Chapter 3 Case Study 3.1. General The conventional procedure to determine the Asphalt film thickness is the concept of the Hveem Method which have been developed in California under the direction of Mr. F.N. Hveem in the 1930s. These method has been modified several times to adjust the changes in traffic and other conditions. Hveem assumed that each aggregate particle needed to be covered by the same optimum film thickness. The surface area calculation is a starting point to select asphalt content in the test series of Hveem method. The asphalt film thickness is calculated as a ratio of the effective volume of asphalt to the surface area of the aggregate. The current techniques for calculating film thickness is based on the surface area …show more content…
Multiply each sieve passing percentage by its appropriate area factor. E.g. if 5% passes 75 μm sieve, the calculation is 0.05 x 32.77 = 1.64 m2/kg Be sure to account for the material above 4.75 mm by using 100% times the factor, i.e.1 x 0.41. Sum all the above calculated areas. This equals the total surface area (SST) in m2/kg for the mix. Calculate the Absorbed Asphalt using the following formula: Absorbed Asphalt=(ASP x BSG-[(BSG (100+ASP))/TMSG-100]ASG)/BSG ………………. (Eq 3.3) Where: ASP = Asphalt content of the mix by dry weight of aggregate BSG = Bulk specific gravity of the aggregates in the asphalt mix TMSG = Theoretical maximum specific gravity of the asphalt mix ASG = Specific gravity of the asphalt cement in the mix Convert percent absorbed asphalt to percent absorbed by total mix basis (P_ba): P_ba=% Absorbed Asphalt x 100/(100+% asphalt) ………….. (Eq 3.4) Calculate percent asphalt content (P_b) by total mix basis: P_b=% Apshalt x 100/(100+% Asphalt) ………………………… (Eq 3.5) Calculate Effective Asphalt (P_be) by total mix …show more content…
The first group is control group without any conditioning while the second group is vacuum saturated (55-80%) at 28.6 in HG for 5 minutes. After saturation, the second group cores are placed in 140°F (60°C) water bath for 24 hours. Then the ITS test is performed on the sample at 77°F (25°C) at a loading rate of 2in/min. The minimum acceptable TSR used is 0.7 to 0.8 (Tunncliff et al. 1984). 2.4.4 Modified Lottman Test It is the combination of the Lottman Test and the Tunncliff and Root test. In this method, the second group after saturation is kept in a freezer (0°F or -18°C) for 16 to 18 hours. The frozen cores are then removed and kept in water bath at 140°F (60°C) for 24 hours. The Resilient Modulus and ITS test are performed after conditioning. ITS test is performed as per Standard Specifications 1995. The minimum acceptable TSR used is 0.7 (Roberts et al. 1996). 2.5 Retained Marshall Stability Test This method determines the retained Marshall stability on Marshall Compaction specimens after curing for 24 hours in a water bath at 60° C. (Standard Test Procedure Manual, 2001). Equipment Required:- Water bath capable of maintaining a temperature at 60°
5. A second test tube was then filled with water and placed in a test
The procedure of the lab on day one was to get a ring stand and clamp, then put the substance in the test tube. Then put the test tube in the clamp and then get a Bunsen burner. After that put the Bunsen burner underneath the test tube to heat it. The procedure of the lab for day two was almost exactly the same, except the substances that were used were different. The
10cm3 of 1 molar solution. I will use 3 of each solution to ensure that
The results for the various conditions differed dramatically. As seen in the table, “Data Collected During Time Interval” the reference test tube remained at a trasmittance level of 100% for all five experimental tests. The control solution remained fairly constant for all five tests, but did vary slightly after the five minute time interval.
Experimental: The experimental procedure outlined in the OU Physical Chemistry Laboratory Manual was followed without any deviations.
This was allowed to mix for a few minutes; a little excess water was used to ensure that sodium bromide was fully dissolved. This mixture was placed in an ice bath while continuing to stir. 1.3 ml (24.39 mmols) of concentrated sulfuric acid was added dropwise. The flask was removed from the ice bath and heated to reflux for 1 hour while continuing to stir. The resulting top layer was transferred to a conical vial in which 1.5 mL (22.51 mmols) of 80 % sulfuric acid was added. 2.0 mL of water was added to allow a layer to form. The bottom layer was removed and transferred to another conical vial in which 2.0 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate was added. The bottom, organic layer, was transferred to a conical vial. Calcium chloride, a drying agent, was used to collect the remaining aqueous layer that
In my experiment, I will use an overall volume of 50 cm³ of 2moles of
Add 138 mg of salicylic acid, a drop of 85 % phosphoric acid, 0.3 mL of acetic anhydride and a boiling chip into a reaction tube.Mix them thoroughly, and place in a steam bath for approximately 5 minutes. After the reaction tube rested in the steam bath for 5 minutes, 0.2 mL of water was added to the tube. The tube was then placed in a test tube rack to cool down to room temperture. Once the substance reached room tempertaure it was placed inside of an icebath for 10 minutes to crystallize. The product then had to undergo the filteration process. The filtered product was
I prepared two large test tubes, each should have an inch of KOH pellets on the bottom of the tube. Next, a cotton ball is placed in each of the two test tubes above the KOH to plug the tube. Now one tube is filled to the top with peas, the peas are then removed and weighed to the nearest.1 grams, this is the experimental tube. The control tube is filled with plastic balls to the same height as the experimental tube. Next, a rubber stopper with attached capillary tubing is inserted in each test tube.
11.) Subtract the mass of the evaporating dish from the mass of the evaporating dish and it's contents. Multiply that number by 10 to get the solubilty in grams per 100 cm3 of water.
The procedure for this experiment can be found in Inorganic Chemistry Lab Manual prepared by Dr. Virgil Payne.
In a 250ml beaker place 100mls of water, measure the temperature of the water and record this initial temperature onto a table. Set the timer and add one teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate to the water, stir this continuously until the Ammonium Nitrate has dissolved. After 1 minute measure the temperature and record it, do this for a further 2 minutes (3 minutes in total). Repeat this process for a total of 10 teaspoons.
Volume = Length - (2 * Cut Out) * Width - (2 * Cut Out) * Height
* Amount of sugar solution in each test tube. * The potatoes have to have the same mass.
second test tube also add 6 mL of 0.1M HCl. Make a solution of 0.165