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Anatomy and physiology of sickle cell anemia
Abstract for sickle cell anemia
Abstract for sickle cell anemia
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Recommended: Anatomy and physiology of sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia is a genetically linked disorder were the red blood cells do not form properly and may cause problems due to their abnormal shape. The symptoms for sickle cell anemia is similar to other types of anemia, which may include lethargy, shortness of breath during light exercise, or dizziness and lightheadedness when active. Additionally, sickle cell sufferers may form dangerous blood clots in their veins. Although blood clots in remain in the circulatory system without causing problems for years, the blood clot may one day block a major artery in the heart or brain, which may lead to permanent organ damage or death. Fortunately, sickle cell can be tested for and does not need to be diagnosed by its symptoms. The best test for
sickle cell anemia is taking a tiny blood sample and putting it under a microscopic. Underneath the microscope the red blood cells will be in the shape of a sickle and can be easily identified, even by using basic light microscope technology. The only way to get sickle cell anemia is by inheriting it from your parents. Unfortunately, sickle cell anemia last for life and cannot be cured. However, it can be treated to minimize the risks of sickle cells most dangerous complications. For example, the risk of blood clots can be reduced with an anticoagulant. Anticoagulant work by reducing the effectiveness of platelets, which leads to less clumping of the red blood cells. Overall, the prognosis for people with sickle cell anemia is decent, as many with sickle cell anemia go on to live full adult lives
There were many immediate and underlying or fundamental causes of World War I. The difference between an underlying and immediate cause is that an underlying cause develops over a long period of time and indirectly leads to a specific event, and an immediate cause is a specific short-term event that directly leads to another event or series of events. While the immediate cause of World War I was the assassination of Francis Ferdinand, the archduke of Austria, by a Serbian member of the Black Hand secret society, there were various basic causes of the war. Three of them were nationalism, alliances between European powers, and militarism.
Symptoms of a sickle cell are shortness of breath or fatigue and delayed growth in the development of children. Severe pain can be caused as a symptom when the blood gets stopped up in the vessel and causes the patient 's heart to pump slower, so people begin to feel pain in the body and feel out of breath.
More than 20 million people in the united states are affected by osteoporosis disease every year. Furthermore, Osteoporosis leads to about 1.5 million fractures in this country every year ("Celebrate World Osteoporosis Day, 2016). Osteoporosis is a common disease where people lose bone density faster than normal. This disease causes the bone to become weak and brittle which leads to fractures of the spine, hip, and wrist from a simple fall or even a sneeze or a cough. Osteoporosis usually does not have any symptoms and goes undetected until a fracture occurs. This silent disease can impact any gender, but it affects more women than men especially after menopause. Osteoporosis occurs when more
The time period between 400 CE and 1400 CE was not a Dark Age for Europe because there was still laws and education that kept areas in Europe alive and moving forward. The Dark Age was a historical period in time when culture and economy levels decreased. This occurred after the fall of the Roman Empire. One factor that prevented the Dark Age in Europe was that there was still education during this time period. A monk, Richter, in Journey to Chartres, 10th Century, said, “While engaged in the study of the liberal arts, I wanted very much to logic through the works of Hippocrates (an ancient philosopher)” (Doc. E). Even in this time period of negativity, there were people who still wanted to be educated. This quote proves that there was still
During 1845-1846 events in Ireland would change the lives of many. The Great Potato Famine was a major incident that shocked the entire world. This incident was cause by a disease that traveled from ships overseas. The Great Potato Famine affected one of the biggest crops at the time, which was the potato. Many people got sick from this disease otherwise known as, Phytophthora Infestins. Phytophthora Infestins killed about 1 million people in Ireland.
Sickle cell anemia occurs when an abnormal form of hemoglobin (HbS) is produced. HbS molecules tend to clump together, making red blood cells sticky, stiff, and more fragile, and causing them to form into a curved, sickle shape. Red blood cells containing HbS can go back and forth between being shaped normally and being sickle shaped until they eventually become sickle shaped permanently. Instead of moving through the bloodstream easily, these sickle cells can clog blood vessels and deprive the body's tissues and organs of the oxygen they need to stay healthy.
“In the United States, it's estimated that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly African Americans” (NHLBI, NIH, Who is at risk for sickle cell anemia). SCD is a disease that is a serious disorder in which the body can make normal blood cells and sickle shape cells. Sickle shape cells can block the blood flow in your vessels and cause pain or organ damage also put you in risk for infections. SCD has no cure available but there are many treatments out there to deal with the complications of it. From over years treatments did get better from way back in the day doctors have learned. Sickle cell disease has lack of attention and funding because it’s only affecting African American the most.
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease of red blood cells. Normally red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin A, which carries oxygen to all the organs in the body. With sickle cell anemia, however, the body makes a different kind of protein, called hemoglobin S.
While I have never personally been involved in a crash caused by drunk driving, as a fire fighter I have approached the aftermath of many. The worst drunk driving accident I have witnessed was a car that had rolled three times. The guy flew out the front window leaving deep cuts all over his head. Because he was intoxicated, he tried to get up and move around, oblivious to his injuries or pain. He didn’t even realize he had gotten into an accident. As I watched the scene unfold, it made me angry. I didn’t understand how people could out themselves and others into dangerous or even fatal risks!
The civil war broke out in 1642, and was a war that is within a country, it has many reasons for happening. This essay will explain and categorise the main cause’s fop the civil war. I will start by listing the genres of events.
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2012, September 28). What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Sickle Cell Anemia? NHLBI, NIH. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca/signs.html
Sickle cell anemia is a disease that reforms the patient’s red blood cells, which makes the red blood cells has an abnormal shape like a sickle. Sickled red blood cells can result to severe anemia; decrease causes numerous painful symptoms in patients. A defective protein called hemoglobin is what cause the abnormal shape of the red blood cells in the sickle cell patients.
I. General Description Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite, causes Chagas disease, a zoonotic disease that can be transmitted to humans by blood-sucking triatomine bugs (also known as the kissing bug because it bites on the face). Chagas disease is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the disease in 1909. Chagas disease is endemic throughout much of Mexico, Central America, and South America where an estimated 18 million people are infected. It has been introduced into the United States by population migration.
The concept of the fundamental causes of disease entails the notion that a relationship exists between death and disease to resource accessibility. This access to resources like information, adequate health care, nutrition, and etc. enables individuals to avoid diseases. Lack of accessibility to these resources, as a result of one’s own socioeconomic status, power, ethnicity, gender, etc, is what increases the risk for multiple diseases and their negative consequences. According to Link and Phelan, fundamental causes of disease can only be eradicated through direct intervention of the social conditions that give rise to them, and not through the intervention of the “individually based-mechanisms,” that link them to that particular disease. An example of this approach could be the establishment of more social equality to allow the prevention of diseases through multiple mechanisms compared to the intervention of an individually based mechanism, like the adoption of vaccination policies to reduce Polio.
Poverty is a global epidemic that contributes to the deaths of millions each year. However, poverty is more prominent in some areas around the world than others. The Oxford dictionary defines poverty as the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support, but it’s so much more. Poverty can be defined as being hungry, lacking shelter, being unable to go to school, being unable to see a doctor, or being powerless and having a lack of freedom. The reason behind the many descriptions of poverty is that poverty has many faces, and its definition changes depending on the place and time, however the effects of poverty on the poor are always the same.