Analysis Of The Allegory Of The Cave

Throughout the course of history, mankind has unceasingly strived to comprehend the purpose of our existence. Who are we? Why are we here? While many different conclusions to these questions have emerged, Plato shared Socrates’ believe that ignorance is the mind’s natural state and that our human existence is meant to be lived seeking true knowledge through debate and questioning. In “The Allegory of the Cave” from The Republic, Plato depicts a cave where prisoners are chained from their childhood to grow up only looking at the back of the cave wall. Above and behind them is a fire with a wall standing in front of it where puppeteers hold various figured objects in front of the fire to create dancing shadows on the wall. The prisoners, seeing

Rather than accepting the conventional belief that education is defined as the mind receiving knowledge to obtain wisdom, Socrates believed that the soul already contains all possible knowledge, however it is through seeking knowledge through debate and questioning that wisdom is revealed. Plato echoes this belief within the allegory by proposing that “‘certain professors of education must be wrong when they say that they can put knowledge into the soul which was not there before, like sight into blind eyes . . . [for] the power and capacity of learning exists in the soul already.’” (Plato 551). By creating a philosophical narrative through almost the entire use of dialogue, Plato demonstrates how questioning through conversation can lead to philosophical understanding just as it lead to Socrates’ understanding in the allegory. Furthermore, nothing Socrates states within the allegory is ever stated as a perfect fact, but rather stated as an idea or a question. Likewise, Glaucon also never confirms Socrates’ ideas as actuality, but only answers with phrases such as, “that is fairly put” or “so it seems” to encourage his theories, but not to ratify his proposal as a fact. This use of Socratic dialogue reiterates Plato’s main purpose in primarily using inquisitive dialogue within the narrative

Plato states that “‘the world of our sight is like the habitation in prison,’” (citation). To convey this message he describes a cave, which represents the physical, sensory world that possesses people who believe empirical knowledge to be true knowledge. Within the cave the people only see shadows, mere reflections of the truth, which represents the falsehood in their perception of genuine knowledge. The dreariness of the cave is meant to exemplify how an "unexamined life" can be a mental prison; a suppressed mindset that yields impaired intellect (Robinson 25). However, the outside of the cave represents the ideal, true world; an escape from the confinement of ignorance. The prisoners who escape the cave through philosophical curiosity ascend into reality in pursuit of wisdom and understanding. The discovery of Forms, perfect, eternal, and unchanging entities, will lead to the comprehension of factual knowledge and endless wisdom. Plato’s Theory of Forms also illustrated the crucial link between knowledge and goodness. The highest Form of all the Forms is the Form of the Good, which illuminates all of the other Forms. Plato believes that the Form of the Good “‘is seen only with an effort; and, when seen, is also inferred to be the universal author of all things beautiful and