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Essays on puritan women
Anne Bradstreet The Author of Her Book
Influence of puritanism and american society
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Upon reading the poems by Anne Bradstreet, one is less likely to deny that Anne was an exemplary Puritan woman. Raising eight children, taking proper care of her family, and being able to write such a wonderful poems at that time is something, I think, we all can appreciate. It is almost unimaginable for a woman of our time to accomplish what Anne did. However, the fact that Woodbridge, Bradstreet’s brother in law, had to write a preface to assure people about the book’s authenticity and also to assure that those poems were not written in neglect of family duties, made me think how indifferently patriarchal Puritan society, then, treated women (Cowell 419). While reading Anne’s brief biography, one thing I really liked was Woodbridge’s eloquence
in describing his sister-in-law, Anne’s personality. He writes: …it is the work of a woman, honored, and esteemed where she lives, for her gracious demeanor, her eminent parts, her pious conversation, her courteous disposition, her exact diligence in her place, and discreet managing of her family occasions, and more than so, these poems are the fruit but of some few hours, curtailed from her sleep and other refreshments (Cowell 419). The reason I liked this quote is this: not only has Woodbridge been able to characterize Anne as a perfect Puritan woman as defined by the society, then, but also has been able to downplay Anne’s greatness as a poet while at the same time questioning everyone how much she could do if she would be able to spend more time in her poetry. He does not miss the chance to appreciate Anne’s sacrifice to become a poet, despite the responsibilities she had to fulfil. Bradstreet’s conciseness and word-choice blew my mind. It could be no better.
In the poems “Huswifery” by Edward Taylor and “To My Dear Loving Husband” by Anne Bradstreet use very contrasting writing styles. These were both written in the Puritan era; where the government was a theocracy, the church controlled everything and the people’s lifestyles were severely restricted. I believe that these poems are prime examples of how their strict lives affected the way the writer’s poems came out the way they did.
One of the most cherished doctrines of the Puritans is the well-known weaned affections. From a Puritan perspective, people must learn to wean their way off of “Earthy possessions” in order to dedicate their attention on God. Puritans were preoccupied with the belief that if people invested themselves in Earthy distraction including relationships, they would struggle to find everlasting-spiritual beauty. In both “The Author to Her Book” by Anne Bradstreet as well as the “Prologue” by Edward Taylor, the authors portray themselves in a struggle to be weaned from their affections.
The title character of Catharine Maria Sedgewick’s novel, Hope Leslie, defies the standards to which women of the era were to adhere. Sedgewick’s novel is set in New England during the 17th century after the Puritans had broken away from the Church of England. Hope Leslie lives in a repressive Puritan society in which women behave passively, submit to the males around them, and live by the Bible. They allow the men of their family to make decisions for them and rarely, if ever, convey an opinion that differs from the status quo. However, Hope Leslie does not conform to the expected behavior of women during that time, behavior that only further expressed the supposed superiority of males. Hope portrays behaviors and attitudes common in a woman today. Hope is capable of thinking for herself, is courageous, independent, and aggressive. Sir Philip Gardner describes Hope as having “a generous rashness, a thoughtless impetuosity, a fearlessness of the… dictators that surround her, and a noble contempt of fear” (211). In comparison to Esther Downing, Hope is the antithesis of what a young Puritan woman should be, and in turn, Hope gains a great deal of respect from the readers of the novel through her “unacceptable” behavior.
Although Anne Bradstreet appeared to be the ideal Puritanical housewife, she faced many hardships throughout her lifetime. She faced death often, either due to disease or childbirth. These hardships led Bradstreet
Anne Bradstreet, whom most critics consider America’s first “authentic poet”, was born and raised as a Puritan. Bradstreet married her husband Simon at the tender age of eighteen. She wrote her poems while rearing eight children and performing other domestic duties. In her poem “Upon The Burning Of Our House, July 10th, 1666”, Bradstreet tells of three valuable lessons she learned from the fire that destroyed her home.
After reading Anne Bradstreet’s poems I liked “Before the Birth of One of Her Children” the most. In this poem Bradstreet is writing about the possibility of death after she gives birth to her children. During this time period 1 out of every 3 women die during childbirth. This poem was addressed to her husband as she goes on to say that if she does die that he remember everything positive about her. She even says that he must protect their children from a “step mother injury” and constantly remind them of their mother. Anne goes on to describe the possibility of this tragedy could happen to her. If this does happen to her she wants her husband to kiss the poem to symbolize kissing her after she is gone.
Bradstreet’s poetry is fully religious. Being a pious woman, as everyone was at that time period, she wrote poems claiming high morals and religious motifs. Her writings were very popular among puritans who started colonizing America. His Puritan belief was the reason of her special attitude to her life, soul and sufferings. “She thought that God was so hard on her because her soul was too in love with the world. She also wrote some poems where she asked God to watch over her children and husband” (Gonzalez, 2000).
Anne Bradstreet is an incredible Puritan writer who always stays dedicated to her Puritan beliefs. She would include biblical references and spiritual ideals into her works of poetry of love. Anne Bradstreet published “ The Flesh and the Spirit” 1650, focuses on the internal conflicts in which many puritans faced at this time in history. “Flesh” and “Spirit” always have conflicts with each other they always fight but “spirit” always has the last word. This strengthens her faith because it shows how your redeemed self is strong enough to withhold the temptations of your sinful self. The writings to her husband could be seen, as a type of rebellion is she did not mention the “Spirit” who neglects all “fleshes” tries to persuade her to sin. Bradstreet expresses love for god and her
Stiff white collars, harsh black clothes, and rigid beliefs characterize descriptions of early-American Puritans in present-day literature and movies. However, stereotypes such as this rarely hold up under scrutiny of historical accounts and works of these early Puritans, such as the poems of Anne Bradstreet, showcase the complex, true nature of Puritan settlers. Published without her knowledge in 1650, Bradstreet’s The Tenth Muse paints a picture of a complex woman with conflicting values. In her poems, Bradstreet struggles with her conflicting views on gender roles, sexuality, and religion. For example, while Puritan men were the heads of the households, women were not simply standing meekly behind them, but succeeding in their own right. In fact, Bradstreet’s husband was often away from the household, leaving all
In Honor to Anne Bradstreet and Her Father “To her father with some verses” is a poem written by Anne Bradstreet (Lauter 445). She was the first woman in the British Colonies to have been published and as such was a pioneer for women’s rights (437). She was a pioneer in the sense that during the puritan days an outspoken woman was harshly judged. A womans role in the puritan society was to take proper care of her family and household. A woman not taking care of her household would be scorned, as she couldn’t possibly be taking proper care of her household, if she was busy writing poetry.
Feminism today remains prominent because even while women’s rights are very strong, women are still fighting for equality every day. In the time of Anne Bradstreet, women had few rights and they were seen as inferior to men. Anne lived among the puritans whom ruled her everyday life. Although it was against the puritan code for women to receive an education, Bradstreet’s father, Thomas Dudley, loved his daughter dearly and made sure that she was well educated which shows in her works. Anne Bradstreet’s literature became well known only because her family published her works under a male name. This was done because writing poetry was a serious offense to the puritans since poetry was considered creative and the only creating that was done was by God. In the works of Anne Bradstreet, she conveys a feminist attitude, and could very well be one of the first American Feminists.
At first perusal, Anne Bradstreet’s writing adheres to a very Puritan sensibility: she argues that women, though they are worthy individuals, are naturally inferior to men and that earthly treasures are mere distractions from heavenly eternity. But, woven beneath the surface of her poems is the subtle revelation of her sexuality. Bradstreet eroticizes the complex relationship between nature, religion, her husband and herself, seemingly contradicting her religion, but by contextualizing the sexuality in religious terms, she shows that sexuality can be reconciled with spirituality.
Anne Bradstreet starts off her letter with a short poem that presents insight as to what to expect in “To My Dear Children” when she says “here you may find/ what was in your living mother’s mind” (Bradstreet 161). This is the first sign she gives that her letter contains not just a mere retelling of adolescent events, but an introspection of her own life. She writes this at a very turbulent point in history for a devout Puritan. She lived during the migration of Puritans to America to escape the persecution of the Catholic Church and also through the fragmentation of the Puritans into different sects when people began to question the Puritan faith.
Anne Bradstreet’s poem “The Author to Her Book” is indicative of Calvinist society’s opinion of female writers, especially those with a more creative and non-religious focus, in the American colonies during the 17th century. The poem was written in response to Bradstreet’s first volume of poetry being published without her knowledge or consent before she had the chance to do final revisions on it. Because the role of women in Calvinist society was traditionally restricted to motherly duties and writing was done strictly for religious expression, Bradstreet’s creative writing could have raised questions as to if she was neglecting her motherly or Christian duties. Due to this stigma, Bradstreet incorporates a tone of self-deprecation in “The
Up until the early 17th century, American literature was chiefly about politics, religion, and recorded events. These writings were very dry and lacked insight into the everyday lives of the authors. To put into writing any individual spiritual reflections that strayed away from the religion of the colony could be dangerous at that time; possibly resulting in banishment from the colony or worse. Likewise, any writing that did not serve at least one of the purposes listed above was considered to be a waste of time that would be better spent praising God. Anne Bradstreet defied the rules of her time by writing about whatever she wanted including personal thoughts, reflections, emotions, and events. Bradstreet was the first to write about personal matters, which is her greatest literary contribution in early American literature.