Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Epicurus letter to herodotus
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Epicurus letter to herodotus
Sulaiman Saed Haruna Third level attempt Philosophy 25a In the Letter to Herodotus, Epicurus gives a general account of Epicurean atomism. Of particular interest is its take on the nature of matter. The universe is made up of bodies and void. The bodies represent matter, and Epicurus states that some bodies are a compound made up of entities that are atomic, unchangeable and do not get destroyed when the bodies they make up are being destroyed. It is better to think of it this way: if these atomic entities come together in a particular form we have a body, but when they separate into individual atomic entities then the body no longer exists. However, the atoms that previously made the body still exist. Epicurus believes that all bodies come to be from these atomic natures. These atomic natures were subsequently referred to as atoms. Atoms make up all of matter. At this point, we can infer that Epicurus believes matter can be divided, but only as far as to the atom. The goal of this essay is to analyze Epicurus’ argument that matter cannot be infinitely divisible.We would look at the premises in his argument from which …show more content…
Consequently, it would eventually be destroyed into what is not per the destruction argument Epicurus agrees with. But would it always be the case that an infinitely divisible matter must certainly get destroyed into what is not? Certainly, it is possible that if matter divided infinitely it could be destroyed into other things. For instance, let consider a broken beer bottle. Inasmuch as we no longer consider it to be a beer bottle because it has undergone some sort of destruction, it could be called a weapon. Even though the beer bottle was destroyed, it didn't end up becoming non-being. Epicurus could have pointed this out. In my opinion to assume that if something is divided infinitely, then it is destroyed into non-being is a little weakness I identified in Epicurus’
This paper will offer a commentary on Herodotus’ Histories 2.129-135. Book Two of Histories concerns itself with Egypt; specifically chapters 99-182 detail rulers of Egypt both legendary and actual. Book Two is distinct from the other books in Histories as it is in this book that we predominantly experience Herodotus as an investigator. More precisely it is in Book Two that Herodotus treats first person experience not as direct evidence but as a method of assessing the accounts of others. Chapters 129-135 provide us with the tale of King Mycerinus as recounted by whom Herodotus refers to in 2.127 as simply ‘ÆGYPTIOI’. These Egyptians are referred to at various points in Book Two and at times appear to refer to what might be termed ‘Egyptians in general’ . However, we can make a reasonable assumption in this instance, given what has been stated before at 2.99 and what is stated later at 2.142, that the Egyptians that provide Herodotus with the tale of King Mycerinus are probably priests. It should not be assumed that priests are any more reliable than the lay Egyptian in Histories however; the Egyptian priesthood did not necessarily concern itself with historical accuracy. Indeed the inclusion of priests may simply be a Herodotean literary device designed to reinforce his reader’s credulity.
Thrasymachus has just stated, "Justice is nothing other than the advantage of the stronger", and is now, at the request of Socrates, clarifying his statement.
Berkeley’s Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous is an argument between the Cartesian thinker Hylas and the Berkelean Philonous. In the first of these dialogues, Berkley argues that the Cartesian notion of substance is incoherent and that the word "matter" as Descartes uses it is meaningless.
Intellectuals are philosophers, are writers, are artists. They are all those people who work with their minds by questioning the events that touch them and that are touched by them. To recall a Plato's famous allegory, we can say that intellectuals are those who are able to look beyond the shadows and never take concepts for granted. However, some questions as what their role is and, more specifically, whether they should be engaged in politics are still unanswerable. Over the years answers and behaviors towards the engaged culture have been various and we can assume that the intellectuals who cannot separate the two live their lives actively for they want to be part of the events that surround them and let awareness win over apathy. On the contrary, we can assume that those who let apathy win are the intellectuals that look at politics and culture as two different and specific concepts and live a solitary life far from society. However, this is not an appropriate judgment because it would be difficult to consider to which extent solitude can be regarded as cowardliness and to which extent action can be regarded as consciousness.
Epicurus’s Death argument is very simple, and thus can be hard to refute. The basic premise is that is that no one feels any pain while they are dead, thus being dead is not a painful experience, so being dead is not bad for the one who is dead. My goal for this paper is to prove how those premises fails. In section 1 I will explain in greater detail Epicurus’s argument, in section 2 I will attack those arguments citing various theoretical examples, and in section 3 I will defend my attacks against potential rebuttals.
If, as Epicurus claims, everything is either body or void, the soul must also be one of these two things. It cannot be void, as the void is nothing and can consist only of nothing, so therefore it must be a body or compound of bodies (Letter to Herodotus 63). He believes that the soul is most responsible for sense-perception, and that it must be enclosed within the body to facilitate this (Letter to Herodotus 63-64). If this is the case, it must therefore be acknowledged that the soul must exist...
For centuries, physicists and philosophers alike have wondered what makes up our universe. Aristotle thought that all matter came in one of four forms: Earth, Air, Fire, and Water. Since then we have come a long way, with the discovery of the atoms and the subatomic particles they are made of. We can even guess at what makes up protons and neutrons. We have since then discovered and predicted the existence of particles other than the atom, such as the photon, neutrino, axion, and many others.
Epicurean's physics was atomistic; meaning that the entire universe merely consisted of atoms and the space or void in which the atoms floated, collided, and whirled about. Lucretius wrote that 'not all bodily matter is tightly packed /by nature's law, for there's a void in things. By void I mean vacant and empty space, /something you cannot touch'; (Lucretius 456). For if the universe were comprised of only matter, then nothing would ever move, because it is the nature of matter to remain immobile until acted upon by an outside force. Without the open space, or void, nothing could have been made or brought to life. Epicur...
Deja Shivers Prof. Sentmenant 3 May, 2018 An Epicurean’s Letter to Chuck In Chuck’s case, possessing tens of millions of dollars, on the basis of fraud or not, seems to be his idea of the ‘American Dream’. If it could all be that easy, to embezzle millions of dollars and escape to a foreign country in peace. Considering all the pros in Chuck’s case, he is 1.tech-savvy 2.
To open Chapter 6 of Lambda in Metaphysics, Aristotle states, “Since there were three kinds of substance, two of them natural and one unmovable, regarding the latter we must assert that it is necessary that there should be an eternal unmovable substance. For substances are the first of existing things, and if they are all destructible, all things are destructible. But it is impossible
In Plato’s Theaetetus, Socrates examines the first definition of knowledge that theaetetus gives that knowledge is perception. Socrates gives us many example that both supports and refutes that knowledge is perception. The basic claim from Protagoras is that truth is based on the perception of every man. This means that things are to any person as they seem to that person. Socrates explains to us Protagoras’s view with the cold wind example. He say that through Protagoras theory, the wind is cold to the person that feels cold, and the wind is warm to the person that feels warm. Both “the wind is cold” and “the wind is war” is true according to Protagoras and it is based on the perception of the person. Then we learn from Socrates that if knowledge and truth is based on perception then everything that has perception has his own set of knowledge and truth. Also sense Protagoras not considering himself to be a god, and is on the same level of us then wouldn’t the truth and knowledge he definite in his doctrine only be his own set truth and knowledge for he only knows his own perspective.
Heraclitus was a Pre-Socratic philosopher who believed that logos was the nature and account for the universe (22B1-B2, 31). He describes that “[t]his kosmos… none of gods nor humans made… is and shall be: an ever-living fire” (B30, 34), making a connection of how fire is the “stuff” (Corner) that is the source of creation in the universe. He also mentions that “[f]ire is want and satiety” (B65, 35), indicating that fire is a force consisting of two opposites. Heraclitus believes that the unity of opposites consists of two forces pulling on each other to achieve harmony like a guitar and the tightness of its strings.
Descartes argues that the mind and body can be thought of as separate substances. Descartes writes “I have a body that is very closely joined to me, nevertheless, because … I have a clear and distinct idea of myself, insofar as I am merely a thinking thing and not an extended thing and because … I have a distinct idea of a body, insofar as it is merely an extended thing and not a thinking thing, it is certain that I am really distinct from my body and can exist without it” ( Descartes 50). With this quote, Descartes is saying that the mind and body are separate because he has two distinct ideas of the body and the mind and the body is not a thinking thing as he is but an extended substance. Another point to Descartes argument is that the mind and body are different due to one being indivisible and the other being divisible. Descartes writes “a body, by its very nature, is always divisible. On the other hand, the mind is utterly indivisible” (53). Here is saying that there are ...
Democritus was a Greek philosopher who lived from 460 B.C. to 370 B.C. He focused mainly on the idea of atomism in our world. Atomism is the philosophy that everything in our world is made up of very small, unbreakable atoms. At that time, it was under much scrutiny by Plato and Aristotle who were the next great philosophers to come after Democritus. Democritus’s ideas eventually paved the way for modern scientists to prove that atoms are a basic building block of everything in nature.
Another Miletus philosopher and also a pupil of Thales was Anaximander. Anaximander believed also about some thing at the foundation of all physical reality, but he didn’t believe it was water or any specific element. He thought the primary substance that all things come is an indefinite and boundless realm. He differentiates things from their origin by the indeterminate boundless. The last Miletus philosopher was Anaximenes, he was an associate of Anaximander. Anaximenes wasn’t satisfied with the thought of the boundless being the source of all things, he thought this was too vague. He combined Thales belief of a definite substance and Anaximander’s concept of the boundless in continued motion. Anaximenes declared air as the primary substance from which all things come.