Addie Rerecich
1. She had fever, felt a pain in her hip, loss of sleep, the then pain spread to several parts of the body over the next few days her blood pressure of dropped significantly during the first day of her illness, she also had little infected boils all over her body. Doctors thought that Addie was infected with a virus. In the first hospital and pneumonia in the hospital which specialized in children’s care.
2. Addie may have become infected with the resistant staphylococcus bacteria in the playground while playing with her friends.
3. Addie acquired Stenotrophomonas bacterial infection in the hospital. She acquired it from the tubes of the lung bypass machine ECMO which doctors used to try and support her respiration after her
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Eighteen patients were consequently infected by KPC in the hospital and six died of it.
Antibiotic resistance and the Public Health
1. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1945.
2. Public health officials estimate that up to 50% of all antibiotics use in the U.S is either unnecessary or in appropriate.
3. It is more lucrative for drug companies to develop drugs for chronic illnesses as opposed to antibiotics because the chronic illness drugs will be far much cheaper to develop and will be sold for longer periods than antibiotic drugs which will need heavy investments to develop and be sold more sparingly over time.
4. The federal government doesn’t have a comprehensive plan to combat and coordinate antimicrobial resistance in the U.S as the secretary of Health and human services even turns down an interview to explain the actions of the government in relation to antimicrobial resistance.
5. Many countries in Europe collect data on the locations of antimicrobial resistance occurrences, the number of incidences , who uses antibiotics, and the health practitioners who may overusing the antibiotics so as to address the problem of anti-microbial resistance.
6. Approximately it costs one billion U.S dollars to introduce a new drug into the
T. Paulette Sutton is one of the world’s leading experts in bloodstains and is the former Assistant Director of Forensic Services and Director of Investigations at the University of Tennessee, Memphis. She has been involved in nationally known murder cases and has worked hard during her long career to make a position contribution to the legal system. Sutton says, “Its best for my fellow man that we get the killers off the street.” Since 2006 Sutton has been officially retired but continues to teach, consult, and testify about her area of expertise.
Addie is an unhappy schoolteacher, who uses physical punishment in an attempt to establish a relationship with others. She also comments that she cannot wait for the last of them to leave and thus be free to go to the spring, which serves her as a source of relaxation and retreat. She says: "in the afternoon when school was out and the last one had left with his little dirty snuffling nose instead of going home I would go down the hill to the spring where I could be quiet and hate them".... ... middle of paper ...
Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are preventable and pose a threat to hospitals and patients; increasing the cost, nominally and physically, for both. Pneumonia makes up approximately 15% of all HAI and is the leading cause of nosocomial deaths. Pneumonia is most frequently caused by bacterial microorganisms reaching the lungs by way of aspiration, inhalation or the hematogenous spread of a primary infection. There are two categories of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP); Health-Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP) and Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Facts of the victim’s case are laid out one by one, as if clues to a whodunit game where the culprit is ubiquitous MRSA. Descriptions are lengthy and vivid, describing everything from the patient’s painful symptoms to gruesome surgical procedures that will upset even the toughest of stomachs. This is definitely not the book to read before a large meal. The book reads like an episode of Frontline, keeping the reader on the edge of their seat until the end.
Another campaign developed by the CDC is the Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR). This task force focused on urgent antimicrobial resistance issues and appropriate therapeutic use of antimicrobial drugs in the medical and veterinary communities. Also, prevention of both healthcare- and community-associated drug-resistant infections, and strategies for improving the pipeline of new antimicrobial drugs()
Resistance arises from mutations that are not under the control of humans, but the evolution of bacteria has been sped along by the overexposure of antibiotics to both people and animals. The number of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria in an area is closely related to the frequency that antibiotics that are prescribed (Todar, 2012). Patients often unnecessarily demand antibiotics to treat common colds or simple illnesses that are not caused by bacteria. Instead, these infections are caused by viruses which, unlike bacteria, are unaffected by antibiotics. Incorrect diagnosis can also lead patients to using unnecessary antibiotics, which can sometimes be even more dangerous than otherwise left untreated. Besides the fact that antibiotics kill off beneficial bacteria in the intestines, misuse of antibiotics provides an opportunity ...
Hospital acquired infections are one of the most common complications of care in the hospital setting. Hospital acquired infections are infections that patients acquired during the stay in the hospital. These infections can cause an increase in the number of days the patients stay in the hospital. Hospital acquired infections make the patients worse or even cause death. “In the USA alone, hospital acquired infections cause about 1.7 million infections and 99,000 deaths per year”(secondary).
Five weeks later, after the cured patient left, KPC was in the respiratory culture and they didn 't know how it was spreading or how to cure it. To prevent it from spreading even more around the hospital, the hospital put signs up to remind people to wash their hands, they had robots clean rooms, they moved all the KCP patients into an isolated ICU and they built a wall up to separate them even more. They finally figured out that the bacteria was being passed by silent carriers, people who don 't know they have the bacteria. This was figured out through DNA sequencing. Six months after patient one had arrived, the outbreak was finally over, but it had infected eighteen people in the process and left six
In the last decade, the number of prescriptions for antibiotics has increases. Even though, antibiotics are helpful, an excess amount of antibiotics can be dangerous. Quite often antibiotics are wrongly prescribed to cure viruses when they are meant to target bacteria. Antibiotics are a type of medicine that is prone to kill microorganisms, or bacteria. By examining the PBS documentary Hunting the Nightmare Bacteria and the article “U.S. government taps GlaxoSmithKline for New Antibiotics” by Ben Hirschler as well as a few other articles can help depict the problem that is of doctors prescribing antibiotics wrongly or excessively, which can led to becoming harmful to the body.
Rosa Lee Cunningham is a 52-year old African American female. She is 5-foot-1-inch, 145 pounds. Rosa Lee is married however, is living separately from her husband. She has eight adult children, Bobby, Richard, Ronnie, Donna (Patty), Alvin, Eric, Donald (Ducky) and one child who name she did not disclose. She bore her eldest child at age fourteen and six different men fathered her children. At Rosa Lee’s recent hospital admission to Howard University Hospital emergency room blood test revealed she is still using heroin. Though Rosa Lee recently enrolled in a drug-treatment program it does not appear that she has any intention on ending her drug usage. When asked why she no longer uses heroin she stated she doesn’t always have the resources to support her addiction. Rosa Lee is unemployed and receiving very little in government assistance. She appears to
Bibliography:.. References 1) Lewis, Ricki, “The Rise of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections”. Food and Drug Administration Publications. http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/795_antibio.html September, 1995. 2) Levy, S., Bittner, M., and Salyers, A. Ask the Experts about “Ask the Experts”.
Generally in life, an overabundance of anything is thought of as a blessing.For instance, most people would say that there is no point where someone has too much money, or too much time; however, having and using too many antibiotics can be a problem.With the advent of antibiotics in 1929 Fleming warned that, "The time may come when penicillin can be bought by anyone in the shops.Then there is the danger that the ignorant man may easily underdose himself and by exposing his microbes to non-lethal quantities of the drug make them resistant."[1]Following with Fleming's words antibiotics need to be prescribed in a judicious fashion, not of one with a careless action, "one third of the 150 million outpatient prescriptions are unnecessary."[2]With the overuse of antibiotics today we have seen this very idea come to be.Over usage is caused most prevalently by a lack of education on the part of the patient.Thus stated, the way to overcome such a circumstance is to educate, not only the physician but also the patient.
There are many medical professionals who believe that the rise of antibiotic resistance is a result of the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Dr. Jim Wilde, a paediatric emergency medicine physician at the Medical College of Georgia believes that the medical profession is losing the war against resistance...
The prescribing of antibiotics and the use of antibiotics requires increased awareness by practitioners and their knowledge of effective treatment for certain bacteria. By taking a holistic approach in treating infections, all stakeholders will be able to not only manage infections, but also minimize the occurrence of antibiotic resistance. As a practitioner is in important to be aware of how and when to prescribe antibiotics and the effect it has on the epidemic of antibiotic resistance. By educating other staff members and patients on antibiotic resistant organisms and the national trends, individuals will become aware of why antibiotics are no longer prescribed for all illnesses and are prescribed only for the ones in which they are affective against.
“An interesting byproduct of the newer solutions to medical dilemmas is the slowly growing resistance of antibiotics in bacteria (“Externalities”, 2016)”. The person who is affected by the negative externality concerning the use of antibiotics by others will see it as lowered utility: either subjective displeasure or potentially explicit costs, such as higher medical expenses in the future to treat infections that could have otherwise been treated easily at a lower cost (Ditah, 2011). In order to mitigate antibiotic resistance, healthcare workers should stop prescribing antibiotics unless it’s truly necessary. Additionally, the government should make more of an effort to tackle antibiotic resistance. People should also be educated about how overuse is