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Pathophysiology of asthma Essay
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Asthma is a disease that affects the breathing passages of the lungs (bronchioles). People who have asthma always have difficulty breathing. In the United States alone, over twenty-five million Americans are diagnosed with asthma. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), asthma is known to be the third most common disease as well as a leading cause to hospitalization in America. In 2008, one in two people were reported to have asthma attacks which is roughly about twelve million asthma attacks a year. In 2007, the United States spent more than fifty-six million dollars on medical costs, lost school and work days, and early deaths from asthma. Asthma is not visible to the human eye, so it is difficult in an emergency situation for the lay responder to tell whether the victim is having trouble breathing or having an asthma attack. Unlike people who are diabetic and have to wear medical ID bracelets, people with asthma are not required to wear them, but it should be recommended to help the lay responder, the doctors and the paramedics identify the situation they are dealing with at hand. For hours, days or even months a person may be normal but then an attack may suddenly happen out of nowhere.
When people hear the word asthma, the first thing that comes to mind is a nerd wheezing and taking an inhaler almost every five minutes, but that is not the case for everyone who is diagnosed with this disease. A person with asthma will often wheeze, become breathless, experience tightness in the chest, and cough at night or early in the morning. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition and a disease marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, caused by chronic inflammation within the breathing passages. This may...
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...p://www.cdc.gov/asthma/faqs.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014, Feb. 25) “FastStats and Asthma.” Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Web. 9 May 2014. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm Karriem-Norwood, V. (2014, Jan.5) "Asthma Treatment: First Aid Information for Asthma.
“WebMD. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/asthma-treatment Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (1998-2014) "Asthma." Symptoms. Web.
26 May 2014. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/basics/symptoms/con-20026992 Miles, Matthew C. (Apr. 2013) "Asthma.” And Related Disorders: Merck Manual Professional. Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.Web. 9 May 2014. Retrieved from
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Aims: To implement a multi-pronged strategy that (1) educates parents, students, and school staff about asthma and its management, (2) establishes comprehensive asthma screening programs, (3) develops affordable and long-term management strategies for students with asthma, and (4) increases the rigor of school inspections with regards to air quality and other common asthma triggers.
Cough-induced asthma is one of the most difficult asthmas to diagnose. The doctor has to eliminate other possibilities, such as chronic bronchitis, post nasal drip due to hay fever, or sinus disease. In this case the coughing can occur alone, without other asthma-type symptoms being present. The coughing can happen at any time of day or night. If it happens at night it can disrupt sleep.
Secondly, severe asthma can be life-threatening. Suffering from asthma can be frightening to experience and people often feel scared and anxious. The fear and scare can also lead to breathlessness and so mak...
Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic disease sited on chromosome 5 (5q31). [1, 2] There are about 100 genes linked to asthma. These genes handle the immune system and inflammation [3]. One gene known as DENND1B, causes an increased amount of the molecule cytokine to be released. [4] Cytokine is the motive for the symptoms of asthma to arise. Asthma is affected by several genetic and environmental factors that can cause life-threatening complications to occur for the people who have this disease.
Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide and affects approximately 24 million persons in the United States (Morris, 2015). It is the most common chronic disease in childhood, affecting an estimated 7 million children. It is one of the most common reasons for visits in ambulatory settings and accounts for 16.5 million office visits each year (Buttaro, Trybulski, Bailey, & Sandberg-Cook, 2013, p. 408). Improperly managed and poor asthma control can lead to frequent emergency visits, hospital admissions, missed school days, absenteeism from work, and in worst cases, even death. The mortality rate for asthma remains high, approximately 9 deaths per day in 2007. Furthermore, the impact of asthma flare-ups affects health care costs,
Asthma is best described by its technical name: Reversible Obstructive Airway Disease (ROAD). In other words, asthma is a condition in which the airways of the lungs become either narrowed or blocked. The results are usually temporary but they cause shortness of breath, breathing trouble, wheezing, coughing, and tightness in the chest. To know what it really feels like to have asthma, I would like everyone to pick up the straw that’s on their desk and put it in their mouth as if they were using it to drink something. Then, pinch your nose. Try breathing for twenty seconds. A real attack can last up to more than 10 minutes and you are only doing it for 20 seconds. If we had more time, I would have the class go to a stairwell and have you run up and down and see what it is like to have asthma while doing other activities.
Chronic asthma occur when the bronchial mucus membrane are continuously irritated by allergen or irritants initiating inflammatory reaction causing mucosal edema and bronchial spasm causing coughing, wheezing, and sometimes shortness of breath. ...
Asthma is a disease that currently has no cure and can only be controlled and managed through different treatment methods. If asthma is treated well it can prevent the flare up of symptoms such as coughing, diminish the dependence on quick relief medication, and help to minimize asthma attacks. One of the key factors to successful treatment of asthma is the creation of an asthma action plan with the help of a doctor that outlines medications and other tasks to help control the patient’s asthma ("How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?"). The amount of treatment changes based on the severity of the asthma when it is first diagnosed and may be the dosage may be increased or decreased depending on how under control the patient’s asthma is. One of the main ways that asthma can be controlled is by becoming aware of the things that trigger attacks. For instance staying away from allergens such as pollen, animal fur, and air pollution can help minimize and manage the symptoms associated with asthma. Also if it is not possible to avoid the allergens that cause a patient’s asthma to flare up, they may need to see an allergist. These health professionals can help diagnosis what may need to be done in other forms of treatment such as allergy shots that can help decrease the severity of the asthma ("How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?").
A patient with asthma can have a high quality of life, with little, to no inference in daily activities. Patient compliance to proper medication regimens is the main determinant in asthma outcomes. By being vigilant with medication compliance, the patient can be expected to require less hospitalizations and less complications, compared to those with poorly-controlled asthma. It is vital for patients to be able to identify changes in their symptoms that justify seeking medical attention. Increased use of rescue inhaler (more than 2 days a week), restricting activities, missing work/school, and low peak flow measurements compared to their normal measurements are all indicative of change in status of asthma control and warrant health care assistance to return to baseline
The respiratory system works in a way that organs in the body are responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. One major organ is the lungs; it carries out the exchange of gas as we breathe. During the process of breathing, the mechanism can be obstructed in different ways and that can result in inflammation of the lungs. Different diseases are being generated due to inflammation of the lungs but my case study is on Asthma. Based on the summary of Urata Yoshida, “Asthma is a disease that involves inflammation of the lungs which directly affects the airway and obstructs airflow in and out of the lungs”. (Respir Med. 2002). Majority of the time, asthma starts at a young age more like my case study about 17 years old girl called
Asthma affects numerous areas of patient’s lives. Many patients will miss multiple days of work or school due to an episode of exacerbation. One study found that “asthma accounted for 10.5 million missed school days. Children with more severe asthma and/or nighttime symptoms are more likely to suffer academically than those with more mild symptoms.” (Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). Missing school can result in falling behind in classes and increase stress on the patient. For adults, many jobs have a maximum amount of days that can be missed before termination. If the patient has severe asthma, they could potentially miss one day a month for flare-ups or require hospitalizations that lasts 2-4 days. Majority of people are on a fixed budget and cannot afford to miss even one day a
People who live in upstate New York don’t experience the same asthma disparities as those living in the upper part of the Bronx. The environment where some people live could contribute to asthma triggers. People are more susceptible to Asthma then people living in non-polluted areas. As a result, the different kinds of Asthma that impoverished New Yorkers suffer from are: Pollution, Pet dander, and inhabitable living conditions.
Allergic asthma. Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia with mucus secretion, increased IgE, airway hyper-responsiveness and airway remodeling. Asthma is a multi-factorial disease with strong genetic and environmental components (33-35). In the 2004 report from the Global Initiative for Asthma Worldwide, it was estimated that ~300 million people suffer from asthma (36). From 2001 - 2003 an average of 20 million people suffered annually from asthma the United States (2). Asthma affects all demographic groups but can disproportionately impact people based on age, sex, ethnicity, obesity and socioeconomic status and is increasing in prevalence in the United States and World-Wide
This happens because the person with asthma gets their airways in their lungs filled with mucus and also get swollen up. Asthma can not be cured but only controlled by a special type of medicine which can be pills, liquids,
Asthma is a lung disease characterized by chronic inflammation and tightens the airways, making it difficult to breath. According to Mayo Clinic, the number of Americans with asthma grows every year. Currently, 26 million Americans have asthma. Of the 26 million, 18.9 million are adults and 7.1 million are children. People of all races and ages can be affected. The most common asthma symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and pressure and tightness in the chest. An asthma attack can occur if the asthma symptoms worsen. The most common trigger for these symptoms include exercise, weather changes, strong fumes, and allergens. When these triggers are encountered airways become more inflamed than usual making it even harder to breathe or making condition worser. An “asthma attack” describes very severe symptoms. During an asthma attack, you may breathe so fast that you may have a hard time talking. Coughing, wheezing, and chest tightness can cause you to feel anxious or scared. This may make you feel even more short of breath. Although rare, low oxygen levels in your blood may