Artificial Intelligence And Cybernetics In Computer Science

Artificial intelligence is a sub-topic of computer science which creates software and

hardware that contains some of the flexibility show by natural, particularly human and animal,

intelligence. All AI computer programs are built on two basic elements: a knowledge base and an

inferencing capability causing certain tasks to be performed more accurately and faster by

programmed computers compared to human beings. These tasks particularly include numerical

computation and the storage, retrieval, and sorting of large quantities of information. However,

despite years of dedicated research, the ability of computers to interact flexibly with the real

world remains faltered with little progress. Although, as artificial intelligence continues to

evolve, many other applications, including problem solving in mathematics and expert systems

in medicine, will improve alongside artificial intelligence. At the same time, there is no

established unifying theory that guides AI research. Instead, there are many subfields of artificial

intelligence which work alongside each other to create specialized systems which include

artificial agents, systems that perceive the environment and take actions to increase chances of

success. These systems include symbolic, sub-symbolic, statistical, and cybernetics. Cybernetics

is the study and analysis of control and communication systems, regarding both artificial and

biological systems. One of the main branches of cybernetics is artificial intelligence which

explicitly relates cybernetics to the theory of automatic control and to the physiology of the

nervous system in an effort to develop equivalent electronic systems. The behavior of living

nervous systems has been studied by biologists and c...

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...purely robotic systems for use in

manufacturing. This topic was part of the earliest work in cybernetics and continues being

relevant today.

Cybernetics is a field that is quickly moving from theory to reality. In the past and

present, early work sought to define and apply principles by which systems may be controlled.

However, more recent work has attempted to understand how systems describe themselves,

control themselves, and organize themselves. For the future cyberneticists will further research

the control aspects of cybernetics which continue to hold relevance in engineering and

technology. These communication aspects of cybernetics remain subjects of analysis and

continue to motivate innovations in theory and practice. Regardless, cybernetics will always be a

necessary part artificial intelligence and will continue to thrive in the future.