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Artificial intelligence research essay
Artificial intelligence research essay
Artificial intelligence research essay
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Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence or "AI" is the study of computer science that tries to enlighten and to imitate, through machine-driven or computational procedures, facets of human intelligence. Incorporated amid these aspects of intelligence are abilities to intermingle with the natural world across sensory methods and decision making abilities in unpredictable situations without human interference. Standard areas of exploration in AI consist of computer vision, game playing, learning, natural language understanding and synthesis, as well as problem solving and robotics (Noreen Herzfeld, 2003).
No one has agreed on a concrete definition of artificial intelligence, largely because there is insignificant understanding as to what comprises intelligence. Explanations of what it requires to be intelligent vary, however the majority can be grouped in one of three ways. Intelligence can be thought of as a quality, a unique person held property that is separable from all other properties of the human being. Intelligence is also observed in the occupations one performs, in engagements or the ability to carry out certain tasks. Finally, several researchers see intelligence as a characteristic that can only be learned and validated through relationship with other intelligent beings. All of these considerations of intelligence have been applied as the basis of a method to developing computer programs with intelligent characteristics (Noreen Herzfeld, 2003).
Cognitive Psychology, Computers and Artificial Intelligence
Physicists recognized that any observation we make of the natural world is likely to disturb it. They would have to attempt to bridge the artificial gap between observers and observed, between ...
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...power and ultimately save lives.
"Scientists Tap the Cognitive Genius of Tots to Make Computers Smarter." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 13 Mar. 2012. Web. 24 Mar. 2012. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120313121727.htm
This essay shows how flexible a toddler’s mind is and how it can be used to make computers smarter, instead the computer being used to make them smarter. They mimic the toddler’s intelligence to create artificial intelligence for the computer.
Schultz, Duane P., and Sydney Ellen. Schultz. A History of Modern Psychology. 9th ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2008. Print.
"Teach Your Robot Well." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 08 Mar. 2012. Web. 24 Mar. 2012. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120308153535.htm
This essay will show how common the robot will become within the next decade. It also shows how far computer technology
D. Brett King, Wayne Viney, & William Douglas Woody, (2013). A History of Psychology, Ideas & Context. 3rd ed. United States: Pearson.
Technology is evolving at an all time rate. Every aspect of life seems to have a machine that can do what you used to do, for you: the car that can park itself, the stairs that climb… or rather escalate for you, and too many drones flying around to count. Clive Thompson explores the ever changing world of technology and addresses the best use for technology in Smarter than You Think: How Technology Is Changing Our Minds for the Better. The author begins by proposing an intriguing question about chess: who is better at it, humans or computers? The ultimate battle of grand chess master versus supercomputer. On one hand, Thompson refers to how humans are intuitive, insightful, and can read their opponents emotionally. On the other hand, he mentions
This world of artificial intelligence has the power to produce many questions and theories because we don’t understand something that isn’t possible. “How smart’s an AI, Case? Depends. Some aren’t much smarter than dogs. Pets. Cost a fortune anyway. The real smart ones are as smart as the Turing heat is willing to let ‘em get.” (Page 95) This shows that an artificial intelligence can be programmed to only do certain ...
Hergenhahn, B. R. (2009). An introduction to the history of psychology (6th ed., p. 224,
One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the imitation game, since it is basically a game in which a computer imitates a conversating human. In an analysis of the Turing Test I will focus on its features, its historical background and the evaluation of its validity and importance.
The official foundations for "artificial intelligence" were set forth by A. M. Turing, in his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" wherein he also coined the term and made predictions about the field. He claimed that by 1960, a computer would be able to formulate and prove complex mathematical theorems, write music and poetry, become world chess champion, and pass his test of artificial intelligences. In his test, a computer is required to carry on a compelling conversation with humans, fooling them into believing they are speaking with another human. All of his predictions require a computer to think and reason in the same manner as a human. Despite 50 years of effort, only the chess championship has come true. By refocusing artificial intelligence research to a more humanlike, cognitive model, the field will create machines that are truly intelligent, capable of meet Turing's goals. Currently, the only "intelligent" programs and computers are not really intelligent at all, but rather they are clever applications of different algorithms lacking expandability and versatility. The human intellect has only been used in limited ways in the artificial intelligence field, however it is the ideal model upon which to base research. Concentrating research on a more cognitive model will allow the artificial intelligence (AI) field to create more intelligent entities and ultimately, once appropriate hardware exists, a true AI.
"My name is Dorothy," said the girl, "and I am going to the Emerald City, to ask the Oz to send me back to Kansas."
Despite the wide use (and misuse) of terms such as intelligent systems, there is no widely agreed-upon scientific definition of intelligence. It is then useful to think of intelligence in terms of an open collection of attributes. There is a list of attributes that are seen as the general characteristics of intelligence and a few examples of these are Communication, adaptation, and reasoning. AI systems do not come anywhere close to exhibiting any of these characteristics, except for in narrow areas.
New advancements make it possible to not only program computers to do what people tell them to, but to think for themselves.
The computer has been one of man’s most influential inventions, paving the way for greater achievements with time. Today, computers have become an essential component in fulfilling everyday tasks in both our professional and personal lives. Computers are used to store vast amounts of information, and even replace humans in factories throughout the world. We must now ask ourselves, is this reliance on computers aiding the human mind in achieving its full potential or rather replacing it and hindering our progress? Society has now become dependant on computers. How does this machine affect our youth and learning process? We have invented a machine with a greater, and faster learning capacity as our own. A new generation has risen that have used computers for most of their lives so it is not surprising that they have become highly dependent on the computer. As of now, humans only use less than twenty percent of their brains, and with computers doing most of our work, this number is slowly decreasing.
Imagine asking your computer to do something in the same way you would ask a friend to do it. Without having to memorize special commands that only it could understand. For computer scientists this has been an ambitious goal; that can further simplify computers. Artificial Intelligence, a system that can mimic human intelligence by performing task that usually only a human can do, usually has to use a form of natural language processing. Natural language processing, a sub-field of computer science and artificial intelligence, concerns the successfully interaction between a computer and a human. Currently one of the best examples of A.I.(Artificial Intelligence) is IBM 's Watson. A machine that gained popularity after appearing on the show
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
Artificial intelligence is the engineering of machines, especially computer programs that usually involve human intelligence. Artificial intelligence is using computers to understand human intelligence such as visual awareness, decision-making, and converting language. It could also be described as turning human intelligence into intelligence for machines and technology. The future capabilities of machines are dependent upon how well the machine can replicate human intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is defined as developing computer programs to solve complex problems by applications of processes that are analogous to human reasoning processes. Roughly speaking, a computer is intelligent
Artificial Intelligence “is the ability of a human-made machine to emulate or simulate human methods for the deductive and inductive acquisition and application of knowledge and reason” (Bock, 182). The early years of artificial intelligence were seen through robots as they exemplified the advances and potential, while today AI has been integrated society through technology. The beginning of the thought of artificial intelligence happened concurrently with the rise of computers and the dotcom boom. For many, the utilization of computers in the world was the most advanced role they could ever see machines taking. However, life has drastically changed from the 1950s. This essay will explore the history of artificial intelligence, discuss the