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Ancient egyptian religious architecture
Architectural history of Egypt
Ancient egyptian religious architecture
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Many ancient works of art represent political functions with different types of monuments and massive works of architecture. The political functions of ancient culture did have works of art. For instance, artistic styles, particularly in sculpture and painting, remained highly consistent with the ancient culture for many years. This consistency of architecture indicates levels of cultural and political stability that was strong enough to resist sudden changes in ancient cultures. Having the ability to build monumental structures indicates that ancient rulers were wealthy and powerful enough to mobilize the political structures, as well. To begin with, in Mesopotamia the Sumerians developed agriculture. During the Fourth millennium BCE, they …show more content…
During the fourth Dynasty, Hatshepsut ruled the Egyptian culture. She represented both genders in her portrait statue revealing power, strength, and woman culture dominance. Even though it was not common or permitted for women to be a ruler in the ancient cultures, Hatshepsut was one the first Egyptian women who accomplished social change by building huge temples to venerate their patron gods, after their deaths, and for their own worship. By the sharing of a mutual belief in gods, a social interaction could be achieved in the Egyptian culture. The construction of these temples could also be a symbol of solidarity that could bring the cultures to become …show more content…
Sumerians, Egyptians, Etruscans, and the Romans demonstrate how art, monuments, and works of architecture can dramatically transform the cities and bring change within the cultures. The way they used ancient monuments as political propaganda is by showing their abilities through the different luxurious monuments, buildings, jewelry, and agriculture. They might have the intentions to improve the way of living and by this, they were transforming their small cities into kingdoms. Within the kingdoms, they had a former government that helped somehow to bring a significant political and structural
These two statues are famous to the Egyptian art era. They represent the woman’s position and the man’s position at that day and age. Traditionally, the rulers of Egypt were male. So, when Hatshepsut, Dynasty 18, ca. 1473-1458 B.C., assumed the titles and functions of king she was portrayed in royal male costumes. Such representations were more for a political statement, rather than a reflection of the way she actually looked. In this sculpture, she sits upon a throne and wears the royal kilt and the striped nemes (NEM-iss) headdress with the uraeus (cobra) and is bare chested like a man. However, she does not wear the royal beard, and the proportions of her body are delicate and feminine.
As we compare Hatshepsut’s statue to Menkaure or Khamerernebty we can notice that it looks more like Menkaure’s statue. They are both using a nemes and fake beard as part of their ceremonial attire. They both maintain a straight and firm pose indicating authority, while Khamerernebty pose is more gentile as she stands by her husbands side and “shows support”. Also, Hatshepsut has a very manly anatomy, since there is no indication of breast representation. For someone that the story of Hatshepsut is unknown and sees the statue, would never think is a women pharaoh.
Before Hatshepsut, there were other woman who attempted to rule over Egypt. Every time a woman came to power, there was some sort of problem that was left for them to solve. Unlike Hatshepsut, the other woman did not have any confidence to name themselves pharaoh and they did not grow up in the royal family like Hatshepsut did. In paragraph 13, it states, “A few women had tried to rule Egypt before, but never would search valid claim to the throne,” and, “These women had not ruled long or well and neither had had the audacity to proclaim herself pharaoh.” These quotes explain that Hatshepsut was recognized for taking power at a good time and not stepping
Queen Hatshepsut was one of the most powerful females in Ancient Egyptian history. Not only was she the longest reigning female pharaoh in all of Egypt, but she made lasting impacts on the nation during and far after her reign. Although she was a woman, and this type of power had never been given to a woman before, she is considered one of Egypt's most successful pharaohs.
The Women who would be king is a book about Hatshepsut’s rise to power in ancient Egypt. The author, Kara Cooney is an Egyptologist, archaeologist and is chair of the Department of Near Eastern Language and Cultures at UCLA. She also is an associate professor of Egyptian Art and Architecture at UCLA. Cooney when writing the book choose to “forgo any long-winded analysis of architectural history, reliefs, statuary, text, and genealogy, instead focusing solely on Hatshepsut’s narrative.”(pg. xii Author’s Note) Cooney takes more of a biographical approach when writing this book. In no way is this book supposed to be a perfect biography or story of Hatshepsut, due to the fact that there is so little information about her. Cooney even says that many of her Egyptological training rules had to be broken in order to write the book containing Hatshepsut’s ambitions, intentions, and disappointments.
During the time of Ancient Egypt, having strong Pharaohs was essential to the maintenance and growth of the civilization, as the Pharaohs were believed to be living Gods. Although leadership of Ancient Egypt was often male dominated, there were admirable female Pharaohs who successfully gained power and left behind a positive legacy; one woman to achieve this was Hatshepsut, meaning ‘foremost of female nobles’. Her innovation and determination allowed her to maintain her position of Pharaoh for about twenty years (1479-1458 BCE). Hatshepsut was considered to be a very successful leader because of her confidence and ambition, magnificent building projects, and establishment of a strong trading network.
In today's world, photographs are the most form of media to deliver news and messages. They depict the mere fact, but are censored to hide violence. Such an act conceals the reality of life and is unfair. Graphic images must always be exposed to the public as they present the blatant reality and educate people about world crisis.
The significance of monumental architecture lies not only in the function it is built to serve but also in the cultural values it represents. Monumental architecture is aesthetic as well as functional, and in its aesthetic aspects it is a form of cultural expression. In Bronze Age Mediterranean civilizations, the development of monumental architecture was influenced primarily by the political structure of the state. Perhaps the most disparate forms of monumental architecture in this region were developed in Pharaonic Egypt and Minoan Crete, reflecting the differences in their political systems. The socio-political structure of these two cultures can be sharply contrasted through an examination of a predominant type of monumental architecture found in each region.
A prime example that conveys the idea of buildings being used to express a sense of national identity lies within the Roman Empire and its consequent architecture. In order for the Romans to maintain control of their vast Empire, they required the building of both formal architecture, like temples and basilicas, as well as effective infrastructure, such as bridges, roads and aqueducts. The construction of roads and bridges allowed for communication between all the different provinces. Aqueducts allowed the Romans to supply the cities with water, whilst fortifications and city walls helped to protect them. Roman cities consisted of a network of administrative centers and the buildings within them acted as visual symbols of power throughout the Empire.
Television has affected every aspect of life in society, radically changing the way individuals live and interact with the world. However, change is not always for the better, especially the influence of television on political campaigns towards presidency. Since the 1960s, presidential elections in the United States were greatly impacted by television, yet the impact has not been positive. Television allowed the public to have more access to information and gained reassurance to which candidate they chose to vote for. However, the media failed to recognize the importance of elections. Candidates became image based rather than issue based using a “celebrity system” to concern the public with subjects regarding debates (Hart and Trice). Due to “hyperfamiliarity” television turned numerous people away from being interested in debates between candidates (Hart and Trice). Although television had the ability to reach a greater number of people than it did before the Nixon/Kennedy debate, it shortened the attention span of the public, which made the overall process of elections unfair, due to the emphasis on image rather than issue.
Queen Hatshepsut, who ruled Egypt during the 18th dynasty, was one of a small handful of female pharaohs. Despite her many achievements, her reign is most remembered for the fact that she was a woman. Her unique story has been a source for dispute among scholars, which has led to a number of conflicting views. The small amount of Hatshepsut’s life that has been documented does not allow us to see the more intimate details of her life. Historians have a broad range of opinions on her, but one thing is certain: her reign provided Egypt with a period of peace and prosperity after 100 years of foreign rule.
The Temple of Hatshepsut was built in Ancient Egypt in 1473 BC, and is a significant part of Egypt's history. The temple is important to the Egyptian’s worldview because it was dedicated to the second female pharaoh, Hatshepsut. It’s also important to their worldview because it demonstrated the fact that Hatshepsut ruled for 20 years and is considered one of the most successful pharaohs. The temple also allows the citizens of Egypt the ability to remember her and her successes as a pharaoh. Lastly it represents how important pharaoh’s are to the country of Egypt.
The factors of irrigation, inherent topography, and useful bronze-age technical innovations paved the way for the agricultural revolution to occur in the land of Sumer and Akkad. The people of the Tigris and the Euphrates basin, the ancient Sumerians, using the fertile land and the abundant water supply of the area, developed sophisticated irrigation systems and created what was probably the first cereal agriculture. This historical factor resulted in an excess of production of cereals, dates, and other commodities. The consequence of excess is the emergence of a productive peasant agricultural system and a redistributive economy that fuels the progress of civilization.
How politicians have used and still use art to shape the way we see them and see what they want us to see. These politicians have shown their power in their monuments and artwork. Such as the man, who Dr. Spivey said they thought inspired those to build Stonehenge, had power from the gold he was buried with. The film said that this man wanted to show his power with a massive monument, such as Stonehenge, and only someone with great power could have brought together the people to build such a place. For thousands of years the film says that politicians have used art and their faces to entice people to vote for them or follow their rule without starting a war. The King Darius wanted to keep peace over the large number of people he had taken control of. He wanted the people to know that he did not want to be cruel but a fair king. Darius instilled this by using art to show peace for all the people since most couldn’t read. Just like Darius before him, Alexander the Great used art to instill trust and win the hearts of his people. Alexander the Great used his face on busts to show that he was a kind man and a great ruler. Augustus used the same technic in Rome to gain trust from his people, but unlike Alexander the Great, Augustus was a cruel ruler. He did not use his art to be honest and gain trust, he used it to deceive the people. We still today have
Agriculture has been around for about 11,000 years. Around 9.500 BC, the first signs of crops began to show up around the coastlines of the Mediterranean. Emmer and einkorn wheat were the first crops that started to show up in this area, with barley, peas, lentils, chick peas, and flax following shortly. For the most part, everyone was a nomad and just travelled along with where a herd went. This went on until around 7.000 BC, and then the first signs of sowing and harvesting appeared in Mesopotamia. In the first ...