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American literature and culture
American literature and culture
American literature and culture
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“I was chaos on the first day, waiting for the Word,” Judith Ortiz Cofer, a longtime Puerto Rican mother resident of Georgia once said. She became one of the numerous Latina writers whose reputation rose during the 1980s and 1990s. Her stories about coming-of-age experiences between the Puerto Rican communities and New York City were what gave her poems and essays the basis about the cultural conflicts of immigrants. Having a father in the U.S. Navy, Judith spent her a lot of her early years traveling back and forth between Puerto Rico and Patterson New Jersey to stay with her grandmother while her father was away. Ortiz Cofer’s constant traveling exposed her to the difference in cultural life between America and back in Puerto Rico. Judith gained a passion for storytelling from the tales her grandmother would tell of …show more content…
their family (Acosta-Belen, Edna). After reading “Latin Women Pray,” it is prevalent that the theme of male absence and women who wait on men is perhaps the major point touched.
Also, there is information about the historical background of Puerto Ricans and other minorities in the military as a way of life that divided their families yet gave them the experience of moving from one place to another. She focuses on what her readers will feel while reading her works. She intends to create responses between each reader by writing in such a way that triggers emotion from an audience to another. For instance, she tells stories of the woman immigrants through her experiences as a migrant. She also uses her skill of storytelling to display those experiences in the novel “The Line of the Sun,” where Cofer creates an autobiographical character. On the whole, her writing style mostly touches the themes of ethnicity, feminism, and progression; however, when Ortiz Cofer narrates about women's point of view instead of concentrating on the stereotypical role of women, she goes beyond normal expectations and writes about various alternatives to growing up as a woman in society (Gordon,
Stephanie). Judith Ortiz Cofer has a great commitment to her community shown in the poem "El Olvido" which has a main theme of culture. The opening line of the poem says: "It is a dangerous thing to forget the climate of your birthplace,” uses the word climate suggesting weather conditions which are a form of feeling and emotion to emphasize her point that a person can leave where he/she have come from, but that feeling of where they have been should never leave. By using those words, it allows the reader to recognize Cofer’s style of writing in being precise but vague for a diverse audience. The author walks a fine line between writing for her own group and writing for the general audience in most of her works because she introduces Spanish and some culture items from the island but then translate them into English and U.S. culture. The style becomes an intercultural mixture. According to Maya Socolovsky, “critics often describe Judith Ortiz Cofer's work as written by the side of two cultures: the Puerto Rican one of her parents and ancestors, and the American one of her peers and her adolescence.” Although this is very common for multicultural writers, Ortiz Cofer has challenged publishing companies' desires to categorize her work. In one example, Maya quotes a publisher as saying, "We don't know where to put Judith Cofer. Judith Cofer is writing in standard English, and she lives in Georgia." Although in part Ortiz Cofer agrees with this statement by admitting that her writing was somewhere in between her two cultures being Latin and American. She now considers herself as not being mainstream in the following quote: “I'm not a mainstream North American writer, but I publish in mainstream North American journals. I'm not an island writer." Altogether, Judith’s publications include books of poetry, a novel, and collections of stories and essays that are written from the perspective of a latina, migrant herself, who focuses on the emotion of her readers through the themes of ethnicity, feminism, cultural conflicts and patriotism. She admits that her writing was dedicated to a diverse audience and that although before she was in between the American and the Latin writing, which sometimes could confuse the reader, she has now set a certain perspective that does not define her as North American or island writer.
Norma Elia Cantu’s novel “Canícula: Imágenes de una Niñez Fronteriza” (“Canícula: Snapshots of a Girlhood en la Frontera”), which chronicles of the forthcoming of age of a chicana on the U.S.- Mexico border in the town of Laredo and Nuevo Laredo in the 1940s-60s. Norma Elia Cantú brings together narrative and the images from the family album to tell the story of her family. It blends authentic snapshots with recreated memoirs from 1880 to 1950 in the town between Monterrey, Mexico, and San Antonio, Texas. Narratives present ethnographic information concerning the nationally distributed mass media in the border region. Also they study controversial discourse that challenges the manner in which the border and its populations have been portrayed in the U.S. and Mexico. The canícula in the title symbolizes “The dog days of 1993,” an intense part of summer when the cotton is harvested in South Texas. The canícula also represents summer and fall; also important seasons and concepts of that bridge between child and adulthood. She describes imaginative autobioethnography life growing up on ...
Junot Diaz is a Dominican-American writer whose collection of short stories Drown tells the story of immigrant families in the urban community of New Jersey. His short story “Fiesta, 1980” focuses on Yunior, an adolescent boy from Dominican Republic and his relationship with his father. On the other hand, Piri Thomas was a great Latino writer from Puerto-Rico whose memoir Down These Mean Streets tells his life story as an adolescent residing in Harlem and the challenges he faces outside in the neighborhood and at home with his father. Both Diaz and Thomas in different ways explore the dynamics of father-son relationships in their work. Furthermore, both expose masculinity as a social construct.
Islas, Arturo. From Migrant Souls. American Mosaic: Multicultural Readings in Context. Eds. Gabriele Rico, Barbara Roche and Sandra Mano. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1995. 483-491.
As you read you can picture his settings and characters. For the purpose of this book review, the reader will discuss how a migrant community in search of the “American Dream” encounters the “American Nightmare” as described by Tomás Rivera in his novel, “ …And the Earth Did Not Devour Him.”
Initially, understanding an individual's point of view is essential to a discussion or argument. In the essay, ''The Myth of The Latin Women: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria" Cofer attempts to illustrate the effect stereotypes have in a Latina's life. Throughout the piece, she writes of her personal experience and how the positive side of being Latina is being downgraded by stereotypes, she writes, "We cannot change this by legislating the way people look at us. The Transformation, as I see it, has to occur at a much
Oftentimes, societal problems span across space and time. This is certainly evident in Julia Alvarez’s How the García Girls Lost Their Accents a novel in which women are treated peripherally in two starkly different societies. Contextually, both the Dominican Republic and the United States are very dissimilar countries in terms of culture, economic development, and governmental structure. These factors contribute to the manner in which each society treats women. The García girls’ movement between countries helps display these societal distinctions. Ultimately, women are marginalized in both Dominican and American societies. In the Dominican Republic, women are treated as inferior and have limited freedoms whereas in the United States, immigrant
Immigrants come to America, the revered City upon a Hill, with wide eyes and high hopes, eager to have their every dream and wild reverie fulfilled. Rarely, if ever, is this actually the case. A select few do achieve the stereotypical ‘rags to riches’ transformation – thus perpetuating the myth. The Garcia family from Julia Alvarez’s book How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accents, fall prey to this fairytale. They start off the tale well enough: the girls are treated like royalty, princesses of their Island home, but remained locked in their tower, also known as the walls of their family compound. The family is forced to flee their Dominican Republic paradise – which they affectionately refer to as simply, the Island – trading it instead for the cold, mean streets of American suburbs. After a brief acclimation period, during which the girls realize how much freedom is now available to them, they enthusiastically try to shed their Island roots and become true “American girls.” They throw themselves into the American lifestyle, but there is one slight snag in their plan: they, as a group, are unable to forget their Island heritage and upbringing, despite how hard they try to do so. The story of the Garcia girls is not a fairytale – not of the Disney variety anyway; it is the story of immigrants who do not make the miraculous transition from rags to riches, but from stifling social conventions to unabridged freedom too quickly, leaving them with nothing but confusion and unresolved questions of identity.
Martinez, Demetria. 2002. “Solidarity”. Border Women: Writing from la Frontera.. Castillo, Debra A & María Socorro Tabuenca Córdoba. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 168- 188.
The author of this short story, Sandra Cisneros used this myth to make herself different from other American writers. She used ideas from things and stories she heard growing up as a Mexican-American woman, living in a house full of boys that got all of the attention (Mathias). Cisneros also grew up in the 19...
Moving from the unpleasant life in the old country to America is a glorious moment for an immigrant family that is highlighted and told by many personal accounts over the course of history. Many people write about the long boat ride, seeing The Statue of Liberty and the “golden” lined streets of New York City and how it brought them hope and comfort that they too could be successful in American and make it their home. Few authors tend to highlight the social and political developments that they encountered in the new world and how it affected people’s identity and the community that they lived in. Authors from the literature that we read in class highlight these developments in the world around them, more particularly the struggles of assimilating
When Puerto Ricans migrated to the United States they did it in two major waves. The first wave of emigration occurred in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. The second wave occurred from the 1940s to the present. The workings of Bernando Vega and Jose Cruz deal with the different generations of Puerto Ricans that these two waves brought to the United States. While Vega discusses the early emigration of Puerto Ricans to New York City, Cruz discusses the later emigration of Puerto Ricans to Connecticut. Each author describes a different Puerto Rican experience in the United States. The experiences differed in most aspects; from the context in which each wave of emigration occurred to the type of politics that was practiced.
Many writers focus their works of written art on life situations. They focus on drugs, poverty, stereotypes, young adults living in a difficult world, and of course a topic that has been present for many years, male dominance. Abraham Rodriguez Jr. in “The Boy Without a Flag” captures all these themes and more in his Tales of the South Bronx, which relate to the lives of many Hispanics and minority residents of the United States. He begins his book with his short story, The Boy without a Flag. This story is really touching, especially for very patriotic people that live in the United States, but that come from other parts of the world, in this case Puerto Rico.
Writing in the 20th century was great deal harder for a Chicano then it was for a typical American at this time. Although that did not stop this author, Sandra Cisneros. One of her famous novels, Woman Hollering Creek was a prime example of how a combined culture: Mexican-Americans, could show their pride and identity in this century. In conjunction, gave the opportunity for women to speak their voice and forever change the culture of Latino/a markets. Not only did it express identity/gender roles of women and relationships, but using these relationships to combine the cultures of Mexican and American into a hybrid breed. This novel, should have been a view-point for the future to show that there is more to life than just gender and race. Concluding this, the articles that helps define this is “The Latino/a Canon and the Emergence of Post-Sixties Literature” and “What is called Heaven”.
Judith Ortiz Cofer, a professor of english and creative writing, tackles gender roles as well as cultural stereotypes in “ The Myth of the Latin Woman” and challenges them by attempting to replace the stereotypes with the realities. In “The Myth of the Latin Woman” Cofer discusses her life in America as a Puerto Rican woman. She also shares her stories of when she was stereotyped and how gender roles play a role in how Latinos are viewed. Stereotypes will follow you around because of your appearance and how the media portrays Latinas.
The struggle to find a place inside an un-welcoming America has forced the Latino to recreate one. The Latino feels out of place, torn from the womb inside of America's reality because she would rather use it than know it (Paz 226-227). In response, the Mexican women planted the seeds of home inside the corral*. These tended and potted plants became her burrow of solace and place of acceptance. In the comfort of the suns slices and underneath the orange scents, the women were free. Still the questions pounded in the rhythm of street side whispers. The outside stare thundered in pulses, you are different it said. Instead of listening she tried to instill within her children the pride of language, song, and culture. Her roots weave soul into the stubborn soil and strength grew with each blossom of the fig tree (Goldsmith).