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Concept of intelligence
Concept of intelligence
Concept of intelligence
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Despite the wide use (and misuse) of terms such as intelligent systems, there is no widely agreed-upon scientific definition of intelligence. It is then useful to think of intelligence in terms of an open collection of attributes. There is a list of attributes that are seen as the general characteristics of intelligence and a few examples of these are Communication, adaptation, and reasoning. AI systems do not come anywhere close to exhibiting any of these characteristics, except for in narrow areas.
People would probably agree that trademark of intelligence is certainly not the ability to display any of these attributes but the ability to do this in a wide range of areas. It is also known that different systems can display different attributes
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Well, we can observe artificial intelligence in our everyday lives, for example, Alexa which is amazon’s google search based machine, fingerprint / Facial recognition for our cell phones, and even the self-driving cars that were created by Tesla. Each of these listed is some forms of artificial intelligence (AI) and but as stated before, they are only narrow but they are showing us that there are advances being made at an astonishing rate. AI is often viewed as machines that express human characteristics. Today’s day in age, Artificial intelligence is only used in narrow forms, for example, facial recognition, voice-activated online searches, and even driving a car as seen in the Tesla. The end goal that most researchers have for AI is that they wish that humans will be outperformed by machines in nearly every cognitive …show more content…
This is the focus on what society is doing now. In the 1970’s scientists found that computers could be programmed to do a set of instructions but were unable to provide a code for feelings or even the ability to give meaning to their life (Honavar). However in today’s society, AI is generally made out of a discipline called Machine learning, and this often explores the construction and the algorithms that can be learned. In machine learning, there are three subgroups, Supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. Each of these having a significant impact on the world of
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the newest fields in Science and Engineering. Work started in earnest soon after World War II, and the name itself was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy. Artificial Intelligence is an art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people [Kurzweil, 1990]. It encompasses a huge variety of subfields, ranging from general (learning and perception) to the specific, such as playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on the crowded street, and diagnosing diseases. Artificial Intelligence is relevant to any intellectual task; it is truly a Universal field. In future, intelligent machines will replace or enhance human’s capabilities in
One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the imitation game, since it is basically a game in which a computer imitates a conversating human. In an analysis of the Turing Test I will focus on its features, its historical background and the evaluation of its validity and importance.
Webster's Collegiate Dictionary defines intelligence as the capacity to apprehend facts and propositions, to reason about them, and the ability to understand them and their relations to each other. A. M. Turing had this definition in mind when he made his predictions and designed his test, commonly known as the Turing test. His test is, in principle, simple. A group of judges converse with different entities, some computers and some human, without knowledge of which is which. The job of the judges is to discern which entity is a computer. Judges may ask them any question they like, "Are you a computer?" excepted, and the participants may answer with anything they like, and in turn, ask questions of the judges. The concept of the test is not difficult, but creating an entity capable of passing the test with current technology is virtually impossible.
Artificial intelligence(AI) is refer to as computer algorithms that show functions that represent intelligence or duplicate certain components and elements of intelligence (Novella, 2017). Computers are good at crunching numbers, running algorithms, recognizing patterns, and searching and matching data. Artificial intelligence is also defined as the stimulation of human intelligence, functioned or processed by machines, especially computer system (Rouse, 2016). These processes involved learning which means the acquisition of information and the rules for using the information, reasoning whereby using the rules to achieve approximate conclusions, and lastly is self-correction. AI has applications in almost every way we use computers in society (Smith, 2006).
Artificial intelligence has come a long way since the first robot. In 1950, Alan Turing of Britain publishes, Computer Machinery and Intelligence. This book was proposed to be the birth of artificial intelligence as we know it. The first robot that presents the usage of artificial intelligence was built in 1969. The purpose of this robot was to try out navigation using basic tools such as cameras and bump sensors (Marshall 371). Since then, we have made a million robots way better than this one and we’re going to continue doing so. While the world advances, so is technology. It’s slowly progressing and become better and more reliable. Artificial intelligence is a certain type of technology that is resourceful to our nation. We are using it in the medical field, it’s been helpful to military forces, and it’s helping our world become a better place.
The idea of artificial intelligence has always been a very fascinating phenomenon among our society. It paved the way for a new genre in the entertainment industry that brought forth ideas of human like robots. In the acclaimed movie, A.I. Artificial Intelligence, an artificial intelligent robot of the future named David, designed to experience love, is sent to a family to replace their human comatose son. As the comatose son recovers, the family no longer need David. David, craving for the motherly love he experienced, sets out to become a “real” boy to make his human mother happy. These type of ideas have raised many concerns that are debated to this day. This is known as the prodigious artificial intelligence debate, one which has yet to be resolved. Believers of a view called “Strong Artificial Intelligence” consider that in the not so distant future the computing power of machines will be able to unequivocally match the brain power of human brains. The “Weak Artificial Intelligence” advocates believe that machines will only ever be able to simulate the intelligence of a human brain as they will never truly be aware of what they are doing. Unfortunately, Strong Artificial Intelligence cannot be deemed possible as machines do not have the ability to mimic the human mind problem for problem, successfully have a state of consciousness, and are unable to achieve a state of qualia. The following simple argument represents why Strong Artificial Intelligence is not possible:
It is understood that in Intelligence Analysis models are important and is a powerful tool in reference to Intelligence. The concept of models in this research is defined as the map, the theory, the paradigm, and the concept. It refers to quantitative data that involves the use of computers. It is important to remember that without a model an analyst would have to remember to many details (Clark, 2007,
The approach to artificial intelligence should be proceeded with caution. Throughout recent years and even decades before, it has been a technological dream to produce artificial intelligence. From movies, pop culture, and recent technological advancements, there is an obsession with robotics and their ability to perform actions that require human intelligence. Artificial intelligence has become a real and approachable realization today, but should be approached with care and diligence. Humans can create advanced artificial intelligence but should not because of the harm they may cause, the monumental advancement needed in the technology, and that its harm outweighs its benefits.
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
When a person utters the word “intelligence,” people tend to think of a genius like Albert Einstein developing some obscure equation that the great majority of the population will never understand. The problem with the definition of intelligence is that people relate intelligence to words like “genius” which require intelligence but do not have the same definition as intelligence. Often, people try to use related words to define intelligence, but these words are unable to define intelligence since many are only different levels of intelligence. While many definitions try to encompass the meaning of intelligence and various definitions describe a small part of intelligence, no definition completely explains intelligence, because intelligence is a concept that is understood only after realizing that intelligence is based on three basic concepts: logic, growth, and emotion. Although many people believe that humans are the only creatures capable of intelligence, other animals exhibit intelligence and are capable of further demonstrate the complex concept of intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence is the scientific theory to advance the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines. This is going to hold the key in the future. It has always fa...
Humans can expand their knowledge to adapt the changing environment. To do that they must “learn”. Learning can be simply defined as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. Although learning is an easy task for most of the people, to acquire new knowledge or skills from data is too hard and complicated for machines. Moreover, the intelligence level of a machine is directly relevant to its learning capability. The study of machine learning tries to deal with this complicated task. In other words, machine learning is the branch of artificial intelligence that tries to find an answer to this question: how to make computer learn?
Artificial intelligence is defined as developing computer programs to solve complex problems by applications of processes that are analogous to human reasoning processes. Roughly speaking, a computer is intelligent
Shyam Sankar, named by CNN as one of the world’s top ten leading speakers, says the key to AI evolvement is the improvement of human-computer symbiosis. Sankar believes humans should be more heavily relied upon in AI and technological evolvement. Sankar’s theory is just one of the many that will encompass the future innovations of AI. The next phase and future of AI is that scientists now want to utilize both human and machine strengths to create a super intelligent thing. From what history has taught us, the unimaginable is possible with determination. Just over fifty years ago, AI was implemented through robots completing a series of demands. Then it progressed to the point that AI can be integrated into society, seen through interactive interfaces like Google Maps or the Siri App. Today, humans have taught machines to effectively take on human jobs, and tasks that have created a more efficient world. The future of AI is up to the creativity and innovation of current society’s scientists, leaders, thinkers, professors, students and
Artificial intelligence is an idea of if the human thought process can be mechanized. It was around the 1940’s – 50’s that a group of people came together to discuss the possibility of creating an artificial brain and its uses. These people were a variety of scientists from different fields such as mathematics, economics, engineering, and etc. This was the birth of the field of artificial intelligence. While artificial intelligence would prove to be technologically revolutionary by introducing new ideas such as quantum computers or robots, said new ideas could result in the downfall of mankind. The result could range to being the plummet of the economy, the end of the human race, or even the corruption of the next generation and onwards. All of these problems resulting in the possibility of the end of the earth. The more we need to learn more about technology and further advance it, the closer we are getting to the extinction of the human race. These are the reasons why the advancement of artificial intelligent should be halted or banned so no harm can be done even without the intentions.