1. Shelton, A. M., Zhao, J. Z., & Roush, R. T. (2002). Economic, ecological, food safety, and social consequences of the deployment of Bt transgenic plants. Annual review of entomology, 47(1), 845-881. This paper do the research on the potential ecological and human health consequences of Bt plants, including effects on nontarget organisms, food safety, and the development of resistant insect populations. And it get the alternative insect management strategies. It turns out that scientists do not have full knowledge of the risks and benefits of any insect management strategies. The Bt plants has great benefit. This essay provides a multiple angle of research and view on one specific type of transgenic plant which give us a overall …show more content…
Since it also give us a way to control and assess the transgenic crops, we can find the importance and difficulty of the assessment. We can draw the conclusion that the technology and guideline in assessing transgenic crops is not thorough and need to be improved. Besides, the framework designed by the author is under limitations. 4. Verma, C., Nanda, S., Singh, R. K., Singh, R. B., & Mishra, S. (2011). A Review on Impacts of Genetically Modified Food on Human Health. Open Nutraceuticals Journal, 4. This paper give the concept that genetic engineering provides a means to introduce genes into plants that are different in some respects from classical breeding. Gene transfer in animals will play a part in boundless possibilities of improving qualitative and quantitative traits. If the yield has negative effects of gene technology on animals, human, and environment should be considered. Present study has both positive and negative impacts of genetically modified food on human …show more content…
It is objective and fair. It clearly gives the reason that why scientists wants to create GMOs. The benefit from genetic engineering is obvious and reasonable. 10. Evans, J. H. (2002). Playing god?: Human genetic engineering and the rationalization of public bioethical debate. University of Chicago Press. There is always debate over human genetic engineering. Disputes over human genetic engineering concern the means for achieving assumed ends, rather than being a healthy discussion about the ends themselves. This book not only explores how decisions about the ethics of human genetic engineering are made, but also shows how the structure of the debate has led to the technological choices we now face. It is the ultimate question we will face. We have already create many things we want, and we even can rebuilt organs for the wounded. It is not even a problem of science and technology——which we can easily do nowadays. But the problem is, What we want to see in the
To choose for their children, the world’s wealthy class will soon have options such as tall, pretty, athletic, intelligent, blue eyes, and blonde hair. Occasionally referred to as similar to “the eugenics of Hitler’s Third Reich” (“Designer Babies” n.p.), the new genetics technology is causing differences in people’s opinions, despite altering DNA before implantation is “just around the corner.” (Thadani n.p.). A recent advance in genetically altering embryos coined “designer babies” produces controversy about the morality of this process.
The ethics behind genetic engineering have been discussed and argued for years now. Some arguing points often include competitive advantages, playing God, and the polarization of society, but Sandel takes a different approach in explaining society’s “unease” with the morality of genetic engineering. Broadcasted through several examples throughout the book, Sandel explains that genetic engineering is immoral because it takes away what makes us human and makes us something else. He states that by taking control of our genetic makeup, or the makeup of our progeny, we lose our human dignity and humility. Our hunger for control will lead to the loss of appreciation for natural gifts, whether they are certain talents, inherited from the genetic lottery, or the gift of life itself.
How far is society willing to advance genetic enhancement technology before it becomes a moral wrong? Medical technology is well on the way to allowing parents to create designer babies, permitting parents to pick physical and internal qualities of unborn children. Due to the advance in technology allowing parents to genetically designer their own child, The American Medical Association (AMA) should create stronger codes of medical ethics and acts imposing limitations. The manipulating with embryos in order to create a parent’s ideal child is morally wrong, and should be against codes of ethics. In order to create a fine line between enhancement that prevents disease and birth defects, and the self-absorbed society that prefers children with little to no flaws; laws of ethics in medical practice need to be implemented. Therefore, with distinguished lines on medical ethics, society will not become divided and unrecognizable due to genetically enhanced humans.
Walters, LeRoy, and Julie Gage Palmer. Ethics of Human Gene Therapy. Oxford University Press, New York. 1997.
Usage of genetic modification to pick and chose features and personality traits of embryos could conceivably occur in future times. Wealthy individuals could essentially purchase a baby with built-in genetic advantages (Simmons). Ethically, these seem immoral. Playing God and taking control over the natural way of life makes some understandably uneasy. Ultimately, religious and moral standpoints should play a role in the future of genetic engineering, but not control it. Genetic engineering’s advantages far outweigh the cost of a genetically formulated baby and
Sandel, M. J. The case against perfection, ethics in the age of genetic engineering. Belknap Press, 2007. Print.
One of the ongoing debates in the biomedical engineering field today is about the human genetic engineering. Imagine being able to design your own baby the way you want it to be or mean to say “perfect” before it is even born, or prevent your unborn child from an outrageous disease, or make your baby a smarter, stronger, or even an athlete. You can even decide the sex of your baby. With the advanced technology you can even choose the physical feature of your child. Although human genetic engineering might seem attractive for these reasons, it should not be done because it defies nature, leads to less diversity and raises moral and ethical concerns.
Polkinghorne, J. C. "The Person, the Soul, and Genetic Engineering." Journal of Medical Ethics 30.6 (2004): 593-97. JSTOR. Web. 22 Sept. 2013.
The term GM foods or GMO (genetically-modified organisms) is most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques (Whitman, 2000). These plants have been modified in the laboratory to offer desired traits such as increased resistance to herbicides or improved nutritional content. Also, genetic engineering techniques have been applied to create plants with the exact desired trait very rapidly and accurately. For example, this is done by the geneticist isolating the gene responsible for drought tolerance and inserts it into another plant. The new genetically-modified plant will now have gained drought tolerance as well.
Savulescu, Julian. “Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Human Beings.” Readings in the Philosophy of Technology. Ed. David Kaplan. 2nd ed. Lanham: Roman & Littlefield, 2009. 417-430.
been renewed interest in Bt and several new products have been developed, because of the human safety associated with Bt-based insecticides. Also, strains of this bacterium have been produced to affect certain fly larvae, such as mosquito’s and leaf beetles.
In conclusion, the application of genetically modified food has a lot of pros and cons. There is so much disagreement about the benefits and risks of GM because there are so many different views surrounding it. This issue is very important today because it will change our future. How would the world be when every single living creature will be in some aspect genetically modified? Would we be more resistant to illness? Or would we be weaker and more vulnerable to diseases? Would this be the beginning of the mutant era? Regardless of the answers to these questions, we will need to consider the implications of genetically modified foods.
Genetic Engineering is a controversial technology that has a lot of debate and discussion surrounding it. Scientists and researchers work diligently in labs to improve and experiment with the new technology, while bioethicists look at the possible effects of the technology. The effects that the bioethicists must study consist of society, future, religious, and many more. Some families are eager for the use of genetic engineering to be widespread so that they can eradicate fatal diseases or other disorders from their family line, while other couples want to use genetic engineering to conceive a baby that will turn out to be a certain way. The government is concerned with the use of genetic engineering in humans, because a lot of resources
Evans, J. H. Playing god: Human genetic engineering and the rationalization of public bioethical debate. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 2002. Print.
Biotechnology helps in protecting the environment,It provides crops with protection from viruses and insects by reducing the number of pesticid...