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British vs american romanticism
Essay about robert browning
Comparison between American and British romanticism
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Browning's Love Among the Ruins
Among the failed and fallen works of man, the mundane, indeed profane, outcome of our history’s cyclic vastation, human affection may finally reign. This is the claim of Browning’s Love Among the Ruins, published in his monumental volume Men & Women, in 1855. Subtler emotions of kindliness and endearment between two persons only take the foreground of our affairs when the brazen dynamo of the days of kings and their mobs collapse in their mad, millenary mill-race. In this poem, Browning’s moment of Love achieves Power in “the quiet-coloured end of evening” after History has run its course, and the land is tired, fallen back to earth, and perhaps back to simpler times: a simpler space, a simpler time, Arcadian, “half-asleep.” However, there is also a sense in the poem that the weight of a rich poetic tradition has collapsed for the post-Romantic generations, and the unfulfilled attainment of the Sublime has left such a desire, or even simply the notion of it, flattened, slowly decaying, covered in English moss and lichen.
The pasturage is an archaeological blank stretching “miles and miles” as deepening twilight “smiles;” its sheep “tinkle homeward.” This tinkling is of the Romantic’s conception of non-compositional, acoustic Nature as opposed to the orderly, cultured classicism of the music of the Enlightenment, let alone the stately, processional pomp of court and state (“a city great and gay / (So they say)”). That tinkling sound will “stray or stop,” as the sheep will to crop. “Stray or stop,” it does not matter in an age when the energies of the great and gay have fallen beneath the reigning “verdure.” No one is “wielding far / Peace or war,” because those civilized opposites...
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... were born only a couple generations before him. Those previous poets (Byron, Shelley, Keats, and of course, stretching back to Wordsworth and even Blake) inhabit legendary ruins in a manner Browning never will. They were the first and last poets to finally work out the human relationship with outside nature. Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats inhabit a landscape that seems so natural we might think them to be 'nature poets' at times. That would be wrong, however. They create those landscapes and express the human longing that at once generate and inevitably inhabit those vistas. They were masters of reality. We, and Browning, showed up late.
Works Cited
Robert Browning’s Poetry. Edited by James F. Loucks. New
York: Norton, 1979.
Robert Browning: A Collection of Critical Essays. Edited by Harold
Bloom & Adrienne Munich. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1979.
"Robert Browning." Critical Survey of Poetry: English Language Series. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Vol. 1. Englewood Cliffs: Salem, 1982. 338, 341.
"There are no extraordinary men... just extraordinary circumstances that ordinary men are faced to deal with" (William Halsey). The same can be said about volatile men. This is the quote Christopher R. Browning thought of when he named this book. The men of the 101st battalion were rarely faced with decisions. Even if it had been proposed by Trapp the morning of Jozefow that "any of the older men who did not feel up to the task that lay before them could step out" (Browning, chapter 7, pg. 57), he didn't actually allow them any time to truly think about it. He brought it up moments before they were about to go out to the slaughter. They were blind-sided and the men who didn't want to risk the future of their jobs as policemen or the men that didn't want to look weak in front of their peers were ushered into a massacre unlike that they could have ever imagined. But because they were all basically forced to give killing a shot, it only allowed them to adapt to war easier. The job that the men of the 101st had to carry out continued to get easier as they adapted to the climate of the war by creating rules for themselves. These ordinary men were no longer in an ordinary situation.
Many Romantic works come from both the poet’s individual perceptions as well as the social consciousness of that era. “The Garden of Love” is no exception. This poem functions to brutally satirize both the oppression of the Church, which had a societal impact, and the urbanization of Lambeth, which had a personal impact on Blake’s life. As Blake has been known to do, he utilizes contrast to make the decay of his world blatant to the reader. Such contrasting is visible when the image of a life-giving garden decays into an image of death. This parallels the events that took place in Blake’s own life, when his rural home became swallowed up by urban sprawl.
Powers’s sculpture is crafted from marble, therefore is erected entirely in white, which can often epitomize purity or cleanliness. Although contributing to the ethereal nature and purpose of the statue, Browning sees the folds as “shadowed, not darkened” (Browning 6). ‘Darkened’ becomes a synonym for slavery and the resulting suffering and thus Browning is arguing that because Powers’s woman lacks the depth of dark shadows, and essentially displays only the ‘pretty,’ aesthetically pleasing . The artwork, according to Browning, will facilitate sympathy because of her physique but may not be capable of creating a long lasting response as its’ viewers are unable to picture the true severity of slavery. “Ideal Beauty” (Browning 1) is difficult to associate with “the house of anguish,” (Browning 2) as Browning mentions in the first stanza. As well, the speaker describes the subject of the artwork as “alien,” (Browning 3) insinuating that the image of an exquisite woman in the role of a slave seems foreign and, perhaps, romanticized. The physical atrocities resulting from slavery are not exhibited in her immaculate skin and smooth curves. Although her shoulders are held high, Browning interprets her as having “passionless perfection,” (Browning 5) suggesting that her lack of
The poem’s tone is a recycled process of initial innocence to eventual corruption and then death, “we degraded prisoners destined to hunger until we eat filth” (ll.52-54).Yet what do we hunger for? At stanza 19, the tone takes a turn in language —“imagination strains after deer,” “fields of goldenrod,” “stifling heat of September”— and paints a mural of warmth and golden glow that mimics the imagined American dream. This use of imagery within golden fields parallels with the natural description of the “choke-cherry” and “viburnum” all seemingly pointless nature clichés but with lurking irony beneath their intention. With the use of the words ‘strains’ and ‘stifling’, with their emphasis on the ‘st’ sound, there is a mockery of discomfort that paves way for the following line, “Somehow it seems to destroy us.” This portrait mocks of a perfect existence, while the reality of it suffocates us. A hunger to reach this ‘fields of goldenrod,’ when all there is filth and in death lies the disappointing truth that everyone succumbs to the same
From a modern experience of Romanticism, nurtured by the sometimes oblique narrative strategies of its major poets, a work that begins atop a massive feature of the landscape and ends immured within it bears a remarkable coherence, the more so
Blake, Wordsworth, and Keats all represent the Romantic style of literature with their unorthodox themes of nature, art, and life; and how those three points can be tied together and used for creative purposes among humankind. Art and life are counterparts; one is lacking without the other. The Romantic period was about passion; finding inspiration and beauty in things people see every day. Wordsworth found childhood memories in a familiar landscape, Blake found himself captivated by the mysteries of how the majestic tiger was created, and Keats’ urn triggered him to put his inquiries of it into poetry. Each man expressed his individual view within their works; and like many of their Romantic contemporaries, their ideas ran against the flow of their time’s societal beliefs.
Romantic poets saw nature as a powerful teacher that helped humans comprehend their place in the universe. An example of this can be portray by the poem "Ode to The West Wind," by Percy Bysshe Shelley. This poem is calling upon the West Wind. Shelley uses passionate words and imagery to portray his recognition of the true beauty behind it. The poem talks about how nature is more powerful than man will ever be. Since the speaker will never conceive such powers, he wishes for the winds to carry his ideas and dreams across the globe for inspiration for others. Thus, allowing man to increase his status by allowing nature to channel
Besides the emotional aspect, this poem also shows what this time period entailed in literary terms. Artists and authors would often base some of their work on surrounding nature since their bond with the natural world and nature was stronger than a connection they formed with a person. This poem helps us understand the components to Romantic writing in this poem.
...time. The undying devotion from a woman to a man, still existed in Ellis, but with the feeling that it was to the religious salvation end. For Browning, these ends were simply obstacles that were lost to her as the wear of sickness ground on her. Within her deep relationship with Robert, was still a meaningful relationship that Ellis may argue with. But such arguments were frequently held over these ideas in the Victorian Era.
The Victorian period was in 1830-1901, this period was named after Queen Victoria; England’s longest reigning monarch. Britain was the most powerful nation in the world. This period was known for a rather stern morality. A huge changed happened in England; factories were polluting the air, cities were bursting at the seams, feminism was shaking up society, and Darwin’s theory of evolution was assaulting long established religious beliefs. The Victorians were proud of their accomplishments and optimistic about the future, but psychologically there was tension, doubt, and anxiety as people struggled to understand and deal with the great changes they were experiencing. One of the authors known for writing during the Victorian Period was Robert Browning. Robert Browning was a poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic monologues, which made him one of the Victorian poets. Robert died in December 1889. His Poem “Porphyria’s Lover” was published in 1836. This essay will explore three elements of Victorianism in Porphyria’s Lover by Robert Brown...
Percy Bysshe Shelley was the definition of a Romantic poet. His philosophical ideals emphasized the importance of aestheticism and his poetry clearly portrayed the beauty and majesty of the natural world. Like many of his Romantic peers, Shelley’s own life was short, tragic, and full of hardships. Drowned in a boating accident before the age of thirty, his one desire that his words would impact and inspire did not become a reality until long after his departure. In his poem, “Ode to the West Wind,” Shelley uses symbolism, simile, meter, imagery, and many other devices to present the power of nature and the speaker’s hope for this power to become part of him in his mission to bring about inspiration and transformation for creative processes.
More than a physical attraction, Browning’s poems seem to put a greater focus on an emotional and spiritual romantic connection between lovers. According to E. D. H. Johnson, a professor at Princeton University, “Ideal love is for Browning the consummation of an intuitive process in which the lovers transcend the barriers of their separate individualities and achieve spiritual union... Browning’s men and women, then, are always seeking to pierce the barrier which...separates two isolated souls reaching toward each other” (Johnson). Love is not simply the physical connection between two people, but even more so one of the soul. Browning’s own romance with his wife Elizabeth Barrett Browning showed some of this ideology; before he had ever met her, he first fell in love with some of her poetry. Only after months of correspondence through letters and poems to each other did the two meet, and eventually marry, but by this time he was already deeply in love with her. Contained in Browning’s collection of works Men and Women, dedicated to Elizabeth, is the poem “In a Year” which, although talking of a love lost, through its delicate word choice, portrays a love that was greater than the pull of a handsome
When considering the social context of the stifling Victorian period, it is revealed that in addition to her message regarding child exploitation, Browning subtly utilised her writing to express her feminist views. Throughout the poem, Browning repeatedly questions the male factory owners that uphold such appalling conditions under the justification of economic progress. By addressing these males exclusively, Browning suggests that only a male-dominated society could treat the young and innocent so poorly. This idea is suggested further by the use of the word “Fatherland,” rather than the traditional “Motherland” to describe England. Browning writes, “For a man’s grief abhorrent, draws and presses / Down the cheeks of infancy.” This metaphor powerfully reiterates that it is the men of society who have treated the children so unjustly. The inferential message implied, is that if the women of the Victorian era did not break the sex barrier and fight for social reform, then they would be forever supressed by the masculine ideals of
Walker Percy's Love in the Ruins presents a society that is a direct satire of our 21st century American society. Percy takes what he considers the negative elements and situations from our society, and reproduces them, distorting them in order to point out the negativity of them. It seems, then, that the society presented in the novel would be distinctly distopian. However, the view that Percy gives us includes many different segments and views of the society, some of which are very utopian. Some of these mini-utopias are actually in the society, but many more are only dreams of the characters. This is an accurate reflection of our society; there are many situations that are utopian for certain people, and every one of us creates utopia in our minds from time to time.