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Crohn's disease and orthodontic treatment
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When an individual receives braces, there may be some discomfort and aphthous stomatitis. Although this may seem like something most do not experience, this problem is more commonly called a canker sore. Although the sore may seem more annoying than anything else, there are links between patients with cankers and a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. These small lesions may change the microbiota of the mouth, leading to a change of the gut microbiota. Because it is believed that Crohn’s disease is related to a change in the gut microbiota, it is possible that the oral lesions and Crohn’s disease are related, but now it might be true that braces also have an effect.
The microbiota, or the microbes living in and on a person, is an important contribution to the health of a person. The mouth, like every other part of the body, is overloaded with microorganisms, including viruses, protozoa, archaea, and bacteria. There are about 1000 different species of bacteria in the mouth. The most commonly seen species of bacteria phyla found in the mouth Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Synergistetes, and Tenericutes. The oral flora is important to maintain, and periodontitis, imflammation of the gums, is one specific disease of the mouth that is due to a contribution of a change in the microbiota. In order to maintain a healthy oral microbiota, brushing teeth with toothpaste and flossing are recommended. The mouth is known to be the cause for many diseases, especially heart disease due to the easy access to the bloodstream (Wade). The microbiota is made up of many types of bacteria that work together to maintain proper health when the patient has good oral hygiene habits.
Braces are a form of dental treatmen...
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...e a patient has braces, and these bacteria could cause mouth lesions, or canker sores, which could eventually affect the gut microbiota. It is best understood that Crohn’s disease is caused by several factors, including a change in the microbiome. Hopefully, if a link can be found between patients with braces and Crohn’s disease, orthodontists in the future can help develop improved ways of maintaining health while a patient has braces.
Works Cited
American Association of Orthodontists. (2012). Why Orthodontic Treatment?
Baumgart, D., & Sandborn, W. (2012). Crohn’s disease. The Lancet, 380, 1590-1605.
Lauritano, D., & Caccianiga, G. (2013). Periodontal aspects in orthodontics. OA Dentistry, 1-7.
Wade, W. (2013). The oral microbiome in health and disease. Elsevier Pharmacological
Research, 69, 137-143.
in the upper GI tract. Gastric and duodenal ulcers can also result from Crohn’s disease and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). The patient does not report a history of Crohn’s disease nor is he symptomatic for it. His symptoms do not indicate (ZES). ZES is a hyper secretory gastric acid disorder that results in multiple peptic ulcers, kidney stones, watery diarrhea and malabsorption.
Field EA, Allan RB. Review article: oral ulceration--aetiopathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and management in the gastrointestinal clinic. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18:949–62. [PubMed]
What is Crohn’s Disease – Aimee Rouski Inspired Published on June 5, 2016 in Health What is Crohn’s Disease? See the recent post by Aimee Rouski on Facebook. I became curious about Crohn’s Disease.
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Candida albicans is a harmless commensal yeast which becomes pathogenic when environmental changes trigger the virulence factors of the organism. Hence Candida species are opportunistic pathogens in susceptible individuals. Oral infection caused by C. albicans known as oral candidiasis or candidosis. However, C. albicans exist in the mouths of 80% of healthy individuals. Any alteration in the environment of oral cavity can change the presence of candida from commensal to pathogenic. This translation in the status of candida is due to many predisposing factors. In the past, oral candidiasis was thought to affect mainly elderly and very young population. Recently, the incidence of oral candidiasis increased greatly with the intensification of HIV infection and immunosuppressive chemotherapy (1, 2). Oral candidiasis colonize 5% to 7% of newborn less than one month old. The infection also estimated to affect 9% to 31% of AIDS patients and nearly 20% of cancer patients (3). This review discuss the possible causes, the types of oral candidiasis, treatment and management strategies.
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