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Negative impacts of trade agreements
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What are the pro and con of government intervention in this case? The back ground of the Catfish dispute case presented cites the international trade agreement in placed where United States (US) allowed Vietnam to import frozen catfish into its border, later became concerning for the US domestic Catfish Farmers of America (CFA) through filed charges with the Trade and the US Department of Commerce that alleged that lower quality fish commodities where branded as authentic catfish mainly found in the southern states of the US (WTO, 2017). Therefore, Federal Drug Administration (FDA) insist that the distinction be made and also include labeling of products/goods with origin, as well. In as much, the US Senate and other authoritative officials agreed to support the catfish farmers, who felt threaten due to the flooding of the market with cheap fish, yielding the farmers inabilities to compete on domestic grounds. On the other hand, opponents cite that US continues to fail at marketing its product to a more broader audience, outside of the 9 southern states currently purchasing …show more content…
- Ensuring the quality of import goods by upholding regulated standards, especially where health risk concerns are at the forefront (i.e., bottom dwellers) (Carter, 2001). - Leveling the competitive grounds for the domestic farmers – branded as authentic catfish - Educating consumers by FDA labeling origin, and species of fish imported and sold to US consumers. - Ensuring sustained available future resources through research and development and innovative improvements.
Even with FDA approval, the transgenic fish may face difficulty in getting consumers on board as it faces backlash with some grocers in the US reportedly saying they would not sell the genetically modified
Pomeranz, Jennifer L. "A Comprehensive Strategy To Overhaul FDA Authority For Misleading Food Labels." American Journal Of Law & Medicine 39.4 (2013): 617-647. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Apr. 2014.
Other countries meat isn’t the same quality as US meat. Some meat comes from countries such as china where it is legal to feed livestock ground up bone meal from scraped animals. In which that bone meal can carry such diseases such as mad cow disease or a variety of other ailments. Other variances to US policy are things such as pesticides (rodent killer), insecticides (bug killer), and herbicides (weed killer). And when these poisons are used around livestock, they eat them also and are incorporated into the meat you buy at the supermarket. Furthermore, some foreign countries have no sanitation in the way livestock are produced. Some are grown on disease and urine infected water and food. So without labeling of meat origins, the consumer does not know what they are buying which should be immediately changed.
The practice of using misleading labelling that still complies with law has been done for some time. Still, legislation has been moving forward, starting in December 2002 when nutrition labelling was enforced in the Food and Drugs Regulations, which has since been amended in 2005 (HealthCanada). Whilst the government is taking a proactive stance towards labelling (partly due to consumer lobby groups), companies in the food industry are still able to produce misleading and/or uninformative labelling through simple manipulation of the English language and interpretation of law. Below, current legislation will be discussed, followed by company practices and the organic food market.
Ethics is the study of morality. Morality is composed of the standards that an individual or group has about what is right or wrong and good or bad. Through ethics, you are able to reflect on one’s moral standards or moral stands of a group or society and asking whether they are reasonable. One must keep in mind ethical relativism when analyzing whether a situation is right or wrong. Ethical relativism says that moral right and wrong depend on the culture a person belongs to. Since societies differ in the moral standards there is no single correct set of moral standards everyone should follow. The three main schools of thought learned for ethics are utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, and ethics of care. Using these three schools of thoughts I will analyze an episode of Catfish.
On January 4, 2011 President Obama signed into law The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). This law has shed new light on the safety and security of our food supply. The last update to the food safety laws in the United States was in 1938. The food safety modernization act pays special attention at trying to modernize the food safety policies in the United States in hopes to prevent problems and concerns before they happen. As we all know, most of our food comes from overseas or sometimes from your neighboring state. The food products travel by car, truck, airplane, boat, or even train. We are all very happy to be receiving our bananas from Costa Rica and all of our other fresh fruits and vegetables that are imported into the United States, but we never stop to think about what pathogens are contaminating our produce and other foods on the way over and if they are safe for us to eat. In an article by Neal Fortin, he states that the law also gives the FDA new standards to hold imported foods to the domestic food standards and it also encourages the FDA to establish and develo...
Since countries like Latin America signify below the ethical measures as the standards found within the U.S., accommodating SA8000 standards enables Chiquita to raise the bar on food safety, which is important to prevent sickness, labor standards to support human rights, and employee health and safety for
U.S. Food And Drug Administration (2013, July 23). An overview of Atlantic salmon, its natural history, aquaculture, and genetic engineering. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/VeterinaryMedicineAdvisoryCommittee/ucm222635.htm
As explained in previous sections, Big Food has immense power to influence government decision making. It is important to understand how Big Food is able to participate and use the political system to their advantage. The main way that Big Food influences government decision making is through lobbying. Lobbying is a common practice within the American political system that is utilized by industries to further their interests. Lobbying manifests in two major ways within the political system. Industries lobby Congress for favorable regulations, and the White House for beneficial trade agreements. For this purpose of this thesis, the aspect of lobbying surrounding favorable regulations in Congress will be explored as it pertains to Big Food.
The beef hormone dispute represents a new type of ideologically-based trade dispute that is becoming more and more common . Hormone treated beef was first banned in 1989 by the European Community, and in 1995, the beef hormone case was one of the first cases brought to the newly formed World Trade Organisation (WTO). The US claimed that the ban on hormone treated beef was inconsistent with the new Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS agreement), negotiated as part of the Uruguay Trade Round. This agreement established rules governing food safety regulations, stating that such regulations must be supported by scientific risk assessment . A WTO dispute panel ruled in favour of the United States, saying that the EU’s use of the precautionary principle (which justified the ban on the ground of scientific uncertainty about the health effects of hormones ) could not override the terms of the SPS agreement. The EU did not alter its regulations, prompting the United States to instigate tariffs against $116.8 million of European goods, mostly luxury items from France, Germany and Italy, countries that the US saw as the strongest supporters of the ban . These tariffs remained in place for years as attempts to resolve the dispute through bilateral negotiation repeatedly...
To fish or not to fish is a personal choice. The fact that the oceans are being overfished is a growing concern for individuals, organizations, and governments throughout the world. In this paper I want to discuss the effects of overfishing on the restaurant industry, and possible solutions to solve the problem. Fishing is an ongoing source of food for people around the world. In many countries it is a food staple in their everyday diet. In more modern societies eating fish has become a sensual experience, and not just for the wealthy. It hasn't been until population explosions in the last century that the demand for seafood has led to more effective fishing techniques and technologies. Now the demand for popular fish like the salmon, tuna, sea bass, cod and hoki, which is the key fish in McDonalds filet o' fish, is diving wild populations to dangerously low levels. The methods used to catch the amount of fish demanded by the industry do not leave sustainable populations in the wild. In an attempt to preserve the fish population, governments have set limits on the minimum size that may be harvested and how many of each may be taken. Boundaries have been set up saying which areas can be fished and which ones should be left alone. A number of smaller fisheries have gone out of business because of the limits imposed by the government. This leads to even less fish being harvested and brought to market. Therefore the amount and varieties of fish at markets are smaller and can cause shortages for wholesalers and restaurants. Some restaurants will no longer have the variety on their menus that they used to enjoy. If a restaurant thrives on its seafood menu they may be unable to cope with the shortages and will go out of business. In the ...
in making sure the correct methods are followed out with regards to health, safety, hygiene matters;
...der to ensure that the quality of its products is upheld (Grover & Vriens 2006, p. 147).
Vollrath, T. L. (1991). U.S. trade in competitive world markets. FoodReview, 14(1), 26. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Free trade or other, quality products produced process and delivered in a certifiably ethical and/or environmental manner.