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Rogers AND freud
Chapter 1. psychology: the evolution of a science
Chapter 1. psychology: the evolution of a science
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Carl Rogers was born and raised in the USA, he was an All-American boy going up except he was raised in a strict fundamentalist religious home. He grew up with conditions placed on his existence that he was only as good as he acted or behaved and the love he would receive may have been determined by this. As a hardworking and faithful young man, his environment was his reality it was all he knew. Carl worked on his family’s farm and became interested in the science of agriculture, while attending school he went on a Christian mission trip to China and this steered his passion to change his education route, and continued his studies at Union theological seminary in New York. Carl had a passion for his studies but was concerned about focusing …show more content…
His time was spent between 1928-1940 working with thousands of troubled youth, this is when he began developing his own ideas around counseling and psychotherapy, this was during a time of full force psychiatry and psychoanalysis…… This was the post WWII to and during the cold war, people we being exposed to mental illness and aggressive approaches to dealing with the post war …show more content…
“I became infected with Rankian ideas”, said Rogers (Kramer, 1995) which interestingly were fueled by Freudian theories. Otto Ranks was about the here and now, and learning new and unlearning the old. This fits into Roger’s understanding and his onw ideas at the time, but he focused on the responsibilities the therapist has to the client. Similaril,y Freud’s theories were around allowing the patient to be in control of the session through the therapist not in sight and the patient be able to just speak and allow the thoughts come as they may. Whereas, Roger’s took the understanding of the client being in control of the session in a different form, he supported the environment in ways that would promote self-realization, that regardless of who they are or what they have done, they are worthy and can make choices and have free will. Roger’s changed the whole concept around therapy by using the word client; as a patient implies an illness, as well as they have to or need to see the doctor, this taking away the client having a choice. Whereas, the word client indicates, that the person has choices and decides to go and see a therapist: they have a choice and
The myth of value neutral psychotherapy has been shattered. Therapist trainees are encouraged to examine their personal assumptions and biases and to increase their own self-awareness, so that they will not impose their values on clients in psychotherapy. Nevertheless, no one is free from values, and sometimes psychologist may need to discuss their values with clients for the following reasons: First, psychotherapy theories have value-laden components and they are often hidden or taken granted; these values may not be consistent with what clients want. Therefore, clients have the right to know them to make informed choices about their treatments. In addition, sometimes psychologists cannot put aside their values in psychotherapy; values is communicated through what they do and how they do it—the way psychologists relate to clients as well as in their theoretical orientations or treatment modalities. As a result, clients are likely to be influenced by the values of their therapists. Again, it is the right of clients to know what kinds of influences they will be exposed to during their treatment. Therefore, in this paper, I argue that values should be openly discussed in therapy for the best interests of clients.
Ironically, although "he disbelieved it and hated it," Crane simply "could not free himself from" the religious background that haunted his entire life (Stallman 5). His father, a well-respected reverend in New Jersey, advocated Bible reading and preached "the right way." Similarly, his mother, who "lived in and for religion," was influential in Methodist church affairs as a speaker and a journalist in her crusade against the vices of her sinful times (Stallman 5). This emotional frenzy of revival Methodism had a strong impact on young Stephen. Nonetheless, he -- falling short of his parents’ expectations on moral principles and spiritual outlook -- chose to reject and defy all those abstract religious notions and sought to probe instead into life’s realities.
...In this specific style, the therapist tends to have the most success in gaining knowledge of the patients feelings of inadequacy, fear of intimacy, and low self esteem.
As this book points out, and what I found interesting, the therapeutic relationship between therapist and client, can be even more important than how the therapy sessions are conducted. A therapists needs to be congruent. This is important because a client needs a sense of stability. To know what is expected from him or her while being in this transitional period of change. In some cases this congruency may be the only stability in his life, and without it, there is no way of him trusting in his t...
grew up in Europe and spent his young adult life under the direction of Freud. In 1933
The Adlerian approach in therapy differs from all other approaches in its perception of human emotions and strivings. As the other theories solely focused on the past of humans and their unconscious minds, Adler and his followers stressed more on social interest and community feeling, even though they don’t ignore other factors such as one’s childhood events. The latter believed than people have an innate sense of inferiority that will make them pursue happiness, success as well as fulfill their ambitions. In other words, Adlerians tend to help clients in therapy sessions to become more aware of these free privileges that they can have access to. Hence, the therapy journey is characterized by four main phases through which the therapist hope to achieve his goals in accordance with the client’s case. First of all, the therapist will begin by establishing a healthy relationship with the client. Therefore he creates a secure environment for the client to let him feel that he can open up and describe his experiences without having to worry about being judged. The therapist will also set his goals clear, share them with the client, and provide him with important information about his rights (Corey, 2009). The second phase will focus then on exploring the client’s psychological dynamics and general information about the person’s lifestyle. The exploration takes place in two parts: the objective interview and the subjective interview. In the subjective interview, the therapist will assist the client in exploring persistent habits and patterns in his daily life. Whereas the objective interview will tackle more general ideas about the client’s medical and social history that may help identi...
He had wanted to be a research scientist but anti-Semitism forced him to choose a medical career instead and he worked in Vienna as a doctor, specialising in neurological disorders (disorders of the nervous system). He constantly revised and modified his theories right up until his death but much of his psychoanalytic theory was produced between 1900 and 1930.
I find that Roger's theory to be interesting and seemingly affective. It makes sense that a change in a clients negative relationship patterns would allow freedom for the client to express themselves emotionally. According to Strupp (1971), “The client, therefore, is not a patient who is sick and who is in need o... ... middle of paper ... ...
· 1894, worked as head of philosophy and psychology departments at University of Chicago (1894 - 1904)
Sigmund Freud and Albert Ellis are widely recognized as two of the most influential psychotherapists of the twentieth century. “It is argued that the striking differences in their therapeutic systems, Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and psychoanalysis, respectively, are rooted in more fundamental theoretical differences concerning the essential nature of client personality” (Ziegler 75). This paper will discuss in detail, both Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Therapy and Albert Ellis’ Rational Emotive Therapy, as well as compare and contrast both theories.
As a teenager, Jung led a solitary life. He did not care for school, and shied away from competition. When he went to boarding school in Basel, Switzerland, he was the victim of jealous harassment, and learned to use sickness as an excuse. He later went on to the University of Basel, intending to study archaeology, but instead decided to study medicine. After working under the famous neurologist, Krofft-Ebing, he discovered psychiatry. After graduating, Jung worked at a mental hospital in Zurich under Eugene Bleuler (who later discovered and named schizophrenia). In 1903, he married and at this time he was also teaching classes at the University of Zurich, working at his own private practice, and working on his theory of word association. He finally met Freud, in 1907, and they developed a friendship as the two compared theories. Their friendship eventually ended, and soon afterwards came WWI and a rough time of self-examination for Jung (which then led to his theories of personality). He retired as a psychiatrist in 1946, and died fifteen years later.
Education and career choices, he attended high school in Massachusetts, after high school became a merchant marine at the end of World War II. Worked on a Haganah ship smuggling Jewish refugees from Romania, end up getting captured and held at camp Cyprus later escaped, returned to the United States. When he returned to the United States he enrolled in College at the University of Chicago, one year later graduating with his Bachelors in Psychology
Dr. Glasser was born in 1925 and raised in Cleveland, Ohio. Originally he was a Chemical Engineer, but later pursued a career in psychiatry. Glasser’s approach to therapy is non-traditional in that he rejected Freud’s model of classic psychoanalysis, which focused on the unconscious factors that influence behavior. He does not believe in the concept of mental illness, unless it can be medically confirmed by a pathologist that there is something wrong with a clients’ brain. Additionally, as Corey notes, Glasser rejects the necessity of diagnostic labels (Corey, 2013, p.335). Glasser’s theory also undermines the necessity of looking into a clients’ past, asserting that it’s insignificant now because it cannot be changed. Throughout his career Glasser had a private practice in psychiatry, was a prominent speaker, and authored over twenty books. He began to develop his ideas of reality psychiatry, later known as reality therapy, while working as a psychiatrist at a girl’s prison.
This model, along with its “key therapist technique” is one of the only institutionally applied ways that discusses this topic, as most of society is weary, uncomfortable, or uneducated of how to approach it. While one of its weaknesses is that its research support is merely moderate, this is simply because testing this model is more difficult than testing the success of other models. This is because this model does not believe in turning humans into test subjects, and thus ridding them of their humanity, which is enlightening and can justify this low research support. The fact that the “consumer designation” is client based is also a strength of the model because referring to those seeking advice or guidance as “patients,” medicalizes these individuals, and thus may impose them with a permanent, stigmatized, and inaccurate label because of this term. This is also true with certain models like the biological model that searches for perhaps natural or inherent and inescapable internal causes to abnormality, which negatively accredits certain individuals as biologically abnormal and dysfunctional. This trend was a prominent approach in historical dynamics as well. For example, this occurred when certain
Nevertheless, by insisting “the business of psychiatry is control and coercion, not care and cure” or that it is “human activity governed by human interest” (Szasz 18-19), Szasz neglects to add to the solution. In turn, adding more confusion to the melting pot of stigma the public eye has to sort through while searching for answers. Furthermore, without physical proof of such acts of coercion or control by any person(s) or entity, Szasz is in turn, feeding careless propaganda to the public and the media as well as other professional and medical communities. In 1951, a humanistic psychologist by the name of Carl Rodgers, organized a few propositions that would later be a foundation in most cognitive therapies for the next few generations. Rodgers argues that: