Hello welcome to my article about Gene Mutations, You are probably wondering,
Whats a gene mutation? Well, a gene mutation is when there is a change in a gene or chromosome.
Mutations can cause a cell to produce the wrong protein during protein synthesis, so the organism's trait may be different from what it would normally have been. when a gene mutation occurs in an animal, there are three ways the mutation can go for the animal,helpful, harmful and neutral an example for neutral is when an animal is albino and it is in a zoo that is neutral because there are no predators to harm it,but if it is albino in the wild the it will be harmful because it will be easier for predators to spot them. But sometimes having a Gene Mutation is a good Thing!
For example, the peppered moth was grey but a mutation caused it to turn sooty black allowing it to blend in with its environment so its predators couldn't find it and eat it. Another example is when an animal gets a antibiotic resistance against bacteria and that means that their bodys will be able to fight off bacteria a lot better than an animal without the antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, sometimes a gene mutation Can be good for a animal, sometimes it can be a bad thing, and sometimes it will not affect the animal animal at all.
Due to the randomness of mutations, poor traits can come back into the gene pool after a number of generations.
Genetics has given us important results with regards to knowing why certain organisms and their expressions are the way they are and how some expressions are suppressed due to those particular expressions being recessive. The reason is because genetics is the study of genes and the effects of it to organisms.
Gene therapy is the application of the technique where the defect-causing "bad" genes are replaced by correct "good" genes. The idea of gene therapy is to treat the disease by correcting the "bad" DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) rather than the current me thod of providing drugs, or proteins not produced by the defective gene. Gene therapy addresses the problem first hand by directly working with the genetic information causing the disease. From the book Shaping Genes, Dr. Darryl Macer says "It is like f ixing a hole in the bucket, rather than trying to mop up the leaking water." There are two kinds of gene therapy, somatic cell gene therapy and germline gene therapy.
A permanent change in the DNA sequence which makes up a gene is what is referred to as gene mutation (Mahoney & Springer 2009). It is believed that gene mutation occurs in two ways: that is, it can be acquired in personal lifetime or inherited from a parent. Those that are passed from parents to the child are referred to as hereditary mutation. They acquire the name since they are present in the eggs and sperms or the germ cell. In this case, such kind of mutation is present all through one’s life in almost every cell in the body. A similarity in mutation and gene diversity is the change in the DNA sequence which makes both mutation and genetic diversity have related issues.
It is important to note that genes themselves do not cause disease genetic disorders are caused by mutations that make a gene function improperly. For example, when people say that someone has the cystic fibrosis gene, they are usually referring to a mutated version of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator gene, which causes the disease. All people, including those without cystic fibrosis, have a version of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator gene.
Lewis, Ricki, (2014), Human Genetics, 11th Edition, Chapter 12. Gene Mutation. [VitalSource Bookshelf Online]. Retrieved from
Did you know the food that you could be eating right now can be harmful to you? The food that you eat daily can contain GMOs that can contain things that can cause you to have allergies and even cause you to get cancer sometimes. GM crops can be harmful and dangerous for you. Another reason why GM crops are inadequate is because it can decrease biodiversity of plants and crops, and it can destroy rare species of plants. It can harm organisms that you might not mean to kill. Some people may say that GM crops can stop world hunger. IT WILL NOT! Research shows that some GM crops can not meet the nutritional needs of a human being. It will also not help solve world hunger because some GM crops need many resources to be able for them to produce into healthy crops and poor farmers don’t have much resources.
The study of the causes of substance abuse has been conflicting many people for a long time. There are two causes of substance abuse that have been argued for many years. The first cause is believed to be environmental. The second cause is a genetic cause that leads people to turn to drugs and alcohol. In “Touch of Grey” Lanthrop comes to the conclusion that his substance abuse issue posses both genetic and environmental causes. This argument is specifically compelling because he uses research and a personal statement to prove his findings. While environmental issues have a large impact on substance abuse, genetics have the greatest impact on substance abuse.
In order for natural selection to happen, the species has to have genetic variation. Genetic variation happens because of mutations and recombination of genes. Other processes that contribute are gene flow and genetic This process is seen mostly in agriculture. It is because of artificial selection that we have the domesticated plants and livestock that we eat. In the case of canines, they were originally bred to become working and hunting dogs in agriculture.
As previously stated, there are several ways that these changes can occur, but the ones I will be focusing on are changes occurring to methyl and acetyl groups. The mechanism of heritability in animals is information coded into genes. Genes are wrapped around histones in the nucleus. When methyl groups attach to these histones, it winds the genes tighter, and since the shape is altered, it also alters the protein the gene codes for. Generally speaking, when you add a methyl group onto the histones, or "spool" of the gene, it makes it harder to code that gene’s proteins, just like if you got something stuck in the chain on your bike and tried to pedal it. The more methyl groups that build up, the worse the problem becomes. However, in most of the cases acetylation unwinds some of the histones, activating or reactivating a gene. Scientists are explo...
It also allows species to survive. It produces new and different species through ancestral populations of organisms and moves them to new populations. Both natural selection and genetic drift decrease genetic variation. If they were the only mechanisms of evolution, populations would eventually become homogeneous and further evolution would be impossible. There are, however, mechanisms that replace variation depleted by selection and drift (Colby).
Gene Therapy is a modern treatment which uses genes to treat or prevent genetic diseases. It is a process of which DNA is used as a drug to treat a disease by delivering therapeutic DNA into a patients cell. The mutated gene is replaced by a healthier, functional/therapeutic gene which corrects and converts the cells lacking in protein or faultiness. Our future is based behind our genes in the body and scientists are trying to move away from drugs as a solution. Gene therapy is revolutionising the world of medicine and it could be the biggest and most helpful treatment created.
Genes are made of DNA – the code of life (Gene Therapy- The Great Debate!). The changes in genes may cause serious problems, which we called genetic disorder. In theory, the only method to cure genetic disorders is gene therapy, which basically means the replacement of genes in order to correct the loss or change in people’s DNA. Although gene therapy gives patients with genetic disorders a permanent cure, it is controversial because it has safety and efficacy problems, and raises ethical issues.
A genetic mutation is a permanent change in the sequence of the DNA that makes up a gene. A mutation of these sorts can be caused by either inheritance from the parent or caused sometime during the life of someone. The mutation that has been inherited is called a germline mutation. Germline mutations affect virtually the entire body, and they seem to be present in every cell. A somatic mutation, or one that is caused in the DNA of a single cell sometime during the life, can be caused by an environmental factor or a wrong bonding in the DNA molecule. These cannot be passed down to the next generation of children because they occur in a specific cell as opposed to in a reproductive cell. Some mutations occur in the embryo as it is growing. These may occur during cell division, and some of the cells may or may not inherit this mutation. Some mutations are extremely rare, and others are incredibly common. Those that occur in more than one percent across a population are considered polymorphisms. Polymorphisms are considered normal variations in DNA, and they are known to cause simple changes such as variations in blood types and hair color. Although these are not typically fatal, they can influence the creation of some disorders (Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, USA.gov, 2013).
During the process of fertiliation things can get mixed up, such as variation can occur. Variation only occurs when mutations happens which is when there are changes that weren't suppose to happen in the DNA. Those changes have benefits but it can also have risks. It's these mistakes that help change people from looking the same although these canges can also risks giving you a disease that could kill you. The risks is a bit too much but the benefits are worth it. The benefits helps make us defferent to do things some can't. These changes helps us keep eachother alive and preparing the lttle ones for the worst. These changes are what helps family grow and grow to the point where people might even think that everyone form where you are from are all related. Genetic Variation helps living things survive, expand and changes us to be different or our