Danielson’s Framework for Teaching in teacher education programs. Therefore, my comments and questions are directed towards understanding better the integrity and consistency of the research design and to address other theoretical and methodological issues.
This paper will identify different definitions of an effective teacher, along with how to assess teachers for being effective. Teacher Effectiveness: Characteristics and Skills of an Effective Teacher. Teacher effectiveness has generated different definitions depending on how it is viewed. Jupp and Education (2009) define effectiveness as “the practical outputs of teachers”. These outputs take place in two different forms, quantitative and qualitative.
...d evaluating their teaching. Parents and the students themselves are vital in the process. They allow for IEPs to be moulded to the student and for aims to be specific and as clear as possible. To enable students to develop fully, their individual needs must be considered and dealt with.
The teacher was rated using a rubric with specific criteria in four domains including planning and preparation, the classroom environment, instruction, and professional responsibilities (Hillsborough County Public Schools, 2012). Within each of these domains are components which are the performance factors that are relevant to classroom teachers. In domain one the components include: demonstrating knowledge of content and pedagogy, demonstrating knowledge of students, setting instructional outcomes, demonstrating knowledge of resources and technology, designing coherent instruction, and designing student assessments. The components for domain two include: creating an environment of respect and rapport, establishing a culture for learning, managing classroom procedures, managing student behavior, organizing physical space. In domain three the components included are: communicating with students, using questioning and discussion, engaging students in learning, using assessment in instruction, and demonstrating flexibility and responsiveness. There is only one component that was rated for domain four which is reflecting on teaching.
Toch, T. (n.d.). Membership. educational leadership :expecting excellence: fixing teacher evaluation. Retrieved November 8, 2013, from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/oct08/vol66/num02/Fixing-Teacher-Evaluation.aspx
As Laurie Futterman states in her article "Beyond the Classroom: What would happen if kids could grade their teachers?" "Teachers are usually tested based on the knowledge they have of the subject, but very rarely based on their teaching skills. Student evaluations might offer insightful information on the teachers’ teaching skills." Teachers must have a good way of teaching that not only intrigues students but also stays on track. A teacher effectiveness is extremely important as it can either make or break a student's learning path.
Miller (1987: 41) states four major issues related to the concept of “being an effective teacher”:
We need to continuously assess and evaluate our students so we can set appropriate goals for each student and individual instructions. Each child learns different, so as a teacher we need to have different styles of teaching for positive reinforcement.