Raven Rogers
Mrs. Tina Simmons
English 11
2 October 2014
Annotated Bibliography
Source 1: Background Information
This bill is a tax reform proposal that imposes a national sales tax on the use or consumption in the United States of taxable property or services instead of the current income and corporate income tax, employment and self-employment taxes, and estate and gift taxes. There are exemptions from the tax for used and intangible property, for property or services purchased for business, export, or investment purposes, and for state government functions. Under the bill, family members who are lawful U.S. residents receive a monthly sales tax rebate based upon criteria related to poverty guidelines and the size of families. The states
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will be responsible for administering, collecting, and remitting the sales tax to the United States Treasury. The bill will terminate the national sales tax seven years after the enactment of this Act ,if the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution is not repealed. within Woodwall, Rob.
H.R.25 - Fair Tax Act of 2015. N.p.: congress.gov, 2015. Web. 22 Sept. 2015.
Source 2: Conservatives Ideas Republican
Republicans oppose raising taxes on those who earned over $250,000. this does not mean republicans do not believe in focusing relief on the middle and lower classes because they do, but, believe in relief for all Americans, and not just strictly taxing the upper class.
Source 3: Liberal Ideas Democratic
Democrats believe in cutting taxes for the middle and lower class, while raising them for the upper class. They believe in a higher marginal rate, with income tax being higher for those who make more, as opposed to the Republican views that taxes should be equal percentages for all income levels.
Source 4 - Specific Presidential Candidate who you AGREE with Discussing the Issue
Ron Paul wants to get rid of income taxes altogether. Paul sometimes suggested replacing it and other federal taxes with the Fair Tax. Paul claims that he never said he did not support sales tax. Rand Paul said he was interested in stimulating economic growth by reducing the federal taxes overall.
Batheja, Aman. GOP Taxonomy: The Flat Taxers and The Fair axers. N.p.: Texas Tribune, 2015. Web. 22 Sept.
2015. Source 5 - Refutation - Specific Presidential Candidate who you DISAGREE with Discussing the Issue Ted Cruz believes we should let taxes become so simple that they could be filled out on a postcard. Yet while Cruz has called for converting the country’s progressive income tax system to a flat tax, its confirmed that the Fair Tax is his long-term goal. This should be the starting point for reform, and once it's in place he wants pursue a Fair Tax Batheja, Aman. GOP Taxonomy: The Flat Taxers and The Fair axers. N.p.: Texas Tribune, 2015. Web. 22 Sept. 2015.
Proposition 30 (prop 30 or SB11) is supported by the schools and local public safety protection Act of 2012. Prop 30 is a tax initiative led by California governor Jerry Brown. Prop 30 is aimed at reducing forecasted budget cuts to public schools also higher education, by increasing the California sales tax from 7.25% to 7.50%for the next four years. It also will create three new tax brackets for taxable incomes. Incomes exceeding $250,000, $300,000 and $500,000 will pay more in taxes for the next seven years. With the extra money being saved will go towards adding more classes for higher education students. Also to help reduce California’s state budget, prop 30 should raise $6 billion annually form raised taxes.
Whether or not to keep or discard the Bush era tax cuts for the wealthy, give tax breaks to the lowest tax bracket, and even throwing out the entire current tax code and replacing it with a simpler version, tax code and tax law has been a very controversial topic for the past few years. As it stands, the current tax code has over seventy two thousand pages, compared to the four hundred pages it had in 1913. There are many different stakeholders in this debate including taxpayers, corporations, businesses, etc. Americans for Tax Reform (ATR) is an organization that was “founded in 1985 by Grover Norquist at the request of President Reagan”(.N.p.). Their goal is to create and advocate for a simple flat tax,“...on the belief that they will provide a strong stimulus to investment, employment, and output” (Stokey 1). They promote their organization and represent taxpayers in all fifty states. Along with tax reform, ATR also advocates for individual health care, free trade, and spending transparency (.N.p.). Using very simple and easy to understand images, ATR is able to convey their goals and get information across to the general audience that visits their website.
As stated above, the party’s doctrine was based on more than three ideologies. The Democratic-Republicans called for extensive radicalism and nationalism. They dreamt about the country made of people with radical views who knew their rights. Their procedures are very democratic, fair, and transparent.
Energy and environmental issues are also another topic that both parties disagree on. Democrats support drilling for fossil fuels which is better for the environment. Republicans believe in expanded drilling which creates more energy at a cheaper cost. Democrats are advocates for using tax money to research solutions for alternative energy and Republicans just want to let the industry itself figure out the most practical solutions
The tax policy in the United States is very confusing. When the tax policy was originally written in 1913 it was four hundred pages. Now, over the past ninety one years, that tax policy has evolved to over 72,000 pages. Since the tax code has become so lengthy and nearly impossible to understand, the topic of tax reform has been in the minds of many. Although, most barely think about tax reform until tax season. It is a controversial subject due to the impact a change in tax code would have on the American people. The two most popular and widely known stakeholders in this debate are the two major political parties in the United States, the Democrats and the Republicans. The two parties share absolutely no common ground on the subject of tax reform, other than thinking the other parties solution is wrong. The Democrats, in general, want to raise taxes on the wealthy, while Republicans, generally, want to cut taxes for everyone (Democratic Party) (GOP). Unfortunately, with the United States economy currently doing so poorly, the parties can no longer afford to remain at a standstill, some sort of compromise is going to have to be made. The implementation of a flat tax, and discarding the current tax system would be a compromise that both parties can agree on and will simplify the tax code, overall benefiting all Americans.
Concerning the debate on our economy, republicans generally believe strongly in the power of a free market system, reduced income tax rate, more spending from the people, and less spending from the government. The Republican Party wants the tax rate to not be affected regardless of how much wealth a person has, and wants the tax rate to be reduced in order to create more private spending. According to the Republican National Convention web site, republicans “believe government should tax only to raise money for its essential functions,” such as keeping citizens safe from criminals and maintaining basic infrastructure and national security (Barton). With this being said, taxes should not be increased, but instead decreased, to lead to more spending on the free market and less spending from the federal government. The money the government uses to spend comes from the taxpayers, and republicans believe that those taxpayers have the right to use their money in other ways, such as spending on the free market, or saving it for the future. In turn, the republican idea is that when the taxes on things are lower, the people will spend more, which creates a steady, stable economy. The Republican Party would like to see a de-regulated economy with less taxing and more spending.
Economics is the study of currency and how it is made and distributed through our economy. Taxation is one of those main issues in this category. The Democrats and Republicans both consider taxation a major issue but both have different ways they are trying to deal with the problem. The Democrats believe that extending tax cuts to the middle class families of America that make less than 250,000$ a year while raising taxes on the extremely wealthy and huge corporations to help parents pay for college (“Democrats Unveil”). While the Republican Party says it would “try to eliminate taxes on interest, dividends and capital gains altogether for lower and middle-income taxpayers also would work to repeal the estate tax and the alternative minimum tax” (“Democrats Unveil”). They both want to change the tax policy to try to help pay off our debt and or help Americans to live an easier life. Another Key issue in this category is Medicare. Both parties believe that the Medicare policy should be changed. "Democrats adamantly oppose any efforts to privatize or voucherize Medicare" when the Republicans pledge...
We propose tax credits for small businesses that provide health insurance, retirement benefits, and employment and internships to students. We also propose that tax credits be given to businesses that practice clean air and environmental safety. We believe that our youth are a key concern of the nation and we need to set certain measures to make them feel safe and secure as Americans. A measure that we feel needs to be taken is to raise taxes on such products as cigarettes and guns. The Democratic Party believes in helping American families economically and socially through more equitable tax benefits.
The Democratic Party has over gone many changes over the years since its creation in seventeen ninety two. One of the biggest changes has to be the change in name from originally being known as the Anti-federalist or the Democratic Republicans to being known of today as the Democratic Party. They did not originally support the constitution and was against large government. The party was formed by Thomas Jefferson, he supported a limited government that reserved much power to the states, and supported the little man of America. One major conflict of the party was the election of eighteen sixty. Before the election the party was split on the issue of slavery. In the election the party was forced to run two candidates o...
Krugman points out how despite the obvious and ever growing gap between the rich and middle class in terms of wealth increase, Republicans tend to vote for tax cuts for the rich and for decreases in funding for programs that benefit the middle and lower classes of society, such as Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. Cutting funds for these services puts the middle and lower classes at even more of a disadvantage than they already were. Meanwhile, the rich receiving more tax cuts means they receive more money, furthering the economic wealth gap and increasing the money they can spend to influence politics. Krugman suggests the solution to the problem is increasing taxes on the
... Libertarians share the same goal of improving Texan’s quality of life in the areas of healthcare and education, their proposed implementation of such varies along two major lines; Those for or against expansion of governments role in the peoples lives. Texas Democrats see greater government as necessary and good, and seek to solve these issues within the constructs of state and national programs,. Conversely, Texas Republicans and Libertarians find this position cumbersome, and fear that increased government directives are wasteful, and will inevitably lead to the loss of choice and freedoms. Personally, I have to agree with them. Life experiences have taught me that there is always a price to be paid for any service, comfort, or security. With respect to the government, we pay not only monetarily, but also with our freedoms, and that to me is much too costly.
The United States faced the worst economic downfall in history during the Great Depression. A domino effect devastated every aspect of the economy, unemployment rate was at an all time high, banks were declaring bankruptcy and the frustration of the general public led to the highest suicide rates America has ever encountered. In the 1930’s Franklin D Roosevelt introduced the New Deal reforms, which aimed to “reconcile democracy, individual liberty and economic planning” (Liberty 863). The New Deal reforms were effective in the short term but faced criticism as it transformed the role of government and shaped the lives of American citizens.
Protects the taxpayer during hard times, when income is reduced, the tax rate also become shifts to a lower bracket.
Historically, the Democratic and Republican parties have clear and opposing viewpoints. Quite simply, the Democrats whole-heartedly oppose change to a program initiated under Roosevelt's New Deal. The Republicans consider this social program contrary to capitalism. However, over time the Republicans learned that it's popularity with the voters has made this issue untouchable.
Tax cuts are only benefiting the richest people, and will widen the inequality gap between the rich and the poor. A recent report from the Congressional Research Service states, “as the top tax rates a...