An analysis of Schools of Psychotherapy as they relate to Anger Management Anger is a basic human emotion that transcends cultural boundaries. However, despite its universality, an exact definition agreed upon by all people is lacking (Norcross & Kobayashi, 1999). Physiologically, brain centers in the amygdala are connected to anger processing. Because the information processing that takes place in this brain structure is primitive, anger can be triggered inappropriately and without the individual's knowledge of the cause. In psychodynamic terms, past events and experiences suppressed in the unconscious can be the source of generated anger. In cognitive-behavioral terms, anger is described as an interaction of behavior, cognition, and physiological arousal (Ambrose & Mayne, 1999). According to Deffenbacher (1999), anger may be aroused by specific external events, a mix of these external events with the anger-related memories they elicit, and internal stimuli such as emotions or thoughts. It results when "events are judged to involve a trespass upon the personal domain, an insult to or an assault upon ego identity, a violation of values and expectations, and/or unwarranted interference with goal-directed behavior" (p.297). Two main ways to treat anger involve helping patients to prevent anger activation or helping them to regulate anger manifestation. The former is generally a longer and more difficult approach due to the fact that early emotional behavior patterns are hard to change or eliminate. Therefore, the moderation of anger may prove to be a more effective route of therapy (Ambrose & Mayne, 1999). Many different schools of psychotherapy have addressed the problem of anger. Because of the lack of a universally identic... ... middle of paper ... ...al Psychology, 55(3), 275-282. Messer, S.B. (2001). What Makes Brief Psychodynamic Therapy Time Efficient. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8, 5-22. McGinn, L.K., & Sanderson, W.C. (2001). What Allows Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to be Brief: Overview, Efficacy, and Crucial Factors Facilitating Brief Treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8, 23-37. Paivio, S.C. (1999). Experiential Conceptualization and Treatment of Anger. Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 311-324. Phares, E.J., & Trull, T.J. (2001). Clinical Psychology. California: Wadsworth. Van Deurzen, E. (2000). Humanistic-existential approaches. In C.Feltham & I. Horton (Eds.), Handbook of Counselling and Psychotherapy (pp.331-336). London: SAGE Publications.Ambrose, T.K., & Mayne, T.J. (1999). Research Review on Anger in Psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 353-363.
This paper will examine Robert C. Solomon's Emotions and Choices article, to best identify what anger is, and to what extent a rational human being is responsible for their anger. Firstly, Solomon's argument must be described. A quick summation of Solomon's argument can be found in the following four points: Emotions are judgements, emotions are chosen, emotions serve a purpose, and emotions are rational.1 To quote Solomon, he explains that “Emotions are not occurrences, and do not happen to us. They ... may be chosen like an action.”2
Messer, S., & Warren, C. (1995). Models of brief psychodynamic therapy (1st ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
In his autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Equiano describes his early life in Africa and the shattering effects of the slave trade. From growing up and learning to be a man under the watchful and loving eye of his mother, to being torn from his family and home and being forced to travel throughout Africa before ultimately finding himself aboard a slave ship headed for America, He gives readers a unique view of life as an African during the 1700s. Many themes are explored in Equiano’s tale, but one cannot ignore the most prominent theme of the evil of slavery and the destruction that ensues.
Seneca who was a Roman philosopher between 4 B.C and 65 B.C has given his opinion about anger in his essay 'On Anger '. This essay will illustrate his views on anger by looking at his definition on anger, the discordances of anger with nature, the decision and causes to start anger, his argument on anger and the remedies of it.
Ask anyone if there are benefits in using methamphetamine and chances are the answer will be no; however studies have shown that teenagers feel the complete opposite. It is a chilling fact that seventy-seven percent of those reporting to have tried meth were fifteen years of age and even younger (2007, Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly). According...
Beck, A. (1978). Cognitive therapy of depression (The Guildford Clinical Psychology and psychopathology series). New York, N.Y : Guildford Press.
Anger can be partly physiological, cognitive, and psychological, and it is also pointedly ideological. Factors such as race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, and religion arouse anger (Kim1). Goldhor-lerner stated that:
Athol Fugard's 'Master Harold' . . . and the Boys is about Hally, a white young man, and the damage done by apartheid The play takes place on the southeast cost of South Africa, 1950 during the apartheid, in Hally's parents' restaurant. This is where two black servants, Sam and Willie, work for the white family. Sam and Willie have been a part of Hally's upbringing and are close friends. The play is a microcosm for the situation happening in South Africa a parallel time.
Conflict forms the basis for most novels and plays, and MHATBs is no exception. In this play, however, the major vehicle for conflict is the existence of apartheid in South Africa. Apartheid was a term used euphemistically by the Botha government. It means ‘separate development’, but the practical application of it ensured that the white minority maintained its dominant position, at the expense of the black, Cape coloured and Asian majority. This is indeed fertile soil for the spade work of any dramatist, but it does not provide a guarantee against clumsy development or poor writing. Fugard’s major victory is to take an already powerful issue and deal with it in an equally powerful, and yet sometimes subtle and sensitive way. The features of racism are often blunt, as they are for example in Courtney’s novel, The Power of One. It is hard to mask racial hatred. Fugard, however, demonstrates that racist sentiments can often be conveyed more subtly through attitudes and interaction. Hally, for example, makes many comments that he would in no way regard as prejudiced. We, however, know differently. Example: kite.
Anger is a complicated concept that is not very well understood by many. Anger can be negative as well as positive in certain circumstances. Everyone has experienced anger in their life time it is impossible to avoid. The management of anger is where it can cause problems. The term anger has been around for a very long time, and there is a scale to measure how angry someone is. When anger is better understood more resources will be available. It is in everyone’s best interest that more research be done to understand anger and how it affects the human body and one’s health.
“Master Harold and the boys” written by Athol Fugard is play set in the apartheid of South Africa in the 1950. This reflect the racism abuse black people suffered from white people. Regarding the effort that was being made by the community, they still lost the discrimination and inequality kept growing until a point where people started to fight for their liberty. I this essay I’m going to focus on the different ways ballroom dancing reflects and describes the constant roughness there was in South Africa from to different communities, how Fugard connect both culture with one same motif and the relationship between the culture, starting from the friendship Harold and Sam establish at the begging of the book.
We should all try to control our anger as much as possible and we should all do everything we can to control one of the biggest issues in the world: anger. There are so many wars going around on earth, and they mostly start with a anger and grudges against each other. And slowly, they become a problem for everybody, all just because of a single dispute.
Athol Fugard’s “‘Master Harold’ . . . and the boys” illustrates that power is an issue that has so many people playing a part. Hally’s relatively short visit to his parent’s shop reveals so many problems within society in South Africa and around the world that still exist today. Everything from the interactions between the characters, to the title of the play, and even their choices of conversation all show that the thing about power struggles is that everyone ends up damaged. Fugard presents several brief displays of the power struggles that affect each character and in turn exposes to the reader that many forms of power are integrated into society so invisibly that we rarely see such struggles, and they are so much more than a black and white issue.
In conclusion, the play had a powerful effect and used its available resources (e.g. props/setting) to the fullest. The actors were very talented and well-suited for the storyline. This performance is suitable for young people who are interested in history, particularly apartheid in South Africa, or anybody who enjoys a heartfelt play with many quirky jokes and musical moments. Director Mumbi Tindylebwa has done a good job in creating an enactment of a group of friends and their experience with a racist South African government. Anyone would agree that this play was an inspirational and moving performance.
In his work “The Dramatic Art of Athol Fugard,” Albert Wertheim discusses Athol Fugard’s creation of “the voice of inner truth, […] a voice with which we speak from the heart” (19). Wertheim mentions how Fugard’s The Blood Knot is the first of his works to implement such a voice. Cumbrously, The Blood Knot is such a dense piece of work that critics dispute over what exactly this voice articulates. Fugard forages through topics such as raciality, apartheid and white supremacy in South Africa, brotherhood and familial ties, and many other themes. For the purpose of this essay, the voice of inner truth speaks of the importance of self identity and the power associated with it. In The Blood Knot, Fugard creates a power struggle between Morris and Zachariah, in which Zachariah possesses dominance, to display through their characterization that power comes from assurance of one’s self, not from one’s external qualities.