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Effects of assimilation policy in present day australia
Impact of institutional policies on aboriginal australians
• assimilation impact on aboriginal
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The assimilation policy in the mid-20th century had given equal citizenship for both aboriginals and white Australians. The policy began during the 1940s. The policy didn’t allow the Aboriginals to live there traditional ways of life and also as the policy didn’t take into account the Aboriginal culture ways of life. It was rather to make the Aboriginals become white Australian and they were expected to leave their old ways of life. The policy had forced the Aboriginals to change from their traditional customs in order to live by the standards of the white Australians, many of the Aboriginals where soon after forced off reserves and were made to live in cities and towns. Due to this it was difficult for Aboriginal people to find work due to
...t led to their rights being acknowledged in the Canadian law. Their rights including land claims could no longer be repelled or ignored by the federal government. The Policy of Outstanding Business was a huge breakthrough for Aboriginals as they were able to have their needs taken care of, receive full benefits in claims and became recognized in the Court of law.
During world war two Australia came close to being invaded, the Japanese in Sydney Harbor were a huge fright to many Australians. After world war two it seemed Australia needed to populate or perish. So the government made a big push to fill Australia. Many children were born due to this new idea. They were called the 'Baby boomers'. The baby boomers were being born at huge rates and inflating Australians population. The white Australia policy was pretty much abandoned as migrants flooded into Australia. White Australians still felt that they were superior but they needed these immigrants to populate Australia.
Immigration, the act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. Throughout the United States’ history, immigrants faced various challenges and especially after 1880. Most immigrants moved to achieve the American dream of having a better life and pursuing their dreams. But, this experience as they moved, was different for every immigrant. Some lives improved while others did not. Immigrants such as Catholics, Italians, and the Chinese were not welcomed into America in the late 19th century and early 20th century because of their differences in beliefs and cultures.
As European domination began, the way in which the European’s chose to deal with the Aborigines was through the policy of segregation. This policy included the establishment of a reserve system. The government reserves were set up to take aboriginals out of their known habitat and culture, while in turn, encouraging them to adapt the European way of life. The Aboriginal Protection Act of 1909 established strict controls for aborigines living on the reserves . In exchange for food, shelter and a little education, aborigines were subjected to the discipline of police and reserve managers. They had to follow the rules of the reserve and tolerate searchers of their homes and themselves. Their children could be taken away at any time and ‘apprenticed” out as cheap labour for Europeans. “The old ways of the Aborigines were attacked by regimented efforts to make them European” . Their identities were threatened by giving them European names and clothes, and by removing them from their tra...
The protection policy the first policy and had serious affects on the aboriginals of Australia. Violence against aboriginal people had been at a high rate, the white Australians felt it their duty to protect the aboriginals, the policy aimed to separate aboriginals from white Australians. They were removed and put into government reserves and church missions, where they were forced to become Christians. The aim of the policy and missions was to eradicate all aboriginals’ languages, religions and spirituality, In 1883 a protection board was set up to run the missions. The missions and camps had a paternalistic approach, treating the aboriginals the way a parent would treat a small child. The impact from this policy was horrific, with the mission being similar to a prison. Aboriginals lost their independence and became extremely reliant o...
The assimilation policy was a policy that existed between the 1940’s and the 1970’s, and replaced that of protectionism. Its purpose was to have all persons of aboriginal blood and mixed blood living like ‘white’ Australians, this established practice of removing Aboriginal children (generally half-bloods) from their homes was to bring them up without their culture, and they were encouraged to forget their aboriginal heritage. Children were placed in institutions where they could be 'trained' to take their place in white society. During the time of assimilation Aboriginal people were to be educated for full citizenship, and have access to public education, housing and services. However, most commonly aboriginal people did not receive equal rights and opportunities, for example, their wages were usually less than that paid to the white workers and they often did not receive recognition for the roles they played in the defence of Australia and their contribution to the cattle industry. It wasn’t until the early 1960’s that expendi...
Within Australia, beginning from approximately the time of European settlement to late 1969, the Aboriginal population of Australia experienced the detrimental effects of the stolen generation. A majority of the abducted children were ’half-castes’, in which they had one white parent and the other of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. Following the government policies, the European police and government continued the assimilation of Aboriginal children into ‘white’ society. Oblivious to the destruction and devastation they were causing, the British had believed that they were doing this for “their [Aborigines] own good”, that they were “protecting” them as their families and culture were deemed unfit to raise them. These beliefs caused ...
The rights of Indigenous Australians were restricted by the Government policy of protection and assimilation. The Aboriginal Protection Act was passed in 1869, which gave power over the lives of Aboriginal people to the government, such as where they could live or work. They removed mixed decent Aboriginal children from their families in an attempt to assimilate them into white society. The Child Welfare Act 1939 abandoned this policy and gave Indigenous parents the right to take their children back. But the children were moved far away, and even if they were found and returned, many of them were mistreated and didn’t return the same to their families. This had devastating effects on Indigenous parents, and many white Australians didn’t understand this impact at the time.
Parbury (1999:64) states that Aboriginal education “cannot be separated” from the non-Aboriginal attitudes (racially based ethnocentricity that were especially British ie. white and Christian) towards Aborigines, their culture and their very existence. The Mission Schools are an early example of the connection between official education policies and key events in Aboriginal history. Aboriginal children were separated from their parents and placed into these schools which according to McGrath (as cited by Parbury, 1999:66) it was recommended that these establishments be located ‘as far as possible’ from non Aboriginal residents so as to minimize any heathen influence that Aboriginal children might be subject to from their parents. Mission Schools not only prepared Aboriginal youth for the manual labour market but also, adds Parbury (1999:67) their aim was‘to destroy Aboriginal culture and replace it with an Anglo-European work and faith ethic.’ Despite the NSW Public Instruction Act (1880) which made education free, secular and compulsory for all children Aboriginal children could be excluded from public schools based on prevailing dominant group attitudes. Consequently, the NSW Aborigines Protection Act (1909) was introduced as a result of a perceived public education crisis and Laws had already been passed, similar to protectionist type policies. This Act gave the State the power to remove Aboriginal children from their families whereby this period of time has become known as ‘Stolen Generations.’ It was during this time that Aboriginal children were segregated from mainstream schools. (Parbury, 1999; Lippman, 1994).
These policies have impacted Aboriginal people and their communities in countless ways and has left a permanent mark on them. I believe that the manner in which this assimilation was attempted was horrendous and caused unimaginable harm. One of the key players in the establishment of the Indian Act, John A McDonald himself said that the goal was to integrate Aboriginals into the European life style "…as speedily as they are fit to change." This quote in itself illustrates the carelessness and inconsideration there was to how this transformation may impact the Aboriginals and their communities. The sole objective was to strip their culture as quickly as possible and replace it with what was deemed acceptable by the government. Families' were
Therefore the council tried to start this harmony in many kinds of ways such as exhibitions, concerts and meetings which works had played a significant role in promoting. They also found some approaches of reconciliation. Firstly an important part of reconciliation is solving the economic and social inferior position which is subjected to Indigenous Australians. Because they were poor and could not get the equal treated, about nine percent of Indigenous households were living in overcrowded places, thus more vulnerable to the spread of infectious diseases (John,1999). Secondly, the need for a sense of political command by Indigenous Australians. The Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) passed and Indigenous Australians became more powerful. The Aboriginal allowed to provide funds and developed it in economic, social and cultural benefits after the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) passed. Thirdly, the vitally important year which was bring the culture identity was 1997. The big steps about reconciliation were ‘Bringing Them Home’ report and ‘The Australian Reconciliation Convention’. And also, the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games was a
The government had imposed through the act an electoral system that in their perspective was ideal and would help aboriginal people. During that time, most governors criticized the traditional governmental structure of the First Nations without taking into account the great cultural value self-governance it represented. It was a system that had existed throughout many generations and reflected their values and beliefs. The electoral system entrenched by the act to their political structure only dismissed Aboriginals needs and rights. Its purpose of assimilation also ignored completely the fact that all of the First Nations tribes were unique in many different ways specially when it came to governing. So, this change that happened in Aboriginal
The intent of the Europeans was never that of cultural syncretism, they were under orders to treat the indigenous population kindly but their ultimate goal was always to make a nation of their own, and for them there was simply no place in that nation for the aboriginal people in the way that they were seen. Although the creation of Australia was beneficial for the millions and millions that have lived there since, the rapid and total spread of European culture did not have a place for the indigenous population. There were many attempts to introduce the aboriginals into European society, even if somewhat misguided, but the thriving nature of European culture in Australia warranted no need for them to take on any aboriginal culture. As a result traditional aboriginal culture was left to only the ones not forcibly introduced into the new society, in later years less still were left as the attractive promises that European life offered lured many to a dream of extravagance and wealth. In recent years attempts have been made for aboriginal welfare and some incorporation into Australia’s now very different culture, but still the continued disregard for aboriginal culture could be argued. Australia is now seen as a multicultural country and it is still seen that the incorporation of new foreign cultures is continuously prioritised over learning from the traditional owners of the land and incorporating the most Australian culture there could be. The long term effect of the aboriginals losing their image and culture to the expanding Australian culture has been happening since the arrival of the first fleet and will most likely will still happen as the extravagant culture of Australia continues to become more and more
In the Middle East, the refugee crisis has sent hundreds of thousands of immigrants all around the world. Immigrants from the refugee crisis, and around the world have turned to Europe as a new place to live. More specifically, they turned to the European Union, or the EU. The EU is comprised of 28 member countries, soon to be 27. This caused many problems. This transition was difficult for Europeans and it caused tensions among them. It has sparked nervousness among EU citizens because of things like possible terrorism. There has also been a lot of racism and hate toward immigrants and overall it has been hard for immigrants and EU citizens to adapt to the change. The EU has done a terrible job handling this crisis and has proven to be the
According to Morrissey et al (1991) written in Burnet (1998), assimilation is the achievement of invisibility by the immigrants’ through their attainment of normal Australian practices. According to Wagley and Harris written in Berndt (1964), assimilation means that a minority group loses its identity as a discreet group and merges with the dominant group. In this case, immigrants become more like local people by adopting the values, norms, foods, and culture from host countries.