Jessie Sisavat
Professor Storch
Religion 123
May 2, 2016
Why Mozi Remain Subjugated While Confucius Prosper
Mozi have created many important philosophical accomplishments that comprise Chinese earliest moral and governmental systems. Mozi does not attain unbiased ways that many other philosophy. He suggested only the moral codes would guide the people to living the right way. If an individual makes a mistake in his or her life it can be forgiven and able to follow the old structure of philosophies. Unlike Confucius, Mozi was one of the first philosopher to argue against Confucius.
This was the start of an era where Mozi began to debate and question against Confucianism. Mozi philosophy was considered to be the new viewpoint of trying to implement
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new thoughts and ideas during the ancient periods. The fifth century B.C. was a time when there was no other philosopher that would question the teachings of Confucius beside Mozi. Mozi emphasizes the traditional and moral aspects in a argumentative fashion. Mohism has not accomplished in becoming a leading philosophy, however the school was influential in development the teachings of politics, science, and moral values. Mozi created an outline that was crucial to the understanding of society in a logically method. During the Han Dynasty reign, the kingdom did not want to continue using the Mozi philosophy, however realize that Mozi tries to explain reasons why the Warring States were having trouble understanding each kingdoms rule. Mozi ideas seem to be more of a movement that was struggling to voice its opinion. Philosopher Zhuangzi whom was also a philosopher that criticize Mozi for insults the peoples soul that believe in heaven (Garrett 1993) Before the Han Dynasty came to power, China became under the reign of the Qin dynasty. The Qin dynasty ruled China for 15 years under Emperor Qin Shi Huang. During the Qin era Mozi started to decline because Emperor Qin wanted all philosophical texts to be destroyed. The Emperor created a feudal system that would allow the entire Chinese society to change socially. Rulers and nobles were the lords of the land and made peasants become servants to their lords. Following the Han dynasty era, Confucius was chosen to be the most favorable philosophy that will continue to guide the Chinese society. During136 BCE, Confucius continuous popularity grows while Mozi ideology fell apart. Society saw Mozi philosophy to be outdated and unimportant to read. Mozi was abandon for many centuries, however some collections of Mozi was revive and adopted into the Daoism text. Mohism was believed to have brought back to Chinese society during the Qing dynasty due to the rise of the western powers that open dialogue of religions and trade. The Qing was aware that Mozi have similar principles to the Western foreigners. The Western compared there ideas to the Chinese to discover if they follow certain belief systems. The Qing Dynasty realizes that Mohism was considered to be the closes or have similar idea traits of the western powers. There were many theories that explains Mozi failed to uphold its philosophy position. The Unification of China under the Qin Dynasty completely destroyed Mozi influence, despite Mozi military and political influence. According to Graham, Mohism lost its government effect within the Qin dynasty because the philosophy was seen as a betrayal of supporting small rebellious states.(Graham 1989) Emperor Qin saw that Mozi was influencing enemy states that he was taking control. There were states that were considered to be resisting and Mozi took the different route of helping these fallen warring states. On the Contrary Emperor Qin decided to wipe out many schools of thought philosophy. Mozi philosophy was considered to be more of a social movement instead of a philosophy which causes it to decline. During the Han Dynasty there was many schools that have use some of Mohism moral aspects. Confucianism absorbed many of Mozi theories that made it understand what Mozi was trying to create within the era. Some of Mozi doctrines that involve science and language were difficult to revive. Mozi language was deliberated to be an problem to read and translate the scripture. The continued characteristic of Mohist was very strict, unattractive commercial and traditional views, such as refusal of composition and ceremonial events. Related using the traditional knowledge and formalities of Confucians, the theoretical of Yin-Yang and the idealistic environment and even the mythical complexity of Daoism, Mohism does not offer much fascinate supporters, particularly governmental and administration doctrines. Mohism offered ways to coherent how to live life during the classical era. However it was unappealing to supporters to continue its theories and most of Mozi work was obsolete that Warring states relinquish many of Mozi efforts. The prosperous philosophy China have ever practice was Confucianism. Confucianism is seen as more of a social and way live life by their surroundings. Confucius has created a foundation that shapes the Chinese civilization into learning social norms, schools of thoughts and elaborates with traditional Chinese culture. The Chinese did not have a religion to guide their leaders however Confucian can be seen the substitution of being a religion. It follows the basic principles of morals, values, and ethics that teach society how to live. Confucianism does not separate things as much as other religions do; it conversely keeps society, people, institutions and kingdoms coordinated. The Chinese society embraces Confucius because he allowed people to practice their rituals and ceremonies. He believes that this behavior was acceptable and proper for people to experience enjoyment of life. Confucius also believes that the Chinese civilization that is stable can have an continuing social order. Confucianism was known for affirmation that acknowledged morals and customs. People must interact socially in order to have a normal connection among relationships. Confucius highlights the importance of human relations among their leaders, elders, parents and so on. He knew that teaching an individual is a start of having a benevolent and perfect society. Confucius visualized moral principles that in contrast to legalist doctrines.
During the 140-87 B.C.E, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to declare Confucianism as the official philosophy of China. From there on expanded its influence in establishing laws, poetry, family loyalty, and government loyalty. Confucius was basically endorse by the imperial family and was respected that morality classics were spread throughout China. For instance Emperors were look upon as parents to its people for which they must lead the kingdom. According to Taeko Brooks, he found that Confucian describes Mozi definition of Ren as only benefiting aboard and remove harmful treats and caring with no judgement. (Brooks …show more content…
1996) Confucius has another side of characteristics that the Chinese society adores that is humaneness (Ren). Ren is often to be understood as love and kindness for one another. For society to function correctly there has to be romance of some sort to make life harmonious. Ren keeps people awake and not bored from formal rituals. It has educated the people aboard to reflect on other people’s actions. It can be seen as a one time commitment that creates a wanted atmosphere. The inner core of Confucius is that he wants people to respect each other and love one another. According to Yang, there was a description that gives an idea of how things were when using Ren as a lifestyle. For instance a quote in Religion in Chinese Society, “When a person was fifteen they would began investing in learning, accepting the agreement, age forty would have no regrets from the past decision made, age sixty the person is wise enough to listen and finally, age seventy just go wherever the hearts take them.” According to Robert Bellah, he identifies Confucius as a civil religion that teaches the basic values, trying to understand how everything is linked with one another and most of all it generated a foundation for major role in schools.
Confucianism has many spiritual characteristics which make the ideology divine. His principles were connected to the people dearly because it was giving advice to everyone. Emperors, elites, governor, craftsmen, farmers and families were linked to what Confucius has taught. His motives exceeds to everyday lifestyle as a spiritual contentment. Confucius gives hope and ideas to the Chinese to let them understand what it is to be living in a long standing civilization.
Mozi was unable to challenge Confucius influence due to the fact that Confucius ideas were abroad of every topic. Confucius ideas are not all detailed, however it was more influential in understanding how life works. Mozi appears to contradict what Confucius has begun for the Chinese society. During the twentieth as the Chinese went through civil war the ideology of the Confucian was banned in certain practice, however Mao have elaborate lessons of his own and some of Confucius
teachings. Brooks, A. Taeko, 1996a, MZ 14–16: Universal Love, Warring States Working Group Note 92rev, Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts. Graham, A. C., 1978, Later Mohist Logic, Ethics and Science, Hong Kong: Chinese University Press. C. K. Yang, Religion in Chinese Society, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961 See The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in a Time of Trial, New York: Seabury Press, 1975. Fraser, Chris, 1997, Is Mozi 17 a Fragment of Mozi 26?, Warring States Working Group Query 95, Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Garrett, Mary, 1993, “Classical Chinese Conceptions of Argumentation and Persuasion,” Argumentation and Advocacy
To begin, Confucianism is a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius. Confucianism was the code of ethics accepted as the certified religion of most of the immense empires in the territory since the Han Dynasty. Confucianism provided an outline of ethical and religious beliefs that most of the Chinese expanded to make other religions such as Daoism and Legalism. To expand, Confucianism was founded by Confucius and his beliefs on the political and social order of China. Confucius believed that everything would fall into place if children had respect for their parents and if the rulers were honest. In Confucianism, specific roles were followed by each person in the family. The head of the family, the father, was the one primarily in control and then it was the oldest son that was next in line. Confucius had the belief that a ruler has to be everything he wants
Confucius was a philosopher, political intellect and an educator whose philosophies have significantly prejudiced not only the Chinese principles but the entire world evolution. He lived through the “Spring” and “Autumn” epoch of Chinese history, when east central China was separated over a dozen fighting states. The inordinate ailment and grief he saw swayed his political thoughts, which highlighted command, grading and the rule of a compassionate self-governing state.
Confucius’ impact on Chinese culture has withstood numerous generations and continues to be one of the most prominent philosophies found in Chinese culture. Firmly rooted in years of education, Confucius spent considerable time developing his set of values and principles. In his article entitled “Confucius and the Effortless Life of Virtue”, author Hagop Sarkissian adds to this by saying, “Confucius set his mind on a course of study or cultivation at the age of fifteen, and pursued such studies for a span of fifty-five years, and was thereby able to cultivate a state of being such that he could follow his immediate inclinations in all of life’s predicaments without transgressing social norms” (Sarkissian 1). Confucius’ extensive studies only added to the philosophy represented in the Analects. This includes the pas...
Kongzi (Confucius, a Latinized name) was born in 551 B.C.E., to a poor family of the lower nobility. Throughout his life, he relentlessly tried to gain an office with a prominent ruler of the time who was willing to adopt his various concepts. Unfortunately, Confucius died in 479 B.C.E., before such a change ever took place. However, he succeeded in winning over a handful of devote followers who continued his legacy and Confucianism later went on to become one of the most influential thought systems of Chinese history. Of his followers, Mencius and Xunzi became the most renown. Since Confucius did not succeed in completing a manual of his views, these followers had to derive their own interpretations of the system which now formulate, the Analects. The Analects portray an idealized gentleman, and his various duties in terms of the society, family and the rituals. Confucius explains about the way (Dao) which he believed, that if the people accepted its terms and were willing to abide, they would succeed in creating a utopian society.
As one of the greatest founding novels of Taoism, Book of Chuang Tzu serves to strengthen Lao Tzu 's arguments in Tao Te Ching and lays the foundation for Taoism 's place in Chinese philosophy. Because Confucianism and Taoism are two competing philosophy schools that share more outstanding differences than similarities, the followers of both schools often refute and evaluate the ideals of the opposite school. However, the constant appearance of Confucius as the main character in more than twenty chapters in Book of Chuang Tzu not only surprises the readers, but also calls for deep analysis of the roles played Confucius in order to understand the true meaning of this ancient literature. While Chuang Tzu criticizes many of the Confucian ideas
Confucianism became popular during the Han Dynasty as it was the state religion and had a great impact on East Asia (Confucianism 1, pg. 7). Born in 551 BCE in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Confucius himself absorbed the teachings of Mahavira and the Buddha (Confucianism 1, pg. 2) He had a set of virtues that he believed a functioning society should stand by such as benevolence, love and rites. Confucius wanted China to return to the old days when people were loyal to their rulers and rulers were polite and caring towards their people. He believed rulers s...
A lot of Chinese viewpoint were created early, as culture emerged along the Yellow River before 1000 B.C .E. One such idea strained the significance of agreement in and with environment around the idea of the Way which e may say described a fair and controlled way of life. More recognized systems of attention developed afterward, if we see in the 5th and 6th centuries B.C, for the period of a separated and anxious period of Chinese politics. A variety of thinkers sought way to shore up a physically powerful political system or survive without one. Of the resultant philosophies or religions, Confucianism proved the majority of durable and noteworthy.
Confucianism was founded by Kongfuzi, also known as Confucius. His philosophy influenced Chinese government and culture. The main
Confucianism is a philosophy and way of life formed in China by Confucius, an early Chinese philosopher. It began as a simple concept with ideals of personal virtue, simple filial piety, and basic gender distinctions and social inequalities. But, over time with the emergence of Neo-Confucianism it began to transform into a way of life that was degrading towards women with certain hostilities towards rivaling religions. In its early period, from around 500 B.C.E to the Common Era, Confucianism changed in that it became the leading belief system and a major part of Chinese tradition. From the transition into the Common Era to the end of the Classical time period, Confucianism was altered because of a loss of popularity following the collapse of the Han dynasty and the corruption in the governing political system. In its ending period, the post-classical era, Confucianism underwent perhaps its biggest adjustments with the emergence of Neo-Confucianism. The ideas and virtues presented in the “rebirth of Confucian philosophies” of intolerance of foreign religions and extreme filial piety...
The teachings according to Confucius refer to Confucianism. Confucianism is the multifarious classification of ethical, collective, political and pious philosophy developed by Confucius and the old Chinese practices (Bertrand, 1999). Confucianism aim is actually making an individual honorable but also making such an individual the character of learning and of proper manners. The ideal and faultless man has to combine the characters of a saint, an intellectual and gentleman. Confucianism is a religious conviction whose adulation is focused on offerings to the dead. The idea of responsibility is extensive beyond the precincts of morals and holds close to the minutiae of daily living.
Confucianism is a religious philosophy formed by the Chinese philosopher Kung-fu-Tsu. This philosophy came out of need during the warring states period of Chinese history. K'ung-fu-Tsu was a teacher at the hundred schools. His prime concern was the improvement of society. Confucianism has no gods, and the only written history of this religion is in the Analects, a collection of his responses to his disciple's questions. K'ung-fu-Tsu believed that the improvement of society was the responsibility of the ruler and that the quality of government depended on the ruler's moral character. This new way meant concern for others and adherance to the golden rule. Confucianism has had a greater and longer lasting influence on China than that of any other religious philosophy.
Confucianism was a set of guidelines for a living moral life. It is about the rights of individuals. It highly supported education. That was the main idea of it all. During the Han period Wudi set up civil service exams to make sure all the philosophers know the whole philosophy. They would be written down in these massive books about just knowledge of Confucianism. Confucian people believed that you could not understand mortality and filial piety unless the individual has knowledge. Many books were written about this philosophy, such as the Analects. These were sought to be one of the most influential books in Chinese history. It was considered a sacred text. Confucianist people were not being able to fulfill his or her duties unless they did not meet their family's
Confucianism is a moral and religious system of China. Its origins go back to the Analects, the sayings attributed to Confucius, and to ancient writings, including that of Mencius. Confucius was born a mandarin under the name Kongzi. It was developed around 550 B.C. In its earliest form Confucianism was primarily a system of ethical concepts for the control of society. It saw man as a social creature that is bound to his fellow men by jen, or “humanity.” Jen is expressed through the five relationships—sovereign and subject, parent and child, elder and younger brother, husband and wife, and friend and friend. Of these, the filial relation is most important.
Confucian culture, also known as Confucianism, was founded by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, which was developed gradually after the Han Dynasty with benevolence as the core. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism was the official ideology and the basis of mainstream ideology in the vast majority of historical periods of China, and it also influenced many southeast Asian countries in history. After a variety of shocks, Confucianism was still the core values of China's social public, and represented the Chinese culture and national tradition in the world (Littlejohn, 2010). In the contemporary society, the Confucian culture in China increasingly spread, at the same time, its modern value is excavated by many countries in the world, and its international influence is also growing with the rise of China.
Confucianism was the official philosophy of China. Confucius himself was not very interested in the ideas of a God, an afterlife, heaven, and other ideas that we associate with religion. However, when Confucianism became the official philosophy of China, religious functions were incorporated into it. Confucius, together with his ancestors and famous followers, became objects of worship. Confucian temples were built all over China and sacrifices and rituals were performed.