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Suzanne is a 56-year-old female who suffers from acrodermatitis continia (L40.2), along with anxiety, arthritis, asthma and hypercholesterolemia. Her symptoms include painful, thickened, discolored and moderate in severity, dystrophic nails and cracked fingertips. Suzanne has tried and failed various treatments including olux, clobetasol and triamcinolone, which have provided her with little to no relief, despite months of treatment. Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) is a rare inflammatory disease characterised by pustular eruptions beginning in the tips of fingers and toes (digits). The pustules may vary in extent over a chronic, recurrent course. Pustulation of the nail bed and its growth site (matrix) can result in onychodystrophy
(malformation) and anonychia (loss of nail). Slowly, the disease can spread proximally to affect the hand, forearm and/or foot. There may be osteolysis (destruction of bone) resulting in a wasted and tapered tip of finger or toe. The cause of acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau is not completely understood. It is considered a variant of palmoplantar pustulosisand related to psoriasis. It is classified as an autoimmune disorder in which there is localized immune dysregulation in the skin. Although, Cosentyx is not approved for Suzanne’s diagnosis, the use of drugs for indications beyond those stipulated in the FDA label has been a physician prerogative that the FDA has approved of for more than 30 years, therefore Cosentyx is Suzanne’s best treatment option now, as she is unresponsive to aggressive topical therapy, additionally has extremely limited treatment options for her condition, therefore I am requesting an exception for coverage, as without this treatment, I fear Suzanne’s condition will continue to worsen causing increased and elevated pain and suffering, as well as an enormous effect on her daily living.
Cynthia Adae was taken to Clinton Memorial Hospital on June 28, 2006. She was taken to the hospital with back and chest pain. A doctor concluded that she was at high risk for acute coronary syndrome. She was transferred to the Clinton Memorial hospital emergency room. She reported to have pain for two or three weeks and that the pain started in her back or her chest. The pain sometimes increased with heavy breathing and sometimes radiated down her left arm. Cynthia said she had a high fever of 103 to 104 degrees. When she was in the emergency room her temperature was 99.3, she had a heart rate of 140, but her blood
Public health officials estimate that up to 50% of all antibiotics use in the U.S is either unnecessary or in appropriate.
Rosa Lee Cunningham is a 56 year old African American female. She is referred to the facility from Howard University Hospital. She was treated for a condition called osteomyelitis, which resulted from a bacterial infection while using heroin (Dash, 2006). Rosa Lee states that on October 7, 1983, she injected cocaine, which resulted in her being hospitalized at D.C. General Hospital (Dash, 2006). Prior to her hospital visit in 1983, she injected heroin, cocaine, and various substances. After a horrible breakup with her girlfriend, she used heroin for the first time (Dash, 2006). She stated that she uses speed ball of cocaine, heroin mixed injection as well as Prelundin, occasionally (Dash, 2006).
Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(1):124–125. Puchenkova, S. G. (1996). "
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. "Hidradenitis Suppurativa: MedlinePlus." Nlm.nih.gov/. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. .
Raynaud syndrome is an auto-immune disorder in which blood vessels in the digits constrict. It usually strikes females between the ages of eighteen and thirty. “Between three to five percent of people are affected.” (Harvard, 2003) There is no known cause or cure. (Segala et al, 2003) Clinical features primarily deal with (but are not limited to) the digits of the fingers. Other digits that may be affected include toes, nose, and ear lobes. Exposure to cold and emotional stress triggers the vasoconstriction of the digits. It was originally described by the Catholic, French physician Maurice Raynaud in 1862. In this condition, the vasospastic response is more frequently induced by exposure to cold temperatures and is often accompanied by digital color changes. After onset, a tri-color change [blanching (white), cyanosis (blue), and reactive hyperemia (red)] occurs. “Pallor (blanching) shows vasospasm and loss of arterial blood flow, cyanosis shows the deoxygenation of static venous blood, and rubor (red) shows reactive hyperemia following return of blood flow.” (Bowling, 2003) Theories for the causes of Raynaud syndrome include: arterial wall damage, connective tissue disease (CTD), or repetitive use of vibrational tools. (Ko, 2002)
I read the book Head Case by Sarah Aronson. Characters Frank Marder: Frank is the main character in the book. When he is seventeen, Frank makes a poor decision to drink and drive after a party. He crashes his car and kills two people and is paralyzed from the neck down. The struggle of dealing with his paralysis is a reminder of the accident that he must learn to cope with every day.
Cyanosis is a disorder which causes “bluish discoloration” to the skin, specifically around the mucus membranes or nail beds. There are two types of Cyanosis disorders, depending on where the cyanotic discoloration is occurring. For example, if the cyanotic discoloration is occurring around the nasal or oral tissue membranes, this type of cyanosis would be described as Central Cyanosis. In the same matter, if the bluish discoloration is occurring in extremities such as toes or fingers, it would be called peripheral cyanosis (acrocyanosis). Both of these types of cyanosis disorders derive from problems in hemoglobin oxygen intake, however the body reacts differently towards central cyanosis as opposed to peripheral cyanosis.
The DSM-5 (2013) identifies additional social factors that may contribute or result from OCD. These factors include a history of physical or sexual abuse, trauma history, deficits in social support, family dysfunction, and infectious environmental agents. Earlier onset is an additional situational factor as it is often correlated with more severe symptom presentation (American Psychological Association, 2013).
HZ patients typically present with a characteristic, distinguishing unilateral, localized, vesicular eruption in dermatome distribution, that is often followed by an intensive localized prodromal pain. In rare instances, it is acco...
Liotta, MD, Elizabeth A., and Dirk M. Elston, MD. "Dermatologic Aspects of Addison Disease." MedScape. WebMD, 8 Mar. 2013. Web. 25 Jan. 2014.
The Physician Assistant reported that the patient showed the presence of diffused swelling and tenderness to the dorsal ulnar aspect of the hand. She indicated full motion of the digits, as we...
The Food and Drug Administration, World Health Organization, American Medical Association, American Dietetic Association, and the National Institute of Health have stated that not only dairy but also meat from rBST cows is safe for human consumption (Brennand, 1999). So even when the BST is destroyed in pasteurization and the IGF-I is not. Consuming the last one orally is just not a concern (Brennand & Bagley, 1999).
My problem was that I often picked at my cuticles, such as peeling then skin or at the cuticle itself. After researching this, I have found that there is a disorder called Compulsive Skin Picking or Excoriation Disorder. I found that I am not the only one who was constantly looking at her cuticles and picking at the peelings. As I researched Excoriation Disorder, I have found it to be a serious problem where people suffered from constantly trying to “touch, rub, scratch, pick at, or dig into their skin, often in an attempt to remove small irregularities or perceived imperfections” (Trichotillomania Learning Center). This disorder occurs in kids and adults all over the world and in extreme cases, will cause severe scarring and distortion of the skin. Research has stated that there are at least 1 in 20 people who suffer from this disorder, and an “estimation of about 2% of dermatology clinic patients suffer from this condition” (Dell’Osso, B., Altamura, A. C., Allen, A., Marazziti, D., & Hollander, E. (2006). It is also suggested that though this disorder occurs both in male and female, it seems to manifest more in females (Fama, 2010.) The nature of this problem is that those who suffer are constantly feeling the need to pick at certain parts of the skin repetitively, which is why it is often classified as an OCD, or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Often times referred as “a body focuses repetitive behavior” or “obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder”, this disorder has features present that is also close to those in OCDs such as trichotillomania which is a repetitive hair pulling disorder (Fama, 2010.) However, there are a variety of reasons as to why one would pick at their skin. Some will pick at their skin because of boredom, w...
Everyone has noticed a "small person" at least once throughout their lives. Most small people are known to be diagnosed with some type dwarfism usually at a young age. Dwarfism is known as people who are short in height and usually do not grow taller than four feet at the most. The most common type of dwarfism in the entire world is Achondroplasia, which is when someone is born with the lack of development of bone growth and cartilage. "Achondroplasia is the most common form of short-limbed short stature, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 20,000 live births." (Ireland E122) Achondroplasia is a type of dwarfism that sticks out because it's genetic profile, diagnosis and prognosis, and treatment plans.