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Challenger disaster analysis
The history space shuttle challenger disaster
The history space shuttle challenger disaster
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On January 28, 1986, the United States experienced a national disaster that will long be remembered as a dark day for our nation’s space program and for our nation in general. On its tenth flight, the Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after take-off, killing all seven members on board. The spacecraft disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean. Americans had been eagerly anticipating watching the launch on live TV because one of the shuttle’s crew members was a school teacher. She would have been the first teacher to have traveled in space, so there was a lot of media covering the event. The Space Shuttle Challenger accident was such a tragedy that one study reported about 85 percent of Americans surveyed had heard the news within one hour (and this was even before the advent of social media and the internet). The Challenger disaster has been used as a case study in many discussions of safety in engineering. After nine successful missions, what went wrong on the Challenger’s 10th mission, and what has been learned from this accident from an engineering perspective to make space travel safer in the future? …show more content…
My parents both went to a dining hall at their college to watch the launch because it was a convenient place on campus to be able to view the event on TV. It was especially exciting to have a civilian on board, a female school teacher named Christa McAuliffe. As a sign of the times, the only live national TV coverage available to the public was on CNN. Even those who were not watching television at the time of the disaster were almost certain to see the graphic pictures of the accident replayed as the television networks reported the story almost continuously for the rest of the day. It was truly a national
Soon after launch on January 28th, 1986, the space shuttle Challenger broke apart and shattered the nation. The tragedy was on the hearts and minds of the nation and President Ronald Reagan. President Reagan addressed the county, commemorating the men and woman whose lives were lost and offering hope to Americans and future exploration. Reagan begins his speech by getting on the same level as the audience by showing empathy and attempting to remind us that this was the job of the crew. He proceeds with using his credibility to promise future space travel. Ultimately, his attempt to appeal to the audience’s emotions made his argument much stronger. Reagan effectively addresses the public about the tragedy while comforting, acknowledging, honoring and motivating his audience all in an effort to move the mood from grief to hope for future exploration.
On a cold winter’s morning on the 28th day of January in the year 1986, America was profoundly shaken and sent to its knees as the space shuttle Challenger gruesomely exploded just seconds after launching. The seven members of its crew, including one civilian teacher, were all lost. This was a game changer, we had never lost a single astronaut in flight. The United States by this time had unfortunately grown accustomed to successful space missions, and this reality check was all too sudden, too brutal for a complacent and oblivious nation (“Space”). The outbreak of sympathy that poured from its citizens had not been seen since President John F. Kennedy’s assassination. The disturbing scenes were shown repeatedly on news networks which undeniably made it troublesome to keep it from haunting the nation’s cognizance (“Space”). The current president had more than situation to address, he had the problematic undertaking of gracefully picking America back up by its boot straps.
While seated in the Oval Office of the White House, January 28, 1986 President Ronald Reagan delivers his speech The Challenger Disaster hours after the space shuttle The Challenger explodes while in take off. Thousands witnessed this horrifying event live, in person and on television. This mission was very unique, allowing the first civilian to ever be allowed in space during a mission. She was aboard The Challenger as an observer in the NASA Teacher in Space Program. Ironically, nineteen years before this disaster, three astronauts were tragically lost in an accident on the ground.
The Space Race began when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik into space in 1957. The United States’ answer to this was the Apollo program. While the Apollo program did have successful launches, such as the Apollo 11 launch that landed Americans on the moon, not every launch went as smoothly. Fifty years ago, a disaster occurred that shook the Apollo program to its core. On January 27, 1967, the Apollo 1 command module was consumed by a fire during one of its launch rehearsal tests. This led to the death of three astronauts, Virgil Ivan “Gus” Grissom, Edward Higgins White, and Roger Bruce Chaffee. The fire was caused by a number of factors, most of which were technical. These causes range from the abundance of oxygen in the atmosphere of the
In a person’s lifetime, many things can happen including death. In 1986 seven individuals, Michael Smith, Dick Scobee, Judith Resnic, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe, lost their lives doing what they loved most. The tragedy of the shuttle challenger brought much pain to the nation that day. Along with the pain comes grieving. The nation grieved the loss of these seven wonderful individuals and hoped to find peace and comfort for the days to come. As Ronald Reagan prepared to give the state of the union address, things changed for worse, he unexpectedly had to give a speech on a horrific event. Reagan was devastated at the loss of the seven men and women that were on that space shuttle challenger.
It was on January 28, 1986 at 11:38 A.M. that the shuttle Challenger, NASA flight 51-L, the twenty-fifth shuttle flight, took off. It was the "Teacher in Space" mission. At lift-off, the temperature at ground level was 36° Fahrenheit, which was 15° Fahrenheit cooler than any previous launch by NASA. It was the Challenger's tenth flight. Take-off had been delayed several times. Finally the shuttle had taken off. The shuttle had climbed high in the sky thirty-five seconds after take-off, and it was getting hit by strong winds. The on board computers were making continuous adjustments so the shuttle would stay on course. About eight miles in the air, about seventy-two seconds after take-off, people watched in fear and horror as the shuttle was engulfed by a huge fire ball. All the crew members were killed instantly.
Space travel began in the 1960s with sending humans on single missions into space. Rockets launched into the air and just the tip would land in the ocean after parachuting back to Earth ("Space Shuttle Program," par. 4). The focus of space exploration changed during the 1980s; shifting from the desire for human space flight to the desire to create a reusable spacecraft. Originally called Space Transportation System (STS), NASA created the Space Shuttle Program (SSP) (Heiney, par. 1-2). It wanted a shuttle that was more economical because it could be launched, landed and relaunched and could gather better information. The 1980s began a new era in space exploration and had one the biggest tragedies in the history of space travel.
While we were on our D.C. trip we got to go to the 9/11 memorial, it was such an honor to be able to go. By going it was definitely an eye opener for me to really see how many people lost their lives and how many families lost their loved ones. You don’t truly understand how many people died and what a tragedy this event was until you actually see the memorial or if you saw what actually happened, it is amazing to think that all those firefighters gave their live to help protect others. These people should be honored throughout history because of what they did. By really hearing about the 9/11 attack and getting to see the memorial really opened my eyes to see how serious it really was and how many lives in ended and how many families it affected. The memorial is such an amazing place to be and to think that where you are standing is where the twin towers used to stand and where so many people used to work. Not only did the attack affect the people on the planes or in the buildings, but also the people who lived or worked around that area. Before seeing the 9/11 memorial and hearing about what happened, I didn’t really understand how big of a deal this attack was. While I was at the memorial I took a moment and looked around me and I saw other families and people there walking through the memorial or standing by a name. Seeing that really made me understand how
When the Challenger shuttle was set to launch NASA was feeling political pressure to gain congressional support for the space program, to help gain this support the shuttle crew had a high school teacher on board, Christa McAuliffe, and millions of people were excited and tuned into watch. NASA officials were hoping that this new endeavor would help generate funding since the U.S. budget deficit was soaring and they were afraid that their budget could be cut. Technical failure was the reason the shuttle exploding after take-off but this was not the only reason. With pressure mounting, decisions made by NASA and Morton Thiokol Corporation, the contractor who manufactured the piece with the technical failure, put political agendas in front of the technical decisions, which resulted in the tragedy (Bolman & Deal, 2008).
Reagan's goal when he delivered this speech was not to save his own skin or to defend NASA. Reagan set out to reassure the nation that there existed a better, safer tomorrow, that as a whole the country could move past this event and ultimately learn from it. NASA’s procedures have been fixed since the disaster in 1986 including mandatory checks and rechecks to ensure nothing like the Challenger Disaster could ever happen again. Though NASA has failed to prevent more disasters like the Challenger from passing one thing is certain, Ronald Reagan the 40th president of the United States of America was able to turn the disaster into something much less negative. There of course were lasting effects on society, even today we are suffering. Fear of space missions is a major concern but the effects would have been much greater on the people without Reagan.
Even though there were many factors contributing to the Challenger disaster, the most important issue was the lack of an effective risk management plan. The factors leading to the Challenger disaster are:
The Challenger disaster of 1986 was a shock felt around the country. During liftoff, the shuttle exploded, creating a fireball in the sky. The seven astronauts on board were killed and the shuttle was obliterated. Immediately after the catastrophe, blame was spread to various people who were in charge of creating the shuttle and the parts of the shuttle itself. The Presidential Commission was decisive in blaming the disaster on a faulty O-ring, used to connect the pieces of the craft. On the other hand, Harry Collins and Trevor Pinch, in The Golem at Large, believe that blame cannot be isolated to any person or reason of failure. The authors prove that there are too many factors to decide concretely as to why the Challenger exploded. Collins and Pinch do believe that it was the organizational culture of NASA and Morton Thiokol that allowed the disaster. While NASA and Thiokol were deciding whether to launch, there was not a concrete reason to postpone the mission.
It’s very hard to say what steps, if any, could have been taken to prevent the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster from occurring. When mankind continues to “push the envelope” in the interest of bettering humanity, there will always be risks. In the manned spaceflight business, we have always had to live with trade-offs. All programs do not carry equal risk nor do they offer the same benefits. The acceptable risk for a given program or operation should be worth the potential benefits to be gained. The goal should be a management system that puts safety first, but not safety at any price. As of Sept 7th, 2003, NASA has ordered extensive factory inspections of wing panels between flights that could add as much as three months to the time it takes to prepare a space shuttle orbiter for launch. NASA does all it can to safely bring its astronauts back to earth, but as stated earlier, risks are expected.
Fifteen years have passed since American Airlines flight 1420 experienced a botched landing tragically killing 10 passengers, the captain, and injuring 110 others. Thankfully, 24 passengers were uninjured, and the first officer survived. This horrific accident could have turned out much worse, but it could have also been easily avoided.
Everyone can remember the projects that have failed. Some were completely botched, others were more or less good, but were canceled due to the large budget overrun or were launched with critical deficiencies due to which the project did not fulfill its primary purpose. How to determine exactly how and why the project was not the best? There are many cases when you can almost immediately be called the reasons for the failure of the project.