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The importance of standardized tests
Disadvantage of standardized testing
Should emphasis be placed on standardized testing
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• Reliability is defined as dependability. Validity is defined as being truthful, fair, or reasonable. Standard one of reliability asks if the material being tested on in familiar to the student being tested. It also asks if the student able to perform the same action, or come up with the same result, using the same material given, multiple times. Standard 2 of reliability asks if there is enough proof that the student can in fact do the skill being tested on. Homework, classwork, and scores made on previous quizzes could help provide proof that the student knows the material or can perform the skill. Standard three of reliability asks if the directions and what is expected from the students is clear to the students being tested. The students
One problem with standardized testing is that it narrows curricula to what the tests assess. Since the tests focus on math and reading, educators often overlook other core areas. There are eight different types of learning that educators recognize in students. These include math/logic, linguistic, visual/spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, musical, and kinesthetic. Standardized tests used in schools only test math/logic and linguistic skills, so students who are strong...
. Students’ academic skills and intellectual development (e.g., do students have sufficient background knowledge or academic skills to move onto the next topic?) Students’ assessments of their own learning skills (e.g., do students feel prepared to learn new material from the textbook, without classroom review?) students' reactions to various teaching methods, materials, and assignments (e.g., do students believe the exams fairly cover the material stressed in
Validity refers to ability of an instrument to measure the test scores appropriately, meaningfully, and usefully (Polit& Beck, 2010). The instrument has been developed to serve three major functions: (1) to represent a specific universe of content, (2) to represent measurement of specific psychological attributes, (3) to represent the establishing of a relationship with a particular criterion. There are three types of validity; each type represents a response to one of three functions
The following article analysis review by Team B illustrates and identifies several examples of statistics abuse in the practical world as a result of flawed research. The following examples demonstrate how a manger could and in many examples, does make erroneous decisions due to inaccurate statistics. The team has compiled the results by detailing the respective articles.
Reliability (extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test or on retesting)- Comparing test scores to those of the standardizing group still won't tell us much about the individual unless the test has reliability. Validity is the most important requirement of all. A test must actually measure what it is intended to measure. Content validity-the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest and Predictive validity- the success with which a test predicts behavior it is designed to predict.
The quantitative research article that I chose to review was a study completed by Dougherty and Thompson (2009), found in Research in Nursing & Health. Very few researchers have focused their study on the impact of cardiac arrest and ICD implantation on a patient’s intimate partner. What little is known about caregiving responsibilities and caregiver burden after a cardiac illness or event has previously been focused on the spousal experiences following an acute myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (Dougherty & Thompson, 2009). The researchers in this article chose to study the physical and mental health effects of the intimate partners of persons after sudden cardiac arrest and receipt of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Intimate partners were defined as being the spouse, lover, or significant other living in the same household as the patient during the study enrollment. Complete data collection was obtained from 100 intimate partners that participated in the study. Subjects were recruited from 10 Pacific Northwest hospitals after patient’s received an ICD after cardiac arrest. Data were collected by the researchers between 1999 and 2002.
Cohen et al. (2010) wrote that assessment can be a major contributor to raising standards in schools in terms of teaching, learning and student achievement. In addition, if assessment is properly handled with consistency, reliability, validity and rigour, it can have a possitive effect on learning and can improve students' own understanding of how can they learn more effectively and improve.
...verage. When having test scores as an indication of a school’s competency, everything will be out of place, time oriented into a time slot we do not have the right amount of time for, and students will be peer pressured and possibly embarrassed.
The fact that all scores are based on consensus between different assessors and assessment techniques at the end of each re test exercise and at the end of the assessment centre means that this form of reliability is very high. Test-retest reliability is also very high, as the competencies being assessed are complex, and the behavior patterns are well established and unlikely to change over time unless a conscious efford is made to do so.
Reliability and validity are two concepts that go hand in hand when creating a job analysis. Without one concept, the other may not exist. These terms are used when analyzing results of tests that new employees have taken. Validity and reliability allow for more accuracy within the workplace.
Research is a big component of a well written and credible paper. In order for your research paper to be a reliable source of information it needs to be based off of scholarly articles and books in order to insure that the information you are writing about is correct. With the help of the 21st century technology it is now comparatively easy to do research since most sources are electronic and you can search through them using key words and phrases. Advanced searches can help you narrow down the information even further and help you get the information you need in a fraction of time. Technology is a blessing and a curse in many ways.
Predictive validity is research that uses the test scores of all applicants and looks for a relationship
An IQ test, for instance, is considered as a standardised test. IQ test itself is objected to find out how good a person can think logically. Frankly, the higher the IQ score, it indicates smartness, whereas people who achieve lower score are perceived as slow-thinkers, or “dumb.” Schools internationally have commonly practiced standardised testing as a part of assessing students’ knowledge about a certain topic to ensure that their progress is monitored well by the teachers and to ensure that students have achieved the expectations that must be met. However, although it may be practical for teachers to review students using this way, standardised test is not an accurate tool to predict whether a student advances at a certain topic or not.
Formative assessments require the educator to be organised and efficient as there is many record keeping processes going on at one time, with the whole group of students. Summative assessments are pre-planned, making them time efficient but they often lack the flexibility to ensure all students’ learning styles are catered for. Standardised testing allows the relevant government authorities, school stakeholders, family, and community to observe student achievement on a whole, but there can be a lot of pressure to perform to the expected level and again, this method does not account for students individual learning differences. Non-standardised testing varies as each school will have their own work plans devised for the year, these plans will vary between schools and may disadvantage a student who has to change schools during the year. Authentic assessments and assessments for learning are aimed at teaching real life skills, which are useful in everyday life. This includes incorporating literacy and numeracy, as well as other topics, into assessments and lessons in a meaningful way. Formal assessments include summative and standardised testing, they are assessments which are fixed in context and not modified to suit the individual learner. Informal assessments include formative assessments and assessments for learning. These assessments are focused on the individual and making the most out of learning opportunities. There is some advantage to using a combination of assessment styles, an educator must consider what rules and regulations must be followed whilst ensuring that each student receives a quality education, using methods that suit each
The Importance and Appropriateness of Utilizing Different Methodologies for Research. Introduction The process of research entails the logical as well as systematic search for useful data and information with regard to a specific topic (Jha, 2008). It is also comprised of the investigation of the best, most cost effective and appropriate solutions to both social and scientific issues, following an objective and logical analysis. Jha, (2008) defines research as the search for knowledge and the discovery of the truth. During this process, the data can be gathered from a wide pool of sources among them interviews, books, nature among others.The data can then be analyzed with the appropriate data analysis tools, so as to report the findings