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The effect of ict in factory sector
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Automation Technology for Food Processing and Manufacture
Industrial manufacturing technology is constantly changing. In the 1700's, we first really saw the concept of "specialization of labor" in which an individual specialized in one aspect of an item's production. With the Industrial Revolution the 1800's, people began using machines to do their work for them. Through the 1900's to today, we are seeing electronics make even more sophisticated machines possible. It seems with each new step of technology, industry is becoming more and more automated, completely changing the role people play in production. The average "worker" is nearly extinct, having been replaced by engineers, technicians, and the machines originally created to make their jobs easier.
Automation technology is used in every large scale production industry. I chose to learn about automation technology with regards to food processing in particular because it is a field I am familiar with, and it will continue to exist and evolve as long as people and animals need to eat.
Overview
Large scale food production is more involved than one may think. The following are illustrations of a generalized food processing plant, such as one used to make cereal:
Food Process
Packaging Process
These processes are automated using technology created by companies such as Rockwell, Siemens, and Texas Instruments. For the sake of example, I will talk about Rockwell, because it tends to be the leader in the industry.
The Technology
PLC's (Programmable Logic Controls)
- actual sensor inputs are called tags
. speed sensors
. counters
. thermocouples
. photo sensors
. scales
. density sensors
. on/off switches
. anything that can measure the change of the state of something
- each sensor is connected by hardwire to the PLC
- PLC's are connected by Ethernet to a central hub, making data available to all
stations on the network
- form elaborate logic trees
- offers near infinite flexibility
In the essay “Work in an Industrial Society” by Erich Fromm, the author explains how work used to carry a profound satisfaction, however today workers only care about their payment for their labor. Fromm opens up with how craftsmanship was developed in the thirteenth and fourteenth century. It was not until the Middle ages, Renaissance and the eighteenth century, when craftsmanship was at its peak. According to C.W. Mills, workers were free to control his or her own working actions, learn from their work and develop their skills and capacities. Despite what Mills says, people today spend their best energy for seven to eight hours a day to produce “something”. Majority of the time, we do not see the final
With the power of wealth and concentration of industry, the tremendous development in machinery, and power to drive machinery; with the improvement of the tools of labor, so that they are wonderfully tremendous machines, and with these all on the one hand; with labor, the workers, performing a given part of the whole product, probably an infinitesimal part, doing the thing a thousand or thousands of times over and over again in a day-labor divided and subdivided and specialized, so that a working man is but a mere cog in the great industrial modern plant; his individuality lost, alienated from the tools of labor; with concentration of wealth, concentration of industry, I wonder whether any of us can imagine what would be the actual condition of the working people of our country to-day without their organizations to protect them.
Machines have changed Humanity’s lives. This is usually seen as a change for the better, but it came with a price. The industrial revolution brought with it many useful and incredibly productive machines to help humanity, but many were injured by working around them. While some may argue that industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because of fast production of goods, it was actually a negative thing for society. Industrialization’s negative effects were the twelve to sixteen hour work days, work being done by small children, and the pollution that the factories put out.
The evolvement of machinery represents an expansion of human capacities; human control increases over the environment through the ability of production of increasing range and exactitude of response. But the technical development that the control over the machine need no longer be on its operator. This possibility is seized upon by the capitalist mode of production and utilized to the fullest extent. Both of these interests must be antagonistic. The people in charge need to come together and put both of these interests together. These people of higher standard need to come up with a way to bring the special needs of those who own the machine and the labor power, and also the ones who bring the machine and the labor power together.
Before the modern age, workers generally created their own products by hand, but this type of labor process has changed drastically with the rise of new technology and resources. Due to this change, workers were unconnected to their products; since they were no longer involved in the production, they were essentially separated from the creation. During the Industrial Revolution and the Second Industrial Revolution, otherwise known as the Technological Revolution, the rise of technology brought in new machinery that replaced workers. Machines controlled workers; as mentioned in lecture, workers lost all control when they were part of the assembly line. Also in Charlie Chaplin's film, Modern Times, workers had little or no control over the pace of the work, and the smallest distractions can slow down production. This was how workers and labor were described in the mechanized world. Herbert G. Gutman exp...
The run of human kind for more efficiency, productivity and progress may have just about start to show its dark side. For decades the universal truth was that the better we will be in those categories, the more everyone will benefit. Well, it is turning out that it may not be entirely true. This paper aims to argue and reason why we should be worried about future of workplace, its mechanization to be more specific. It is based on the fact that World has technologically evolved and mechanized in the past decades and some jobs are inevitably gone. We do know that those jobs are not coming back, but what we do not know whether the economies will be able to maintain unemployment levels between 5 – 10% in the long-term under such conditions, taking into account the world population more than twice as large as 50 years ago. In the first part, this paper we will examine the beginning of this phenomenon and its roots and the consequences it had so far in the real world. In the end, based on facts collected and knowledge gathered, potential solutions, of this possibly next great structural shift in labor, will be presented.
This paper is briefing of book called “Race against the Machine” written by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee. This paper focuses on the impact of technology on the current employment issues. Three explanations of current economic issues that is cyclical, stagnantion and “end of work” is provided (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2011). Then the idea of excessive progress in technology making man jobless is presented and to support it various arguments are put forward. Secondly the idea of technology development causing division of labor into high skilled, low skilled, capital, labor, superstars and ordinary labors is presented and explained in detail. Finally remedies for solving these issues are presented and explained. Major takeaways of this paper are mismatch between the productivity and job creation, interlink between Technology improvement and division of labor and importance of education in building stable skilled labors and in the developing a stable society. (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2011)
American society changed tremendously from the birth of the Factory System to the 21st century. The factory system was first introduced in the 1400s and has developed in the centuries that has come ahead. It changed many of the industries and made the work force much easier. Some of the changed factors were the assembly line and how gender roles were affected, age in the work force changed. As well as that the food, clothes and automotive industry increasingly became more mobile and time consuming.This led to the contributions on the creation of the Twentieth and Twenty First Centuries. American society changed tremendously by the work force and the effect that
INNOVATION IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION Topic Innovation in Industrial Production-Forbes News Main Theme Tesla’s Innovation are transforming the auto Industry Main World Region America Subthemes Desirable Electric Vehicles (EV) and Transforming Auto Industry from ICE vehicles to electric vehicles Introducing Main Theme The main theme in this article is how Tesla’s innovations are transforming the auto industry. The company has innovated and produced desirable electric cars like Model X doors. The proponent of this argument hold that the losses that Tesla has had are just short run and hold that Tesla is producing extremely needed electric automobiles. These vehicles have fast speed and go long distance over other rechargeable cars (Gregersen, 2016).
The revolution of the 18th and 19th century saw an immense transformation in science, technology and our economy, hence, the transformation from a Neolithic economy to an industrial economy. The revolution impacted on the social-economic in terms of the industrial research and development. Before the revolution labour was manly manual force however, the first revolution saw the materlisation of machines. For examples, the introduction of steam engines provided powered energy used in replacement of manual labour, therefore ...
Throughout history automotive engineering technology has become more advanced in multiple ways. During the 1970s one of the oldest and most used programs was the industrial technology
A 2014 Oxford study found that the number of U.S. workers shifting into new industries has been strikingly small: In 2010, only 0.5 percent of the labor force was employed in industries that did not exist in 2000. The discussion about humans, machines and work tends to be a discussion about some undetermined point in the far future. But it is time to face reality. The future is now. (UPI Top
Historically though, the impact of technology has been to increase productivity in specific areas and in the long-term, “release” workers thereby, creating opportunities for work expansion in other areas (Mokyr 1990, p.34). The early 19th Century was marked by a rapid increase in employment on this basis: machinery transformed many workers from craftsmen to machine minders and although numbers fell relative to output – work was replaced by employment in factories (Stewart 1996, p.13).
...the beginnings of industrialization. The social issues are still unresolved, despite the reincarnation of the Arts and Crafts movement in the emerging Maker Movement. Factory conditions and the treatment of workers is still a prominent social issue. The distribution of resources and wealth is still uneven. The effects of industrialization which surfaced less than a century after the invention of the first mechanized processes are an even bigger problem today than they were almost two hundred years ago.
Today the technological world has developed and has continued to innovate to provide an easier lifestyle. This is the main focus of automation. Automation has gained more recognition from people in the business and industrial sectors. The purpose of this report is to discuss and inform the overview knowledge in the automation field. “Automation is the system of manufacture designed to extend the capacity of machines to perform certain tasks formerly done by humans, and to control sequences of operations without human intervention” (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 2017, p. 1). Humans are capable of such incredible things and have improved throughout time even develop automated technology to do those tasks. Automation and the technology