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Psychological effects of war on soldiers
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On March 20, 2003 with the support of the American people, President Bush and the United States of America declared war on Saddam Hussein, as well as the Iraqi nation. The waging of the war cost billions of dollars each day, as the United States prepared to ship over ten thousand American soldiers, an immense amount of ammunition, and dangerous biological weapons. Following the stationing in Iraq, the American soldiers bravely anticipated the day where they would come to the call of their country and serve on the "battlefield." Although carrying out "Operation: Iraq Freedom" required a great deal of bravery, patriotism, and dignity, the most important element needed was the will to fight. The deciding factor in whether the war commenced or not was whether the American soldiers possessed the will and determination to engage in warfare. However, where does the will to fight submerge from? Despite Author Barbara Enrenreich's claim that "even when men have been assembled, willingly or unwillingly, for the purpose of war, fighting is not something that seems to come `naturally' to them"(par 8), man's desire to partake in combat in indeed innate. Our tendency as humans to fight is, without a doubt, inherent. According to a famous psychologist, the propensity for fighting began a long time ago, which for many, was when we were still of young age. The first signs of spontaneous indignation that children usually display begin when they realize that preeminence is no longer possible. This usually occurs when they interact with children whom they have never interacted with before, or when the child covets something that belongs to another child. One such example is when children first go to school. Entering school for the first time... ... middle of paper ... ...can in turn lead to many benefits, however having poor instinct may be dangerous. Whichever way we choose to use our instincts usually depends on the experiences we have endured and how we have been raised. Perhaps when Herbert Spencer coined the term "survival of the fittest", he subliminally meant "survival of those with the best instincts." Work Cited: · Enrenreich, Barbara. "The Ecstasy of War." The Prose Reader: Essays for Thinking, Reading, and Writing. Ed. Kim Flachmann, and Michael Flachmann. Up Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2002. · Enrenreich, Barbara. The Roots of War. 10 Apr. 2003.http://www.alternet.org/story.Ht ml?StoryID=1604. · LeShan, Lawrence. Why We Love War. Jan./Feb. 2003. http://www.utne.com/pub/200 3_115/promo/10207-2.html.
War has always been an essential ingredient in the development of the human race. As a result of the battles fought in ancient times, up until modern warfare, millions of innocent lives have ended as a result of war crimes committed. In the article, “The My Lai Massacre: A Military Crime of Obedience,” Herbert C. Kelman and V.Lee Hamilton shows examples of moral decisions taken by people involved with war-related murders. This article details one of the worse atrocities committed during the Vietnam War in 1968 by the U.S. military: the My Lai Massacre. Through this incident, the question that really calls for psychological analysis is why so many people are willing to formulate , participate in, and condone policies that call for the mass killings of defenseless civilians such as the atrocities committed during the My Lai massacre. What influences these soldiers by applying different psychological theories that have been developed on human behavior.
Denise Grady’s (2006) article sound a strong wake up call for the American government and for the American public to re-evaluate their guiding principles towards war in Iraq and the continued presence of the American soldiers in the Iraqi soil. Grady delineated the enormous damages the war had costs in not only monetary terms but also the future of thousands of promising young and talented men and women sent in the Iraq War; that had no clear benefits to them or the American people.
Warrior ethos without military ethics leads to acts of crime, misconduct, and ethical breaches. On the one hand, fighting spirit is a central piece of combat power. In ancient times, the Spartans cultivated their culture of aggressiveness and competition to defeat their enemies. Soldiers do the same. That is what the US soldier’s creed is all about: “I am an expert and I am a professional. I stand ready to deploy, engage, and destroy, the enemies of the United States of America in close combat.” US soldiers are ready to fight, both mentally and physically. Mental toughness, aggressiveness, and competitive spirit have led generations of soldiers to success. This fighting spirit is necessary.
The war takes a heavy toll on the soldiers who fight in it. The terror of death will infest the minds of soldiers...
A true war story is never moral. It does not instruct, nor encourage virtue, nor suggest models of proper human behavior, nor restrain ...
War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning, written by the talented author Chris Hedges, gives us provoking thoughts that are somewhat painful to read but at the same time are quite personal confessions. Chris Hedges, a talented journalist to say the least, brings nearly 15 years of being a foreign correspondent to this book and subjectively concludes how all of his world experiences tie together. Throughout his book, he unifies themes present in all wars he experienced first hand. The most important themes I was able to draw from this book were, war skews reality, dominates culture, seduces society with its heroic attributes, distorts memory, and supports a cause, and allures us by a constant battle between death and love.
When children experience conflicts it is because they haven’t developed the cognitive and emotional characteristics needed for more mature responses. Mistaken behavior is viewed as something that should be correct through teaching not
All throughout time and history people have been at war with each other at one point or another. War can, truthfully, at times be inescapable and considered by some historians as a natural instinct, an instinct that every human being possess. Throughout history mighty empires and governments have collapsed due to the damages inflicted on by a war, yet in spite of this, some have managed to face the odds and make it through, staggering along as if nothing happened. War is a true test of an empire or government’s determination to move forward, adapting using the knowledge and intellect they have acquired to their own advantage. Nevertheless, not all wars lead to fighting by physical means but instead it can lead to fighting mentally by opposing sides. One such example would be the non-traditional Cold War fought between the United States and Soviet Union. The Cold War was a time that caused an immense fear in the lives of many, and inspired novels such as 1984 by George Orwell, Alas, Babylon by Pat Frank, and essays such as “You and the Atomic Bomb” by George Orwell, which are just some of the voices from this terrible time.
“We all fight on two fronts, the one facing the enemy, the other facing what we do to the enemy” (Boyden 199).
In the short story “Fighter” by Walter Dean Myers, the main character is experiencing a man vs. self-conflict. Billy, the main character, is having trouble deciding in his mind what is best in life for himself and his family’s morale and well-being. In the beginning of the story, Billy had a flashback of when he was in high school. However, Billy was a very poor student and was even expected to fail school. “Billy remembered standing in the back of the room at Junior High School 271, not being allowed to sit down until he had brought his mother in to see the teacher. ‘What are you wasting your time for?’ the guidance counselor asked him. ‘You think it’s going to be easy out there? That was the last day Billy had gone to school” (Myers 35).
...ar, O’Brien was able to turn his pain into a life purpose by immortalizing his loved ones. On the other hand, Bowker was not able to cope and resorted to taking his own life. In high-pressure environments such as war, instinct is the dominating force behind one’s actions. It is something inherent and extremely difficult to change for it corresponds with the person’s deepest desires. Therefore, instinctive reactions are accurate portrayals of a person’s inner identity and character. The cases of Bowker and O’Brien prove that it is the discovery of oneself during war, and not war itself, that has a profound impact on the human spirit.
War is defined differently from different perspectives, some may viewed it positively and some may not. Cochrane, 2008 in his book defined war as being a period of organized violence between at least two parties, who may come from transnational, state or sub-state sources. On the other hand, “war” can also be defined as a patriotic act where one seeks the determination to lead their country as well as a sweet act that willing to sacrifice for their country. It can be viewed cruel, inhumane, and at the same time, noble. Ironically, war can make an individual a hero or a criminal.
Although we are born with some instincts, others, more specific, ones can be developed through experience and training. In any situation, instincts can be good or bad in the outcome, but this is the foundation of how we learn: experience.
...nd embarrassed with their true desires not to fight. There is no freewill at this point because they feel obligated to be the patriotic men. They are confused not knowing the reason for this war but that it is “to stop the Communists, plain and simple” (O’Brien 45). Unfortunately is it not plain and simple, even a million words would not be able to express the experiences that these young men endure. Unlike the Lone Ranger, the soldiers would rather flee due to the natural human instincts toward a dangerous situation. Yet, they suppress their true feelings and fight with all they have. As we can see, the ones that fight to help people that they hardly know are indeed the regular, normal, and everyday human beings. With this in mind, we cannot count on the Lone Ranger to come to the rescue; rather, the heroes are right before our eyes. They are an “everyman.”
According to the scientist research, when children see violence, they become to aggressive way and want to destroy it for little pieces.