1. The Bank of Canada decided to maintain its overnight rate target at 0.5%. This means the bank rate is 0.75% and the deposit rate is 0.25%. The bank rate is the highest interest rate for a one-day loan and it is calculated by the overnight interest rate plus 25 basis points. With the overnight interest rate is 0.5%, the bank rate is 0.5% + 0.25% which is 0.75%. On the contrary, the deposit rate is the lowest interest rate for a one-day loan and it is determined by the overnight interest rate minus 25 basis points. Consequently, the deposit rate is 0.5% - 0.25% which is 0.25%. In figure 17-1, x-axis is settlement balances (reserves) and y-axis is overnight interest rate (ior). The bank rate is (ib) 0.75% and the deposit rate is (ib - 0.50)
In today’s Canadian society, it is certain that criminal law is to serve and protect and its fundamental purpose is to prevent crime and punish offenders. However, there have been cases where criminal law has punished the offender who turned out to be innocent. A conviction is needed to show that the system is not in disrepute and to keep order and people safe in society. If a criminal cannot be caught then people will look down upon the system in disgrace. In many cases, officers will arrest an individual who fits a certain description that they know will lead to an arrest and conviction. In the case of Guy Paul Morin it shows how the system failed in aiding the innocent who abide to the law. The law is established to protect those who are innocent from being targeted because of the law.
In the case of Canada v. Bedford, three sex workers in Ontario Canada, Jean Bedford, Amy Lebovitch and Valerie Scott, challenged the Charter as they stated that the following sections in the Criminal Code violate the rights promised and protected under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms; CC s 210, CC s. 212(1) (j), and CC s. 213(1) (c). These sections “make it an offence to keep or be in a bawdy-house, prohibit living on the avails of prostition, and prohibits communicating in public for the purposes of prostitution,” (Canada v. Bedford, 2013, 6-3). The women claimed that these restrictions did not, in fact, prevent but implement more danger for anyone in the field of work. The women claimed that these restrictions went against their rights protected under s. 2(b) of the Charter as it disabled them from their right to freedom of expression (Canada v. Bedford, 2013, 6). As the provisions were set to prevent “public nuuisance” and “exploitation of prositutes,” they in fact go against the rights in s. 7 of the Charter. Thus, being under declaration of invalidity. This in fact brings upon question on whether it is the right decision to allow prostitution without any regulation in order to impose that the the Charter is not being violated, or whether to suspend the declaration until a proper method has been developed (while infringing the rights of those in the field of work). Ultimately, all of the laws were struck down by the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada.
The Canadian justice system, although much evolved, is having difficulty eliminating bias from the legal system. Abdurahman Ibrahim Hassan, a 39 year old man, died on June 11 in a Peterborough hospital, while under immigration detention. He came to Canada in 1993 as a refugee and was suffering from mental, and physical health issues such as diabetes and bipolar disorder. There was an overwhelming amount of secrecy surrounding the death of this troubled Toronto man, and to this day no light has been shed on this tragedy. (Keung, 2015) An analysis of the official version of the law will reveal how race class and gender coincide with the bias within the legal system.
Human Resources (HR) is responsible for monitoring employee job classifications. The framework of the job description and job analysis ensures a company is compliant and compensates employees fairly. Companies have two options for determining how to categorize their workers, based on the Fair Standards Labor Act (FSLA); employers must recognize an employee job classification as an exempt employee or non-exempt employee. The guidelines suggest the nature of the work performed by the employee determines which classification a company selects. Certain job classifications warrant an employee to receive overtime pay, if a worker works over forty hours during a workweek, which would require the employer to compensate the worker at a higher rate. This process has had conflicts and legal litigation since its inception. There have been numerous complaints filed by employees who feel their jobs are incorrectly classified, and they should be eligible to receive overtime pay. The case below is an example of a legal action filed against employers. These cases are increasing across the country as employer look for ways to augment their payrolls and main production cost.
Tim Horton's is a typical Canadian coffee shop. By observing and interpreting this setting, we can understand Canadian culture as it's expressed in that setting. Understanding this small part of Canadian culture can then be applied, in a broader way, to the culture of Canadian society. A certain language that is special to customers of Tim Horton's serves a purpose that most are not aware of, big business is changing and confusing our traditional culture with a new culture that is run and concerned with money by large corporations. Canadians are generally friendly and polite to one another but are not community oriented, they are more individualistic.
The Canadian Criminal Justice System is, for the most part, reflective of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and various Supreme Court of Canada case-law. Everyone who finds themselves on the opposing end of the Criminal Justice System is entitled to certain protections every step of the way, beginning even before the arrest; laws protect us from unreasonable investigative techniques, guarantee certain rights at point of arrest, and provide us with the right to counsel. The bail court departs from the ‘beyond reasonable doubt’ standard in that the crown only needs to prove on a balance of probabilities (Kellough, 1996, p. 175) in order to take away a person’s freedom. It is for this reason I decided to limit the scope of my observations to the bail court. What I found is a systemic evidence of a two-tier justice system. In this essay, I will outline the roles of the 'regular players' of the bail court and demonstrate how the current bail process essentially transforms the Canadian Criminal Justice System into a two-tier system where the affluent and powerful are able to receive preferential treatment over the poor.
The court system of any country is a fundamental aspect of the society. In this respect, there are no public institutions in Canada which are subject to public scrutiny like the court system. People expectations of how they are treated by others are guided by laws made by various levels of institutions of justice. The Canadian judicial system, particularly, has undergone major developments and challenges as well. This paper explores three published articles that report on the problem of patronage appointments what lies behind the confidence in the justice system and the relevance of gender and gender equality in the legal profession.
Canada Post is one of the largest Crown Corporations. In this report, we have to determine the organization structure and objectives of the Canada Post followed by the audience and market segment being targeted by the organization along with identifying the key success factors and the type of dealings the organization has with the government. With the worldwide growth of Ecommerce Sales, the demand for residential delivery is also increasing thus, Canada Post is operating as primary postal operator all over Canada headquarter in Ontario offering a full range of delivery and fulfillment services to customers. This paper will emphasis on the current environment and capabilities of Canada Post necessary to evaluate its position
MILLERSBURG — Enabling the county to get a jump start on the construction season, Holmes County Engineer Chris Young said he will use a low-interest loan to pay for the first year of a five-year plan to resurface county roads, funding for which was approved by voters in the form of a 0.25 percent sales tax.
Wrongful convictions in Canada is a very sensitive and disturbing topic that has created concerns as to why individuals are being wrongfully convicted. As people in Canada read about cases involving wrongful conviction, such as Guy Paul Morin, Rubin Carter and David Millguard, it often undermines their faith in the criminal justice system. Tunnel vision, the use of questionable DNA evidence, and eyewitness misidentification are the three main causes of wrongful convictions in Canada. Recognizing and addressing these concerns has led to a reduction in cases of wrongful convictions in Canada.
The symbol of the Canadian judicial system is the balanced scales of justice. When a wrongful act is committed, the scales of justice are greatly misplaced and require a solution to counterbalance the crime and restore balance. Additionally, the scales represent the idea that law should be viewed objectively and the determination of innocence should be made without bias. The Canadian criminal justice system encapsulates the idea of the scale of justice, to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate the law. One of the most important aspects of this system is that an individual charged with a criminal offence is presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. The current system has two prevailing methods involved in the process of dealing with crime: Retributive and restorative justice. This paper will analyze aspects of retributive justice and restorative justice, with reference to their respective philosophies, for the purpose of finding which is more effective at achieving justice and maintaining balance.
i. The interest rate on the short term debt (notes payable) will still be 6.5% and long term debt is 11%.
In every society around the world, the law is affecting everyone since it shapes the behavior and sense of right and wrong for every citizen in society. Laws are meant to control a society’s behavior by outlining the accepted forms of conduct. The law is designed as a neutral aspect existent to solve society’s problems, a system specially designed to provide people with peace and order. The legal system runs more efficiently when people understand the laws they are intended to follow along with their legal rights and responsibilities.
Canada is the best place in the word to do business and foreign investment. According to forbes magazines Canada is the best country in G20 for business and banking system has also rated as the world 's soundest for the past six years. There are some countries in the world with a triple A rating and Canada is one of them. This provide confidence to investors to do business in Canada.
Ritter, Lawrence R., Silber, William L., Udell, Gregory F. 2000, Money, banking, and Financial Markets, 10th edn, USA.